scholarly journals Passive RFID-Based Inventory of Traffic Signs on Roads and Urban Environments

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 2385 ◽  
Author(s):  
José García Oya ◽  
Rubén Martín Clemente ◽  
Eduardo Hidalgo Fort ◽  
Ramón González Carvajal ◽  
Fernando Muñoz Chavero
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Traffic Signs ◽  
Active Rfid ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
The Road ◽  
The One ◽  
Passive Rfid

This paper presents a system with location functionalities for the inventory of traffic signs based on passive RFID technology. The proposed system simplifies the current video-based techniques, whose requirements regarding visibility are difficult to meet in some scenarios, such as dense urban areas. In addition, the system can be easily extended to consider any other street facilities, such as dumpsters or traffic lights. Furthermore, the system can perform the inventory process at night and at a vehicle’s usual speed, thus avoiding interfering with the normal traffic flow of the road. Moreover, the proposed system exploits the benefits of the passive RFID technologies over active RFID, which are typically employed on inventory and vehicular routing applications. Since the performance of passive RFID is not obvious for the required distance ranges on these in-motion scenarios, this paper, as its main contribution, addresses the problem in two different ways, on the one hand theoretically, presenting a radio wave propagation model at theoretical and simulation level for these scenarios; and on the other hand experimentally, comparing passive and active RFID alternatives regarding costs, power consumption, distance ranges, collision problems, and ease of reconfiguration. Finally, the performance of the proposed on-board system is experimentally validated, testing its capabilities for inventory purposes.

scholarly journals Happiness in Romanian cities on the road from post-communism transition to EU accession

REGION ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Lenzi ◽  
Giovanni Perucca
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Post Communism ◽  
The One ◽  
Economic Growth Rates

<p>The literature on life satisfaction in transition countries, and in particular on Romania, demonstrated that life satisfaction significantly differs across rural communities and cities of different size. The question addressed in this paper is whether these imbalances are stable over time or, instead, they become manifest in the presence of strong divergences in the economic growth rates of different kinds of communities. Results point out that in the period of sharp economic growth led by large urban areas, as the one experienced by Romania on the road to EU accession, rural/urban disparities in life satisfaction widened, favoring cities of intermediate size.</p>

A Precise Positioning System Based on DGPS and GIS for Automatic Driving Vehicle

2013 ◽  
Vol 416-417 ◽  
pp. 776-780
Author(s):  
Jian Guo Zhang ◽  
Hong Jian Li ◽  
Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Intelligent Vehicle ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Traffic Signs ◽  
Precise Positioning ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
The Road ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
Position Data

A precise positioning technology was introduced in this paper and A precise positioning system has been built. The DGPS technology was introduced to acquire accurate data of the roads and traffic facilities in the system and a data-base has been built. The data-base was applied to GIS platform and a centimeter-level accurate road model was established. In addition, DGPS technology was adopted to achieve centimeter-level position. The position data coupling with accurate road model and the locating point would be indicated instantaneously. The distance between the locating point and the road boundaries, traffic signs lines, traffic lights, etc. could be indicated in the map and also the speed, acceleration, etc. of the locating point. This study provided positioning and navigation technology for the automatic driving technology of the intelligent vehicle.

scholarly journals Broadening Understanding on Managing the Communication Infrastructure in Vehicular Networks: Customizing the Coverage Using the Delta Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Silva ◽  
Lucas Silva ◽  
Leonardo Santos ◽  
João Sarubbi ◽  
Andreas Pitsillides
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Circle Pattern ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Past ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Definition Of

Over the past few decades, the growth of the urban population has been remarkable. Nowadays, 50% of the population lives in urban areas, and forecasts point that by 2050 this number will reach 70%. Today, 64% of all travel made is within urban environments and the total amount of urban kilometers traveled is expected to triple by 2050. Thus, seeking novel solutions for urban mobility becomes paramount for 21st century society. In this work, we discuss the performance of vehicular networks. We consider the metric Delta Network. The Delta Network characterizes the connectivity of the vehicular network through the percentage of travel time in which vehicles are connected to roadside units. This article reviews the concept of the Delta Network and extends its study through the presentation of a general heuristic based on the definition of scores to identify the areas of the road network that should receive coverage. After defining the general heuristic, we show how small changes in the score computation can generate very distinct (and interesting) patterns of coverage, each one suited to a given scenario. In order to exemplify such behavior, we propose three deployment strategies based on simply changing the computation of scores. We compare the proposed strategies to the intuitive strategy of allocating communication units at the most popular zones of the road network. Experiments show that the strategies derived from the general heuristic provide higher coverage than the intuitive strategy when using the same number of communication devices. Moreover, the resulting pattern of coverage is very interesting, with roadside units deployed a circle pattern around the traffic epicenter.

scholarly journals A Hybrid GWR-Based Height Estimation Method for Building Detection in Urban Environments

2014 ◽  
Vol II-2 ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Wei ◽  
X. Yao
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Lidar Data ◽  
Building Detection ◽  
Building Roof ◽  
Aerial Photos ◽  
The Road ◽  
Urban Modelling ◽  
Gwr Model

LiDAR has become important data sources in urban modelling. Traditional methods of LiDAR data processing for building detection require high spatial resolution data and sophisticated methods. The aerial photos, on the other hand, provide continuous spectral information of buildings. But the segmentation of the aerial photos cannot distinguish between the road surfaces and the building roof. This paper develops a geographically weighted regression (GWR)-based method to identify buildings. The method integrates characteristics derived from the sparse LiDAR data and from aerial photos. In the GWR model, LiDAR data provide the height information of spatial objects which is the dependent variable, while the brightness values from multiple bands of the aerial photo serve as the independent variables. The proposed method can thus estimate the height at each pixel from values of its surrounding pixels with consideration of the distances between the pixels and similarities between their brightness values. Clusters of contiguous pixels with higher estimated height values distinguish themselves from surrounding roads or other surfaces. A case study is conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. It is found that the accuracy of the proposed hybrid method is better than those by image classification of aerial photos along or by height extraction of LiDAR data alone. We argue that this simple and effective method can be very useful for automatic detection of buildings in urban areas.

Smart Cities: Study and Comparison of Traffic Light Optimization in Modern Urban Areas Using Artificial Intelligence

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Mustapha Kabrane ◽  
Salah-ddine Krit ◽  
Lahoucine El Maimouni
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Signs

In large cities, the increasing number of vehicles private, society, merchandise, and public transport, has led to traffic congestion. Users spend much of their time in endless traffic congestion. To solve this problem, several solutions can be envisaged. The interest is focused on the  system of road signs: The use of a road infrastructure is controlled by a traffic light controller, so it is a matter of knowing how to make the best use of the controls of this system (traffic lights) so as to make traffic more fluid. The values of the commands computed by the controller are determined by an algorithm which is ultimately, only solves a mathematical model representing the problem to be solved. The objective is to make a study and then the comparison on the optimization techniques based on artificial intelligence1 to intelligently route vehicle traffic. These techniques make it possible to minimize a certain function expressing the congestion of the road network. It can be a function, the length of the queue at intersections, the average waiting time, also the total number of vehicles waiting at the intersection

The Characteristic of Parking in Pasar Badung Area

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
I Ketut Sutapa
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Vehicle Ownership ◽  
The Road ◽  
Capacity Market ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
The One

In urban areas, the parking area was a problem that was quite complicated, especially in areas that become activities like industry centres, economy, tourism and others. In term of this, it was due to the fairly large urbanization which causes increasing population in urban areas. In addition, the level of private vehicle ownership was high enough so that it would directly add to the traffic flow. The problem that arose then was the traffic congestion caused by traffic flow exceeds the road capacity, the traffic processing system that is not good, nor because the road does not operate as it should. The one implication was the road not functioning properly was the parking of vehicles using the road (on-street parking). Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the park characteristics, in order to know the parking spaces capacity, as well as providing alternative solutions when capacity did not meet the parking space. This study was only conducted on the parking lot of the capacity market delinquent parking spaces as well as the park characteristics that included the accumulated parking, parking volume, parking average length, parking turnover rate, index parking of which was the object of this research was cars passenger and two-wheelers. In regarding this research could be used as input and consideration in determining or take wisdom in dealing with the parking problem in Pasar Badung (traditional market).

Active RFID for Enhanced Railway Operations

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Amanna ◽  
Ambuj Agrawal ◽  
Majid Manteghi
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Transmission Range ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Active Rfid ◽  
Data Packets ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Railway Operations ◽  
Passive Rfid

RFID tags have been used by railways for many years, RFID has proven its worth in inventory management, yet this technology is underutilized for enhancing railway operations and health monitoring due to limitations of passive RFID technology. Active RFID provides enhanced capabilities with potential to improve railway operations. Active technology differs from passive RFID by incorporating an onboard power source enabling longer ranges, changeable data fields, and the ability to transmit independently of the reader. This paper compares the advantages and disadvantages of active compared to passive RFID in terms of power requirements, transmission range, and dynamic data. A survey of existing products and vendors is presented. The existing active RFID standards are reviewed and elements of the data tag protocols are detailed as well as protocols for mitigating collisions of data packets. Finally, specific railway applications utilizing active RFID are discussed.

scholarly journals Analysis characteristic of hazardous locations in urban environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Željko Šarić ◽  
Goran Zovak ◽  
Danijel Brkić ◽  
Tomislav Kučinić
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Past ◽  
Expert Team ◽  
The Republic ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Direct Inspection

International experience, as well as previous research in the Republic of Croatia, shows that successful identification and remediation of hazardous locations results in a significant reduction in the number of traffic accidents, especially those with the most severe consequences. One of the most important steps in the process of identifying and remediation hazardous locations is the direct inspection of the location on the ground by an expert team, which in the most relevant way identifies deficiencies on the road and related equipment. Total of 117 locations have been inspected in the Republic of Croatia in the past year, which represented potentially hazardous locations on state roads, of which 61 is in located in urban areas. Based on the reviews of potentially hazardous locations in urban areas, significant data were collected on the condition of the road and related equipment, the results of which were analysed in detail and presented in this paper. Based on these results, remediation measures have also been proposed, which enable increased road safety and reduced traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Localization and Extraction of Road Poles in Urban Areas from Mobile Laser Scanning Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 401 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Li ◽  
Weixi Wang ◽  
Shengjun Tang ◽  
Dalin Li ◽  
Yankun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Region Growing ◽  
Traffic Signs ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Concentric Cylinders ◽  
Utility Poles ◽  
Bottom To Top

Lampposts, traffic lights, traffic signs, utility poles and so forth are important road furniture in urban areas. The fast and accurate localization and extraction of this type of furniture is urgent for the construction and updating of infrastructure databases in cities. This paper proposes a pipeline for mobile laser scanning data processing to locate and extract road poles. The proposed method is based on the vertical continuity with isolation feature of the pole part and the overall roughness feature of the attachment part of road poles. The isolation feature of the pole part is analysed by constructing two concentric cylinders from bottom to top and there should be no or a limited number of, points between these two cylinders. After splitting up the pole part and the attachment part of a road pole, the roughness of the candidate attachment points is computed and the attachment is obtained by performing region growing method based on roughness values. By applying the proposed pipeline to different situations in two datasets, the proposed method proves to be efficient not only in simple scenes but also in cluttered scenes.

Design of Anti-Theft Public Bicycle System Based on RFID Technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 475-476 ◽  
pp. 743-748
Author(s):  
Yin Min Wu ◽  
Yun Zhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Software Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Active Rfid ◽  
Front End ◽  
Rf Front End ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Passive Rfid ◽  
Systematic Framework

This paper introduces an anti-theft detection system for public bicycles, which can work in ways of both passive RFID and active RFID. The overall systematic framework is analyzed, and the circuits for microcontroller for RFID and RF front-end in the system are focused on. The anti-theft software process in the project implementation is also presented. We have done the design of RFID, including the software and hardware. After debugging, the RFID operates well. The RFID had done well in reducing traffic pressure in Hangzhou, Jiangyin and the other cities.

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