Design and computer graphics in the agro-industrial complex

Agriculture and the industry associated with it has traditionally been focused on man and his direct labour with minimal use of machinery and mechanical equipment. But gradually advanced technologies are being introduced into this area. Today, almost any labour and creative processes of human activity are closely connected with maximum informatization and visualization of information through digital technologies, including in the agro-industrial complex. The article examines the design role, computer graphics and colour in the process of creating objects and equipment for the agro-industrial complex. The task is to trace how the digital technologies’ use affects the design and imaginative solution of the object world, which colour is more often used for the agricultural machinery design, what is the reason for the particular colour choice. The issue of creating virtual interfaces for the promotion of companies engaged in the production and sale of machinery and components of the agricultural sector, on the Rostselmash example, was also touched upon. The modern computers and programs’ use in industrial design makes it possible to accelerate the process of the preparatory stage of sketching, the search for a figurative and colour solution of the future object of the spatial environment, and most importantly - to achieve a successful aesthetics and functionality collaboration.

A method of shaping an energy-efficient building envelope based on natural patterns in order to achieve save of energy

This article aims to present an innovative way of designing objects called A method of shaping an energy-efficient building envelope based on natural patterns. The method uses currently available technologies in an unusual way. Digital photogrammetry data are inserted into a process of designing envelope structure of future objects. In the process of construction, this method counts on the use of all the advantages of 3D printing technology. This combination of the use of relatively innovative technologies in the process of design and construction of buildings opens up new possibilities for the design of the building envelope. Consequently, new building envelope shaping options create space for more efficient use of the energy savings associated with the building envelope shape as a building shape factor. The final design solution of the proposed building takes inspiration directly from the environment in which it is to be situated. Final design takes inspiration of its shape from the environment in which it will be built as a future object. As a result, the building works harmoniously and in accordance with the environment in which it was designed. This creates a pleasant ecological environment for its inhabitants and the surrounding area.

Prospects for protection and protection of the rights of investors in residential real estate: judicial and extrajudicial means

The main concepts of the mechanism of regulation of guarantees of protection of the rights of investors of residential real estate were considered in the article. The current state of legal regulation of investors' rights is analyzed and it is established that the existing legal definitions create a «blurred» legal field, which is the basis for abuse in this area. The existing opinion in the scientific literature on the existence of general and special legislation in the field of regulation of the rights of investors in residential real estate is supported. It is established that the draft Law of Ukraine «On guaranteeing property rights to real estate to be built in the future» belongs to the special legislation and, subject to its adoption, will be the main source that structures the «blurred» and broad legislative field presented in special legislation only by the Laws of Ukraine «On investment activity» and «On state registration of real rights to immovable property and their encumbrances». The analysis of foreign investment and other features of investment is left out of this scientific article, as the aim was to study the existing and future guarantees of residential real estate investors' rights under the draft Law of Ukraine «On guaranteeing real rights to real estate to be constructed in the future». Some novelties of the bill are analyzed, in particular the form of the transaction concerning the future real estate object, its essential conditions and it is established that the bill strengthens guarantees of the rights of investors of residential real estate, that introduces the obligatory form of such contracts - purchase, sale. The novelties of such an agreement, in particular, will be mandatory information on the legal grounds for the acquisition of ownership by the developer of land ownership; guaranteeing the first sale of the future real estate, guaranteeing the absence of third party rights to the future real estate. Taking into account the provisions of general legislation, in particular, the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine on contracts, it is established that the contract is concluded only after the parties agree on all material terms, so consolidating these novelties as essential terms of the contract will prevent double sale of future object real estate.

Advances of Local Climate Zone Mapping and Its Practice Using Object-Based Image Analysis

In the context of climate change and urban heat islands, the concept of local climate zones (LCZ) aims for consistent and comparable mapping of urban surface structure and cover across cities. This study provides a timely survey of remote sensing-based applications of LCZ mapping considering the recent increase in publications. We analyze and evaluate several aspects that affect the performance of LCZ mapping, including mapping units/scale, transferability, sample dataset, low accuracy, and classification schemes. Since current LCZ analysis and mapping are based on per-pixel approaches, this study implements an object-based image analysis (OBIA) method and tests it for two cities in Germany using Sentinel 2 data. A comparison with a per-pixel method yields promising results. This study shall serve as a blueprint for future object-based remotely sensed LCZ mapping approaches.

Integrated management systems in design and survey organizations

The relevance of the research topic is due, primarily, to the development trends of the construction industry of the Russian Federation in the face of declining quality of building products, the main reasons are low level of qualification, the lack of systematic monitoring at all stages of the production cycle, the deterioration of product quality of design and survey organizations. Today, the process of carrying out design and survey works is implemented in the conditions of an outdated regulatory and technical base, incorrectly drawn up technical tasks, and in some cases without prior approval of the technological part. The production cycle of construction products begins with the stage of design and survey work. The defining direction in the process of forming such characteristics of finished construction products as quality, its safety for the environment and consumers is the continuous improvement of this stage in changing conditions. Ensuring effective management of the process of creating design and estimate documentation allows to monitor, control and improve the quality, environmental friendliness and safety of construction products at each stage of its design. High indicators of quality, safety for the environment and consumers of design and survey products depend on the combined interaction of internal factors of the organization that ensure its sustainable development in constantly changing external conditions. It is at the stage of design and survey work that decisions are made on the criteria of economic and environmental efficiency of construction and operation of construction products. Design and survey organizations act as guarantors of both the safety of the future object and the payback of the resources invested by the customer, laying in the products the most cost-effective and modern technical solutions from the point of view of human and environmental safety.

Implementation of environmental measures in the study of pre-design situations on the example of a roadside service facility

When solving project tasks, it is necessary to take into account the maximum number of possible solutions that contribute to the efficiency of the object. When analyzing the activity of multifunctional objects, such solutions are all the more important, since they allow, taking into account the specific features of the object, to make the most rational design decision, especially if these solutions are associated with the ability to solve environmental and energy-efficient problems. The decisions made can take into account both the operation of the object itself and the infrastructure that provides the solution with the necessary engineering solutions. The most difficult thing in making project decisions is to systematize the studied situations and analyze informative sources. Systematization of methods of pre-project analysis, generalization of the experience of project work on the example of designing a roadside service object. Wepropose forms that facilitate the structuring of information sources, as well as logical tables that give an idea of the specifics of the choice of positions and directions that allows quickly come to an understanding of how to implement project tasks. Awareness of the methods that allow organizing the logic and sequence of design processes in design and architectural design allows the author to identify the most important problems from his point of view and fit them into the range of design tasks. The search for answers to these problems is formed by ways of structuring information and displaying it in pictorial structures, where the word takes on the meaning of a specific symbol, in a chain of connections that determine the understanding of the integral process of functioning of the future object, taking into account all aspects of its activity.

Attention driven phantom vision: measuring the sensory strength of attentional templates and their relation to visual mental imagery and aphantasia

When we search for an object in an array or anticipate attending to a future object, we create an ‘attentional template' of the object. The definitions of attentional templates and visual imagery share many similarities as well as many of the same neural characteristics. However, the phenomenology of these attentional templates and their neural similarities to visual imagery and perception are rarely, if ever discussed. Here, we investigate the relationship between these two forms of non-retinal phantom vision through the use of the binocular rivalry technique, which allows us to measure the sensory strength of attentional templates in the absence of concurrent perceptual stimuli. We find that attentional templates correlate with both feature-based attention and visual imagery. Attentional templates, like imagery, were significantly disrupted by the presence of irrelevant visual stimuli, while feature-based attention was not. We also found that a special population who lack the ability to visualize (aphantasia), showed evidence of feature-based attention when measured using the binocular rivalry paradigm, but not attentional templates. Taken together, these data suggest functional similarities between attentional templates and visual imagery, advancing the theory of visual imagery as a general simulation tool used across cognition. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Offline perception: voluntary and spontaneous perceptual experiences without matching external stimulation’.

Is Visual Creativity Embodied? Thinking Aloud While Performing the Creative Mental Synthesis Task

Over time, the view that creativity is embodied has emerged. In order to explore if visual creativity is supported by embodied mechanisms, the simulation approach was used as a framework of reference. The idea that visual creativity relies on mental representations that implement motor processes was faced. Participants were instructed to think aloud while carrying out the Creative Mental Synthesis Task, which allows to form pre-inventive structures and interpret them according to a specific category. Two independent judges scored verbal protocols in terms of the number of motor, spatial, and visual thoughts reported during the pre-inventive and inventive phases, and also evaluated the final objects according to originality and appropriateness. Originality was predicted positively by inventive motor thoughts and by pre-inventive spatial thoughts, but negatively by inventive spatial thoughts; appropriateness was only predicted by inventive visual thoughts. These results suggest that actions for future object utilization were simulated while interpreting pre-inventive structures, increasing originality of objects. In addition, spatial transformations are useful to construct the pre-inventive structures, but not to interpret them. Yet, thinking of the pictorial details of the object is also essential to classify it in a given category. Limitations and future research directions are discussed.

THE MAIN DIRECTIONS AND METHODS OF EFFECTIVE APPLICATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ORGANIZATIONS OF THE HELICOPTER INDUSTRY

The article presents a classification of technologies that determine the effective transition to digitalization of the main processes in organizations. Noted: given the fact that the helicopter industry is characterized exceptionally long service life of the products more appropriately and effectively implement the transition to digital technologies associated with the formation of the shape of a product with a digital double and other processes in the later stages of the life cycle, as this will allow you to include the costs of the organization on the use of digital technology in the cost of production. A method of selecting projects at the pre-investment stage to predict the necessary level of competitiveness of the future object is developed and described.