PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT DURIAN (Durio zibethinus) DAN KULIT CEMPEDAK (Artocarpus integer) SEBAGAI EDIBLE FILM

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desi Mustika Amaliyah
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Yield Result ◽  
Pre Treatment

Durian (Durio zibethinus) and cempedak (Artocarpus integer) peels waste are not used by the society. The research aim is to extract pectin from durian and cempedak peels and to formulate the pectin into edible films for food packaging. The research stages were first pre-treatment of durian and cempedak peels, pectin extraction, pectin drying, and  pectin application as edible films with concentration of 0%, 5%, and 15%. Based on this research it was concluded that pectin can be extracted from durian and cempedak peels with yield result of 27.97 % and 55.58 %, respectively. Edible film obtained has  similar characteristics between raw materials cempedak and durian peels. The higher concentration of cempedak peel  pectin increased the thickness, but decreased the tensile strength and elongation at a concentration of 15%. While in edible films from durian peel pectin, the higher concentration of pectin decreased the thickness of edible film on pectin concentration of 15%, lowered tensile strength and raised the edible film elongation.Keywords: waste, durian, cempedak, pectin extraction, edible film

scholarly journals Effect of Different Formulations on Characteristic of Biobased Alginate Edible Films as Biodegradable Packaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Novia Racmayani ◽  
Amir Husni
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Water Vapor Transmission Rate ◽  
Water Vapor Transmission

Edible film can be used for food packaging. The main raw materials for edible film were alginates and plasticizers including glycerol and olive oil. This study aims to determine the characteristics of edible film composed of alginate, glycerol and olive oil. The study was carried out through the manufacture of edible films composed of alginates with various concentrations (2, 3, 4, 5 and 6%, w / v), 10% glycerol and 0.01% olive oil. Characteristics of edible film was observed including thickness, tensile strength, water vapor transmission rate, solubility and elongation. The results showed that the products met the edible film standard of the Japanese Industrial Standard. Concentration of alginate used had significant effect on thickness, tensile strength, solubility and elongation of the edible film. The films with 6% concentration of alginate showed optimum results with thickness 0,227 ± 0,008 mm, tensile strength 3,097 ± 0,384 MPa, elongation 86,682 ± 5,090 %, solubility 8,690 ± 2,892 % and water vapor transmission rate 45,477 ± 6,262 g/m2/24 h.

scholarly journals ANTI-MICROBIC FOOD PACKAGING INNOVATION FROM WASTE BANANA SKIN AND DURIAN SEEDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Reno Susanto ◽  
W Revika ◽  
Irdoni Irdoni
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Food Ingredients

Edible film is a packaging that has the advantage of being easily degraded so that it does not cause environmental problems such as plastic waste which can pollute the environment. Edible film is considered to have good prospects for application in food ingredients, one of which is meat, because meat has a limited shelf life. The addition of antimicrobial ingredients to the edible film in the form of essential oil of basil leaves is useful for reducing microbial growth. The purpose of this study was to make edible films to extend the shelf life of frozen meat, utilize banana peels and durian seeds as the main ingredients for making edible films and use basil essential oil as an antimicrobial agent. The stages of activities carried out in this study included the preparation of raw materials for waste banana peels, durian seeds, and basil leaves. This stage includes the extraction process of each ingredient that produces pectin from banana peels, starch from durian seeds, and essential oil from basil leaves. Furthermore, the making of edible films from these raw materials varied the ratio between the mass of pectin and starch. The formed edible films were analyzed using FTIR, attractiveness test, and microbial growth testing by comparing meat coated with edible film and meat not coated with edible film. The characteristics of the edible film produced are 0.1 mm thick with a tensile strength value of 64.65 MPa - 75.34 MPa and a percent elongation value of 0.318% - 0.36%. The best edible film was produced at a ratio of 4: 1 (pectin: starch) with the addition of antimicrobials which had a film thickness of 0.1 mm with a tensile strength value of 75.34 MPa and 0.35% elongation percent.

scholarly journals The Effect of Aloe vera and Glycerol Addition on Edible Film of Lesser Yam Starch (Dioscorea esculenta L. Burkill)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Devi Dwi Siskawardani ◽  
Warkoyo Warkoyo ◽  
Anggit Ayu Pradana Siwi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Starch Gel

Edible films are thin layers made from hydrocolloids, lipids, and their combinations, functioning as a barrier to mass transfer. The hydrocolloid source that commonly used for the edible film is starch. Lesser yam has the potential to be developed into food packaging products. It has a high starch yield (21.4%). The starch properties, which usually obstruct the edible film production are not resistant to high temperature, it produces a starch suspension with viscosity and ability to form a gel is not uniform, cannot stand in acidic conditions, does not resist stirring, limited solubility in water, and starch gel is easy to syneresis and brittle. This study aimed to investigate the effect of glycerol and Aloe vera concentration on the physical and mechanical edible film. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) factorial with two factors was adopted. The first factor was Aloe vera concentration (0, 1%, 0.2% and 0.3% b / v), and the second factor wasglycerol concentration (17.5, 22.5 and 27.5% v/b). The parameters tested included thickness, tensile strength, elongation, solubility, transparency, and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). The results showed an interaction between the addition of glycerol and Aloe vera to thickness, tensile strength, solubility, transparency, and WVTR. The best characteristics of edible film were produced by the addition of glycerol 17.5% and Aloe vera0.1% with the thickness (0.11 mm), tensile strength (2.03 MPa), elongation (15.38%), solubility (64.44%), transparency (2.88 mm-1), and WVTR (13.27 g m-2 24 h-1).

scholarly journals Physical Properties of Edible Films from Pangasius catfish Bone Gelatin-Breadfruits Strach with Different Formulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Rian Adhi Santoso ◽  
Yoni Atma
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Japanese Industrial Standard ◽  
Water Vapor Transmission

Abstract— This research aims to provide edible film made from fish bone gelatin of Pangasius catfish mixed breadfruit starch with different formulations. The study was carried out through three stages including breadfruit starch isolation, edible films fabrication and analysis of physical properties of resulted edible film such as thickness, water vapor transmission, tensile strength and percent of elongation as well as moisture content. Edible films which were formulated from fish bone gelatin of Pangasius catfish by breadfruit starch addition have thickness values ranged of ​​0.084-0.123 mm, 6.08 - 16.77% of moisture content, water vapor transmission of 1.07 - 1.60 g/ m²/hour, tensile strength of 0.245 - 1.186 MPa, and percent of elongation around 70 - 87.14%. The edible films from gelatin of Pangasius catfish bone with breadfruit starch addition have physical characteristic which fulfill the standard requirements issued by Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) Keywords— edible film; biodegradable materials; fish gelatin;breadfruit starch; food packaging    

scholarly journals Karakteristik Fisik, Mekanik Dan Zona Hambat Edible Film Dari Pati singkong Karet (Manihot glaziovii) Dengan Penambahan Gliserol Dan Ekstrak Jahe Merah (Zingiber officinale Var Rubrum) Sebagai Penghambat Bakteri Salmonella

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Lady Agitasi Amrillah ◽  
Warkoyo Warkoyo ◽  
Desiana Nuriza Putri
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Manihot Glaziovii ◽  
Red Ginger

The edible film is one of the innovations used to overcome the food packaging problem. Components of edible films are hydrocolloids, lipids, and composites. Glycerol belongs to the hydrocolloid group which serves to maintain the solidity of the film sheet. The edible active film allegedly can inhibit physical, chemicals, and microbiology problems in the packaging which will affect the decline of food quality during storage. With the active compounds contained in red ginger it is expected to inhibit the growth of Salmonella bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of different concentrations of glycerol and red ginger extract on the physical, mechanical, and inhibitory zones in the resulting edible film produced. This research used a nested design with 2 factors. The first factor was the addition of 20% glycerol concentration; 25%; 30% while the second factor is the addition of 0% red ginger extract; 0.5%; 1%; 1.5%. The treatments were 12 treatments with 3 replications. The parameters of this study include thickness, tensile strength, elasticity, WVTR, transparency, moisture content, solubility, density, and edible inhibition zone against Salmonella bacteria. The results showed that edible active red ginger film with the addition of glycerol had a significant effect on thickness, transparency, tensile strength and inhibition zone. On the addition of red ginger extract, 1.5% can inhibit the growth of Salmonella bacteria up to 34.17 mm.

scholarly journals PROPERTIES OF EDIBLE FILM FROM MODIFIED SAGO STARCH PRECIPITATED BY BUTANOL

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Riska Surya Ningrum ◽  
Dewi Sondari ◽  
Putri Amanda ◽  
Bernadeta Ayu Widyaningrum ◽  
Dian Burhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
Transparent Film

ROPERTIES OF EDIBLE FILM FROM MODIFIED SAGO STARCH PRECIPITATED BY BUTANOL. The edible film is a thin layer that can be used as food packaging and safe for consumption. Starch is a material that can be used as an edible film because it is biodegradable, non-toxic, able to form a strong and transparent film. In this research, sago starch has been precipitated using butanol for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours. Precipitated sago is reacted with 3% glycerol and then formed into a film by printing it on a petri dish. Characterizations of edible films are FTIR, contact angle, water solubility, swelling power, WVTR, and mechanical properties (thickness, tensile strength, and elongation). Edible film (B2) has the best mechanical properties, that is high hydrophobicity (contact angle is 60,351 degree), tensile strength (6,8843 N/mm2), and elongation (49,5081 %), also low water solubility (0,3352 %), moisture content (18,6005 %), and WVTR (0,02986 g s-1 m-2).

scholarly journals Characterization of Biobased Alginate/Glycerol/ Sunflower Oil as Biodegradable Packaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Maula Yasinta Dewi ◽  
Amir Husni
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Japanese Industrial Standard ◽  
Water Vapor Transmission

The most used packaging material was plastic, but can cause environmental problems because it was not easily degraded. Therefore, it was necessary to look for alternative packaging materials that are easily biodegraded including edible film. The main raw materials for edible films were alginates and plasticizers including glycerol and sunflower oil. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of edible film composed of alginate, glycerol and sunflower oil. The study was carried out through the manufacture of edible films composed of various alginates concentrations (2, 3, 4, 5 and 6%), 10% glycerol and 0.01% sunflower oil. The characteristics tested included thickness, tensile strength, elongation, solubility, and rate of water vapor transmission. The results showed that all treatments met the edible film standard of the Japanese Industrial Standard. The various alginate concentrations used did not significantly influence the water vapor transmission rate and tensile strength but significantly affected the elongation, solubility and thickness of the edible film.

scholarly journals Studi Pembuatan Edible Film Gel Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) dengan Penambahan Pati Singkong

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
Siti Mukaromatul Muslimah ◽  
Warkoyo Warkoyo ◽  
Sri Winarsih
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Distilled Water

Edible film is an organic material packaging that has plastic-like properties but is biodegradable. The components of the edible film include hydrocolloids. Okra gel is a long chain hydrocoloid polysaccharide with a high molecular weight and a constituent protein containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances. The hydrophilic characteristics are used to improve the physical properties of solubility. Meanwhile, hydrophobic characteristics are used to improve barrier properties (WVTR). Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is one of the cultivated plants that is currently underutilized by the community but has benefits and high nutritional content. The addition of cassava starch aims to increase the strength of the edible film. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of okra gel proportion and cassava starch concentration in making edible films which can produce edible film characteristics that meet the standards.This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD). The first factor is the ratio of okra gel and distilled water (1: 3; 1: 1; 3: 1, 1:0). The second factor is the concentration of cassava starch (2.5% and 5% (w / v)). The parameters tested were yield of raw materials, thickness, solubility, transparency, tensile strength, elongation, WVTR (Water Vapor Transmison Rate) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy).The results showed that there was no interaction between okra gel and cassava starch. However, the comparison of okra gel and distilled water had a significant effect on the transparency value with an average of 0.89-1.60 A546 / mm. The concentration of cassava starch has a significant effect on transparency 0.89-1.60 A546 / mm, tensile strength 0.97-2.33%. Edible film with the best treatment was obtained in G2P1 treatment (ratio of okra gel and distilled water (1: 1) and 2.5% cassava starch) with a thickness of 0.08mm, transparency 0.58A546 / mm, WVTR 3.87g / m2 / 24h, elongation 9.24%, tensile strength 0.74MPa and solubility 23.56%. And SEM analysis results show uneven morphology.

scholarly journals Use of Lemongrass Leaf Ethanol Extract for Developing Alginate Based Antibacterial Edible Films

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Alcohol Extract

Alginates extracted from brown seaweed have a variety of prospective applications such as thickeners, stabilizers, or restructuring agents. Due to its properties as a natural polysaccharide, alginate is very potential to be used as edible films for food packaging purposes. Edible films are developed for food protection being excellent barriers to gases but not to moisture. Incorporation of antimicrobial agents into edible film formulation can extend product shelf life and reduce the risk of pathogenic bacterial growth on food. Therefore, this study was aimed to develop an alginate based antibacterial edible film. Antibacterial agent extracted from lemongrass leaves using ethanol was employed. The study was conducted by varying the addition levels of lemongrass ethanol extract to the alginate based edible films, i.e. 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%. Before being added to the alginate based edible films, the lemongrass ethanol extract was investigated for its antibacterial activity. The edible films obtained were analyzed in terms of physical, mechanical and chemical and microbiological parameters, including thickness, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), brightness, tensile strength, elongation, moisture content, water solubility and antibacterial activity. Results showed that the higher addition levels of lemongrass ethanol extract tended to produce alginate based edible films with lower WVTR and brightness value as well as higher elongation, moisture content and water solubility. Edible film added with lemongrass ethanol extract resulted in this study demonstrated antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The addition of lemongrass alcohol extract at 0.5% was considered as a recommended concentration level for producing alginate based antibacterial edible films.

Improvement in Food Packaging Industry with Biobased Nanocomposites

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Akbari ◽  
Talat Ghomashchi ◽  
Shahin Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Edible Films ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
General Review ◽  
Flexible Packaging ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
New Challenges

Nanotechnology will become one of the most powerful forces for innovation in the food packaging industry. One such innovation is biobased nanocomposite technology, which holds the key to future advances in flexible packaging. Biobased nanocomposites are produced from incorporation of nanoclay into biopolymers (or Edible films). Advantages of biobased nanocomposites are numerous and possibilities for application in the packaging industry are endless. A comprehensive review of biobased nanocomposite applications in food packaging industry should be necessary because nanotechnology is changing rapidly and the food packaging industry is facing new challenges. This provides a general review of previous works. Many of the works reported in the literature are focused on the production and the mechanical properties of the biobased nanocomposites. Little attention has been paid to gas permeability of biobased nanocomposites. In regard to extensive research on Edible film, this article suggests investigating the replacement of biobased nanocomposites instead of Edible films in different areas of food packaging.

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