scholarly journals Physical and Metrological Approach for Feature’s Definition and Selection in Condition Monitoring

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 5186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio D’Emilia ◽  
Antonella Gaspari ◽  
Emanuela Natale
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Mechatronic System ◽  
Mechanical Parts ◽  
Mechanical Linkage ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Metrological Approach ◽  
Real Scale ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

In this paper, a methodology is described aiming at emphasizing physical and metrological criteria in feature selection for condition monitoring of a real scale mechatronic system. The device is used for packaging applications according to the movements of its end effector, driven by a couple of brushless servomotors and a kinematic mechanical linkage. The approach is hybrid, meaning that the starting feature set is built with reference to both experimental data from different sensors and to the indication of a simplified kinematic and dynamic model of the mechanical linkage itself. A critical comparison and mixing of theoretical and experimental data, based also on a physical interpretation of differences, suggests some more features, with respect to the classical ones, of hybrid type, which could be mostly correlated to the effects of statuses and defects of the system to be identified. The whole procedure is step by step validated, in order to evaluate the variability of features, throughout the whole procedure. The variability is analyzed depending on the actions that are realized in order to define, select, and use the proposed features for data processing by advanced algorithms, like the most typically used classifiers and artificial neural networks. A comparison with the state-of-the-art automatic feature’s selection procedure is also presented. Experimental results show that the proposed methodology is able to classify with high accuracy many statuses of the mechatronic system, which are only slightly different as for set-up settings and/or mechanical wear and lubrication conditions of mechanical parts of the mechatronic system. Issues to be pursued to a more effective generalization of the method are also discussed.

Leakage Flow Investigations on a Through-Wall Crack Related to Thermal Fatigue of Nuclear Power Plant Piping

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Schmid ◽  
Rudi Kulenovic ◽  
Eckart Laurien
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Leakage Flow ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Set Up

For the validation of empirical models to calculate leakage flow rates in through-wall cracks of piping, reliable experimental data are essential. In this context, the Leakage Flow (LF) test rig was built up at the IKE for measurements of leakage flow rates with reduced pressure (maximum 1 MPA) and temperature (maximum 170 °C) compared to real plant conditions. The design of the test rig enables experimental investigations of through-wall cracks with different geometries and orientations by means of circular blank sheets with integrated cracks which are installed in the tubular test section of the test rig. In the paper, the experimental LF set-up and used measurement techniques are explained in detail. Furthermore, first leakage flow measurement results for one through-wall crack geometry and different imposed fluid pressures at ambient temperature conditions are presented and discussed. As an additional aspect the experimental data are used for the determination of the flow resistance of the investigated leak channel. Finally, the experimental results are compared with numerical results of WinLeck calculations to prove specifically in WinLeck implemented numerical models.

Temperature Measurements of a Gold Nanosphere Solution in Response to Light-Induced Hyperthermia

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Kai Wong ◽  
Robert Taylor ◽  
Sungchul Baek ◽  
Yasitha Hewakuruppu ◽  
Xuchuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
High Power ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Resonance Wavelength ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Lamp Source

Gold nanospheres (GNSs), biocompatible nanoparticles that can be designed to absorb visible and near-infrared light, have shown great potential in induced thermal treatment of cancer cells via Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy (PPTT) [3]. In this study, light induced heating of a water-based dispersion of 20 nm diameter GNSs was investigated at their plasmon resonance wavelength (λ = 520 nm). Temperature changes of the solution at the point of light irradiation were measured experimentally. A heat transfer model was used to verify the experimental data. The effect of two key parameters, light intensity and particle concentration, on the solution’s temperature was investigated. The experimental results showed a significant temperature rise of the GNS solution compared to de-ionized water. The temperature rise of GNS solution was linearly proportional to the concentration of GNS (from 0.25–1.0 C, C = 1×1013 particles per ml) and the light intensity (from 0.25 to 0.5 W cm−2). The experimental data matches the modeling results adequately. Overall, it can be concluded that the hyperthermic ablation of cancer cells via GNS can be achieved by controlled by the light intensity and GNS concentration. A novel component of this study is that a high power lamp source was used instead of a high power laser. This means that only low cost components were used in the current experimental set-up. Moreover, by using suitable filters and white light from the high power lamp source, it is possible to obtain light in many wavelength bands for the study of other nanoparticles with different plasmon wavelength ranges. The current results represtent just one example in this versatile experimental set-up developed. It should be noted, however, the plasmon resonance wavelength used in this study is not within the therapeutic window (750–1300 nm) [13]. Therefore, the GNSs used in this experiment are only applicable to the surface induced thermal treatment of cancer cells, for instance, in the skin.

A RBF Neural Network Approach for Fitting Creep Curve of Sandstone

2010 ◽  
Vol 171-172 ◽  
pp. 274-277
Author(s):  
Yun Liang Tan ◽  
Ze Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Creep Curve ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Rbf Neural Network ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Neural Network Approach ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Set Up

In order to quest an effective approach for predicate the rheologic deformation of sandstone based on some experimental data, an improved approaching model of RBF neural network was set up. The results show, the training time of improved RBF neural network is only about 10 percent of that of the BP neural network; the improved RBF neural network has a high predicating accuracy, the average relative predication error is only 7.9%. It has a reference value for the similar rock mechanics problem.

Experimental and Simulation of a Cam and Translated Roller Follower Over a Range of Speeds

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louay S. Yousuf ◽  
Dan B. Marghitu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Lyapunov Exponents ◽  
Planar Motion ◽  
Largest Lyapunov Exponents ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact With Friction

In this study a cam and follower mechanism is analyzed. There is a clearance between the follower and the guide. The mechanism is analyzed using SolidWorks simulations taking into account the impact and the friction between the roller follower and the guide. Four different follower guide’s clearances have been used in the simulations like 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mm. An experimental set up is developed to capture the general planar motion of the cam and follower. The measures of the cam and the follower positions are obtained through high-resolution optical encoders (markers). The effect of follower guide’s clearance is investigated for different cam rotational speeds such as 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 R.P.M. Impact with friction is considered in our study to calculate the Lyapunov exponent. The largest Lyapunov exponents for the simulated and experimental data are analyzed and selected.

Conformational Structure of Chloromethyldichlorophosphines

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 333-336
Author(s):  
Evgenii A. Romanenko ◽  
Alexander M. Nesterenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Ab Initio Calculations ◽  
Ab Initio ◽  
Electron Correlation ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Conformational Structure ◽  
Gauche Conformation ◽  
Nuclear Quadrupole ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Good Agreement

IThe 35Cl nuclear quadrupole resonances (77 K) and ab initio calculations of trichloromethyldichlorophosphine () show that it exists in the chess conformation form. The barrier to internal rotation about the P-C bond in I at the RHF/6-31++ G(d,p) level equals to 38.1 kJ mol-1. In chloromethyldichlorophosphine (II) the extension of the basis set up to the RHF/6-311++G(df, pd) level does not improve the description of the most preferable gauche-conformation; only if electron correlation (at the MP2 level) is taken into account the results are in a good agreement with experimental data.

Robust Localization Using Identifying Codes

2009 ◽  
pp. 321-347
Author(s):  
Moshe Laifenfeld ◽  
Ari Trachtenberg ◽  
David Starobinski
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Information Theory ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Signal Propagation ◽  
Identifying Codes ◽  
Sensor Failures ◽  
Robust Localization ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Set Up

Various real-life environments are exceptionally harsh for signal propagation, rendering well-known trilateration techniques (e.g. GPS) unsuitable for localization. Alternative proximity-based techniques, based on placing sensors near every location of interest, can be fairly complicated to set up, and are often sensitive to sensor failures or corruptions. The authors propose a different paradigm for robust localization based on identifying codes, a concept borrowed from the information theory literature. This chapter describes theoretical and practical considerations in designing and implementing such a localization infrastructure, together with experimental data supporting the potential benefits of the proposed technique.

scholarly journals Tribological properties of surface microtexture friction pairs under different lubrication conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 168781401988156
Author(s):  
Lili Wang ◽  
Xingtang Zhao ◽  
Shaohui Guo ◽  
Min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Friction Pair ◽  
Element Model ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Solid Mixture ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Frictional Performance ◽  
Friction Performance ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Lubrication Conditions

In the field of journal bearings, the microtexture processing technology of the bush inner surface has become an effective way to improve the performance of journal bearing. The two-dimensional finite element model of microtexture surface with different shapes of friction pairs is established based on the Navier–Stokes (N-S) equation, and the effect of lubrication conditions on the frictional performance of friction pairs is analyzed. Four microtextures that are radial grooves, circular pits, local reticulation, and circumferential grooved microtexture are processed by laser microcarving on the surface of specimen, and three different lubricating medium conditions are set up with high-viscosity oil, low-viscosity oil, and oil–solid mixture, and the effect of lubrication condition and texture shape on the wear reduction of the microtexture friction pair is studied. Results show that the concave microtexture and the radial groove can improve effectively the friction performance of the friction pair. The microtexture can effectively store the lubricating medium and wear abrasive particles in the mixed lubrication, and avoid effectively the second wear, and its average friction coefficient of radial groove microtexture is 22%, 30% lower than that of high- and low-viscosity lubricating media, respectively. Both theory and experiment have proved that the effect of microtexture on high-viscosity lubricant is better than that of low-viscosity lubricant.

Evaluation of Component Reliability Using Data Derived from Infrared Thermography

2010 ◽  
Vol 450 ◽  
pp. 275-278
Author(s):  
John Redgate ◽  
Amin Al-Habaibeh ◽  
Dai Zhong Su ◽  
Tim Wilmshurst ◽  
Jon Rudd
Keyword(s):  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Component Reliability ◽  
Mechanical Parts ◽  
Hazardous Environments ◽  
Thermal Data ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Thermal Signature ◽  
Electrical Components

Condition monitoring of components is commonly required to evaluate integrity, manage maintenance and predict impending failure. The condition of many electrical and mechanical components is revealed by their thermal signature which can be reliably monitored by infrared camera. Thermal data obtained optically has the advantage of being non-contact so that moving mechanical parts and high voltage electrical components, including those located in hazardous environments or with difficult access, can be readily monitored. This paper proposes that data obtained by such methods is processed within a model in order to identify the imminent failure of a component or to estimate the probability that a component may exceed its operating tolerances at any given time within the remainder of its expected life.

On the Analysis of Competitive Binding of Various Ligands to Cooperative and Independent Binding Sites of Macromolecules

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 757-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Robert Kalbitzer ◽  
Dietmar Stehlik
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Manganese Ions ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Practical Evaluation ◽  
Multiple Binding ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Hill ◽  
Binding Structure

Abstract The paper deals with the practical evaluation of multiple binding equilibria of macromolecules and different ligands competing for the same binding sites. The necessary formalism is reviewed and set up for the equilibria involving a macromolecule with various classes of independent binding sites and/or a class of cooperative sites and up to three different ligands in competition for them. In particular, it was necessary to extend the Hill approximation to treat simultaneous competition for cooperative as well as independent binding sites, while earlier at­tempts are shown to be inadequate. Criteria are developed for a qualitative analysis of complex binding patterns using the Scatchard-plot of the experimental data in order to obtain a model of the binding structure and an adequate set of input parameters for the numerical analysis. Numerical examples refer to the binding of calcium and magnesium to the sarcoplasmic reticulum as studied by competitive re­placement of manganese ions [3].

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