scholarly journals Deep Attention Models for Human Tracking Using RGBD

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryamsadat Rasoulidanesh ◽  
Srishti Yadav ◽  
Sachini Herath ◽  
Yasaman Vaghei ◽  
Shahram Payandeh
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
The State ◽  
Appearance Model ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Object Appearance ◽  
Challenging Environment ◽  
Tracking Model ◽  
Robust Adaptive ◽  
Future Object

Visual tracking performance has long been limited by the lack of better appearance models. These models fail either where they tend to change rapidly, like in motion-based tracking, or where accurate information of the object may not be available, like in color camouflage (where background and foreground colors are similar). This paper proposes a robust, adaptive appearance model which works accurately in situations of color camouflage, even in the presence of complex natural objects. The proposed model includes depth as an additional feature in a hierarchical modular neural framework for online object tracking. The model adapts to the confusing appearance by identifying the stable property of depth between the target and the surrounding object(s). The depth complements the existing RGB features in scenarios when RGB features fail to adapt, hence becoming unstable over a long duration of time. The parameters of the model are learned efficiently in the Deep network, which consists of three modules: (1) The spatial attention layer, which discards the majority of the background by selecting a region containing the object of interest; (2) the appearance attention layer, which extracts appearance and spatial information about the tracked object; and (3) the state estimation layer, which enables the framework to predict future object appearance and location. Three different models were trained and tested to analyze the effect of depth along with RGB information. Also, a model is proposed to utilize only depth as a standalone input for tracking purposes. The proposed models were also evaluated in real-time using KinectV2 and showed very promising results. The results of our proposed network structures and their comparison with the state-of-the-art RGB tracking model demonstrate that adding depth significantly improves the accuracy of tracking in a more challenging environment (i.e., cluttered and camouflaged environments). Furthermore, the results of depth-based models showed that depth data can provide enough information for accurate tracking, even without RGB information.

Practical Picture Processing

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
T. A. Welton
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Coherence Length ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Coherent Radiation ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Spread ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Picture Processing ◽  
Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

Managing the Edentulous Mandible using Recent Technological Developments: A Case Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Ashok Sethi ◽  
Thomas Kaus ◽  
Naresh Sharma ◽  
Peter Sochor
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Surgical Guide ◽  
Prosthetic Reconstruction ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Edentulous Mandible ◽  
Cad Cam

Safe clinical practice in implant dentistry requires an accurate investigation of the availability of bone for implant placement and the avoidance of critical anatomical structures. Modern imaging techniques using computed tomography (CT) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) provide the clinician with the required information. The imaging thus obtained provides accurate representation of the height, width and length of the available bone.1 In addition, whenever adequate radiation dose is used, accurate information about the bone density in Hounsfield units can be obtained. Important spatial information regarding the orientation of the ridges and the relationship to the proposed prosthetic reconstruction can be obtained with the aid of radiopaque templates during the acquisition of CT scan data. Modern software also provides the facility to decide interactively upon the positioning of the implants and is able to relate this to a stereolithographic model constructed from the imaging data. A surgical guide for the accurate positioning of the implants can be constructed. The construction of screw retained prostheses is fraught with difficulties regarding the accuracy of the construction. Accurate fit of the prosthesis is difficult to obtain due to the inherent errors in impression taking, component discrepancies, investing and casting inaccuracies.2,3 CAD/CAM technology eliminates the inaccuracies involved with the investing and casting of superstructures. Clinical Case This case describes the management of an 84 year old female patient, who had recently lost her remaining mandibular anterior teeth. This resulted in the patient's inability to wear conventional dentures in the mandible.

Study of water-table behaviour for the Indian Punjab using GIS

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1574-1581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samanpreet Kaur ◽  
Rajan Aggarwal ◽  
Ashwani Soni
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Critical Limit ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Water Canals

The state of Punjab (India) has witnessed a spectacular increase in agricultural production in the last few decades. This has been possible due to high use of fertilizers, good quality seeds and increased use of water resources. This increased demand of water resources has resulted in extensive use of groundwater in the central districts of the state and surface water (canals) in South-West Punjab, where groundwater is of poor quality in general. The state has been facing the twin problem of water table decline/rise in different parts. Efficient management relies on comprehensive database and regular monitoring of the resources. GIS is one of the important tools for integrating and analyzing spatial information from different sources or disciplines. It helps to integrate, analyze and represent spatial information and database of any resource, which could be easily used for planning of resource development, environmental protection and scientific researches and investigations. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have been used for a variety of groundwater studies. Groundwater level change maps are useful in determining areas of greatest changes in storage in the regional systems. In this study, an attempt has been made to assess the long term groundwater behaviour of the state using GIS to visually and spatially analyze water level data obtained from the state and central agencies. The data was analysed for 0–3 m, 3–10 m, 10–20 m and beyond 20 m. The study revealed that per cent area with water table depth > 10 m was 20% in 1998 and has increased to 58% by 2006 which is critical limit for shifting from centrifugal pump to submersible pump.

scholarly journals ELNAIS meets EASIN: distribution of marine alien species in Greece using EASIN mapping services and ELNAIS spatial data

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. KATSANEVAKIS ◽  
A. ZENETOS ◽  
D. POURSANIDIS ◽  
A.L. NUNES ◽  
I. DERIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alien Species ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
High Quality Information ◽  
Marine Alien Species ◽  
Lessepsian Migration

The European Alien Species Information Network (EASIN) was created with the aim to provide easy access to accurate information on alien species in Europe. EASIN allows the retrieval of spatial information from existing online data providers in order to produce integrated georeferenced distribution maps of alien species in Europe. In November 2012, a new data provider, the Ellenic Network on Aquatic Invasive Species (ELNAIS), joined EASIN; this has significantly increased the available georeferenced information on marine/estuarine alien species in Greek waters. Here, we use maps created by EASIN to show differences in patterns of distribution in Greece for the most abundant Phyla of marine alien species - Mollusca, Arthropoda, Chordata and Annelida. We also show that the two main pathways of introduction of marine alien species (Lessepsian migration and Shipping) are related to different patterns of species spatial distribution in Greece. Overall, the tools provided by EASIN can greatly aid scientists and policy makers in obtaining high quality information on marine alien species in Greece, especially after the association with ELNAIS.

scholarly journals MONITORING OF TERRAIN AND HIGH-ALTITUDE OBSTACLES IN AIRPORT AREAS

2020 ◽  
pp. 230-237
Author(s):  
Serhiy Kryachok ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
The State ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Satellite Radar

The urgency of the research. At present, new aviation rules concerning the provision of air navigation information have been introduced in Ukraine. The rules take into account the legislation of the European Union, Eurocontrol documents, ICAO Standards on the accuracy, processing and use of aeronautical data, which include data on terrain and obstacles in the areas of airports. Target setting.One of the factors influencing the safety of civil aviation is the consideration of obstacles on the routes in the form of elevations and high-altitude objects. This is evidenced by accidents and catastrophes of aircraft caused by col-lisions with high-altitude obstacles. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the ground space in the areas of an airport for the timely detection of obstacles to the updating of the electronic database on terrain and obstacles.Actual scientific researches and issues analysis.Recent open access publications on existing methods of collecting geo-spatial data to determine terrain and obstacles in areas of the airport wer e reviewed.Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining.The analysis of the given sources allows to draw a conclusion that concerning area 1 of the airport which is the territory of the state, the contradictory information on use of this or that method of definition of a relief of district and obstacles is resulted.The research objective. The main purpose of the article is to analyze the methods of monitoring spatial information on terrain and obstacles in area 1 of the airport using space-based radar systems that would meet the requirements of ICAO in this area for the maintenance of electronic databases of terrain and obstacles.The statement of basic materials.The quantitative requirements of ICAO for data on terrain and obstacles in area 1 of theairport are given. The errors of the results of the satellite radar topographic survey (SRTM), which allowed to obtain a digital model of the Earth's topography, were resolutionin the vertical plane 1 m, and in the horizontal plane - 30 m. The method of Permanent Scatterer SAR Interferometry PSInSAR - interferometry of stable reflectors using radars with synthe-sized space-based aperture allows to obtain the accuracy of stable reflectors (natural and man-made objects) in the vertical plane of about 1 m and the error in determining the heights of other objects is 14 m. Currently, the PSInSAR method is used to monitor the subsidence of the earth's surface in cities, which allows to determine the deformation of the earth's surface to the nearest millimeter. The grouping of remote sensing satellites TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X provided global coverage of the earth's surface with a digital terrain model with an accuracy of at least 2 m in height. The spatial resolution was about 1 m. In 2020, a satellite with a synthesized aperture of the Capella-2 radar survey was launched into Earth orbit. This unique micro satellite weighs 107 kg. Its camera equipment currently has an ultra-high spatial resolution of 50 x 50 cm.Conclusions.Modern methods of satellite radar can determine the planned and altitude position of objects in the area of airport 1 (territory of the state) with accuracy and resolution that meets the requirements of ICAO for the maintenance ofan electronicdatabase of terrain and obstacles. It is proposed to perform the first phase of monitoring objects in the country with the help of satellite radar, and in the second phase of monitoring to involve a ground survey - to clarify the attributive information about the objects detected in the first phase.

scholarly journals Visual Target Tracking using Robust Information Interaction between Single Tracker and Online Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 02046
Author(s):  
Yeyi Gu ◽  
Xinmin Zhou ◽  
Minjie Wan ◽  
Guohua Gu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Filter ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Appearance Model ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Sigmoid Function ◽  
Information Interaction ◽  
Model Update ◽  
Tracking Model ◽  
Real Video ◽  
Visual Target Tracking

In this paper, a novel tracking algorithm based on the cooperative operation of online appearance model and typical tracking in contiguous frames is proposed. First of all, to achieve satisfactory performances in challenging scenes, we focus on establishing a robust discriminative tracking model with linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) and use the particle filter for localization. Intended to fit the particle filter, the outputs of SVM classifier are mapped into probabilities with a sigmoid function so that the posterior of candidate samples is estimated. Then, the tracking loop starts with median flow method and the coordinated operation of the two trackers is mediated by the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate for the target probability of negative samples, which is defined during the sigmoid fit. Lastly, for the purpose of model update, we sum up the optimal SVM using a prototype set with the predefined budget, and the classifier is updated on both the prototype set and the updated data from the tracking results every few frames. A number of comparative experiments are conducted on real video sequences and both qualitative and quantitative evaluations demonstrate a robust and precise performance of our method.

Hot-Film Measurements on a LPT Linear Cascade With By-Pass Transition

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinaldo A. Gomes ◽  
Stephan Stotz ◽  
Franz Blaim ◽  
Reinhard Niehuis
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
The State ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Laminar Separation ◽  
Linear Cascade ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Hot Film

Transition of the state of the boundary layer from laminar to turbulent plays an important role in the aerodynamic loss generation on turbine airfoils. An accurate simulation of the transition process and of the state of the boundary layer is therefore crucial for prediction of the aerodynamic efficiency of components in rotating machines. A lot of the research in the past years dealt with the transition over laminar separation bubbles, especially concerning flows in low pressure turbines (LPT) of air jet engines. Nevertheless, by-pass transition is also frequent in turbomachines at higher Reynolds numbers as well as for properly designed profiles. Compared with transition over a laminar separation bubble, a by-pass transition is experimentally much more difficult to detect with standard measurement techniques. In such cases it becomes necessary to use more sophisticated techniques, such as hot film anemometry, hot wires or Preston probes in order to obtain accurate information on the state of the boundary layer. The study presented is carried out using a linear cascade with a LPT blade profile with strong front loading and gentle flow deceleration at the rear suction side of the blade. Measurements were performed at the High-Speed Cascade Wind Tunnel of the Institute of Jet Propulsion at engine relevant Mach and Reynolds numbers. Emphasis is put on the evaluation of the different transition processes at mid-span and its influence on profile losses. The data post processing was adapted for compressible flows, which allows a more accurate determination of the transition area as well as qualitatively better distributions of the wall shear stress. Finally, comparisons with simulations, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools, are performed and fields for improvement of the turbulence and transition models are identified.

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