scholarly journals A Low-Power WSN Protocol with ADR and TP Hybrid Control

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Wen Hung ◽  
Hao-Jun Zhang ◽  
Wen-Ting Hsu ◽  
Yi-Da Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Multiple Access ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Hybrid Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Transmission Power ◽  
Time Division

Most Internet of Things (IoT) systems are based on the wireless sensor network (WSN) due to the reduction of the cable layout cost. However, the battery life of nodes is a key issue when the node is powered by a battery. A Low-Power WSN Protocol with ADR and TP Hybrid Control is proposed in this paper to improve battery life significantly. Besides, techniques including the Sub-1GHz star topology network with Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), adaptive data rate (ADR), and transmission power control (TPC) are also used. The long-term testing results show that the nodes with the proposed algorithm can balance the communication quality and low power consumption simultaneously. The experimental results also show that the power consumption of the node with the algorithm was reduced by 38.46-54.44% compared with the control group. If using AAA battery with 1200 mAh, the node could run approximately 4.2 years with the proposed hybrid control algorithm with an acquisition period of under 5 s.

SECOND BIRTH OF TROPOSPHERIC COMMUNICATION. PHASED ANTENNA ARRAY COGNITIVE RADIO STATIONS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л.О. МЫРОВА ◽  
А.В. ШЕВЫРЕВ ◽  
С.А. МУСАЕЛЯН ◽  
И.С. ПОПОВ ◽  
В.А. ВОРОЩАК
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Antenna Array ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Hardware Reliability ◽  
Phased Antenna Array ◽  
Technical Solutions

Рассмотрены новые прорывные технические решения по тропосферной связи на основе когнитивных радиостанций с фазированной антенной решеткой (ФАР). Показана возможность повышения (в десятки раз)аппаратурной надежности за счет исключения из состава ТРС мощных передатчиков и применения вместо них маломощных антенных приемопередающих модулей (АППМ),синфазноработающих в составе ФАР. Представлены преимуществами ТРС: возможность длительной работа без технического обслуживания, снижение вдвое энергопотребления, а также глубокая унификация построения ТРС разного класса на основе унифицированных АППМ. New breakthrough technical solutions for tropospheric communication based on cognitive radio stations with a phased antenna array (PAA) are considered. These solutions provide the possibility of increasing the hardware reliability tenfold due to exclusion of powerful transmitters from tropospheric stations (TS) and using instead of them low-power antenna receive-transmitting modules (ARTM), operating in phase as part of the PAA. The advantages of such TSs are shown that enable long-term operation without maintenance, halving power consumption, as well as deep unification of the construction of TSs of different classes based on unified ARTMs.

Low power aware pulse triggered flip flops using modified clock gating approaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 792-803
Author(s):  
Sudhakar Jyothula
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Clock Gating ◽  
Flip Flop ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Low Leakage

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to design a low power clock gating technique using Galeor approach by assimilated with replica path pulse triggered flip flop (RP-PTFF).Design/methodology/approachIn the present scenario, the inclination of battery for portable devices has been increasing tremendously. Therefore, battery life has become an essential element for portable devices. To increase the battery life of portable devices such as communication devices, these have to be made with low power requirements. Hence, power consumption is one of the main issues in CMOS design. To reap a low-power battery with optimum delay constraints, a new methodology is proposed by using the advantages of a low leakage GALEOR approach. By integrating the proposed GALEOR technique with conventional PTFFs, a reduction in power consumption is achieved.FindingsThe design was implemented in mentor graphics EDA tools with 130 nm technology, and the proposed technique is compared with existing conventional PTFFs in terms of power consumption. The average power consumed by the proposed technique (RP-PTFF clock gating with the GALEOR technique) is reduced to 47 per cent compared to conventional PTFF for 100 per cent switching activity.Originality/valueThe study demonstrates that RP-PTFF with clock gating using the GALEOR approach is a design that is superior to the conventional PTFFs.

26.3 Design of a Low Power Consumption a-IGZO TFT-based Vcom Driver Circuit with Long-Term Reliability

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 338-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoon Jeong ◽  
Mallory Mativenga ◽  
Jin Jang ◽  
Sang Gul Lee ◽  
Yong Min Ha
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Driver Circuit ◽  
Igzo Tft

Research of Low Power Design Strategy Based on IEEE 1801 Unified Power Format

2014 ◽  
Vol 981 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Shu Ping Cui ◽  
Chuang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Circuit Design ◽  
High Power ◽  
Low Power Design ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
High Power Consumption

Power consumption is becoming an increasingly important aspect of circuit design. High power consumption can lead to high machine temperature, short battery life which makes laptop electronics difficult to be widely used. IEEE 1801 Unified Power Format (UPF) is designed to express power intent for electronic systems and components .This paper first introduces the power principles, puts forward the approaches to reduce power consumption according to UPF, and then demonstrates the Synopsys design flow based on UPF, finally gives the power report and makes a conclusion.

scholarly journals Metal–Oxide Nanowire Molecular Sensors and Their Promises

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Hao Zeng ◽  
Guozhu Zhang ◽  
Kazuki Nagashima ◽  
Tsunaki Takahashi ◽  
Takuro Hosomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Molecular Sensors ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability

During the past two decades, one–dimensional (1D) metal–oxide nanowire (NW)-based molecular sensors have been witnessed as promising candidates to electrically detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) due to their high surface to volume ratio, single crystallinity, and well-defined crystal orientations. Furthermore, these unique physical/chemical features allow the integrated sensor electronics to work with a long-term stability, ultra-low power consumption, and miniature device size, which promote the fast development of “trillion sensor electronics” for Internet of things (IoT) applications. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the recent studies and achievements in 1D metal–oxide nanowire synthesis, sensor device fabrication, sensing material functionalization, and sensing mechanisms. In addition, some critical issues that impede the practical application of the 1D metal–oxide nanowire-based sensor electronics, including selectivity, long-term stability, and low power consumption, will be highlighted. Finally, we give a prospective account of the remaining issues toward the laboratory-to-market transformation of the 1D nanostructure-based sensor electronics.

scholarly journals A System for Monitoring Breathing Activity Using an Ultrasonic Radar Detection with Low Power Consumption

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Naji ◽  
Ali J. Al-Askery ◽  
Sadik Kamel Gharghan ◽  
Javaan Chahl
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Mobile Telephone ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Radar Detection ◽  
Abnormal Breathing

Continuous monitoring of breathing activity plays a major role in detecting and classifying a breathing abnormality. This work aims to facilitate detection of abnormal breathing syndromes, including tachypnea, bradypnea, central apnea, and irregular breathing by tracking of thorax movement resulting from respiratory rhythms based on ultrasonic radar detection. This paper proposes a non-contact, non-invasive, low cost, low power consumption, portable, and precise system for simultaneous monitoring of normal and abnormal breathing activity in real-time using an ultrasonic PING sensor and microcontroller PIC18F452. Moreover, the obtained abnormal breathing syndrome is reported to the concerned physician’s mobile telephone through a global system for mobile communication (GSM) modem to handle the case depending on the patient’s emergency condition. In addition, the power consumption of the proposed monitoring system is reduced via a duty cycle using an energy-efficient sleep/wake scheme. Experiments were conducted on 12 participants without any physical contact at different distances of 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 m and the breathing rates measured with the proposed system were then compared with those measured by a piezo respiratory belt transducer. The experimental results illustrate the feasibility of the proposed system to extract breathing rate and detect the related abnormal breathing syndromes with a high degree of agreement, strong correlation coefficient, and low error ratio. The results also showed that the total current consumption of the proposed monitoring system based on the sleep/wake scheme was 6.936 mA compared to 321.75 mA when the traditional operation was used instead. Consequently, this led to a 97.8% of power savings and extended the battery life time from 8 h to approximately 370 h. The proposed monitoring system could be used in both clinical and home settings.

scholarly journals Emulating Artificial Synaptic Plasticity Characteristics from SiO2-Based Conductive Bridge Memories with Pt Nanoparticles

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Bousoulas ◽  
Charalampos Papakonstantinopoulos ◽  
Stavros Kitsios ◽  
Konstantinos Moustakas ◽  
Georgios Ch. Sirakoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Bottom Electrode ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Bipolar Switching ◽  
Conductive Bridge ◽  
High Degree

The quick growth of information technology has necessitated the need for developing novel electronic devices capable of performing novel neuromorphic computations with low power consumption and a high degree of accuracy. In order to achieve this goal, it is of vital importance to devise artificial neural networks with inherent capabilities of emulating various synaptic properties that play a key role in the learning procedures. Along these lines, we report here the direct impact of a dense layer of Pt nanoparticles that plays the role of the bottom electrode, on the manifestation of the bipolar switching effect within SiO2-based conductive bridge memories. Valuable insights regarding the influence of the thermal conductivity value of the bottom electrode on the conducting filament growth mechanism are provided through the application of a numerical model. The implementation of an intermediate switching transition slope during the SET transition permits the emulation of various artificial synaptic functionalities, such as short-term plasticity, including paired-pulsed facilitation and paired-pulse depression, long-term plasticity and four different types of spike-dependent plasticity. Our approach provides valuable insights toward the development of multifunctional synaptic elements that operate with low power consumption and exhibit biological-like behavior.

scholarly journals Energy Performance Analysis and Modelling of LoRa Prototyping Boards

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 7992
Author(s):  
Solomon Ould ◽  
Nick S. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Hypothetical Scenario ◽  
Study Power ◽  
Power Testing ◽  
Electrical Power Consumption

LoRaWAN has gained significant attention for Internet-of-Things (IOT) applications due to its low power consumption and long range potential for data transmission. While there is a significant body of work assessing LoRA coverage and data transmission characteristics, there is a lack of data available about commercially available LoRa prototyping boards and their power consumption, in relation to their features. It is currently difficult to estimate the power consumption of a LoRa module operating under different transmission profiles, due to a lack of manufacturer data available. In this study, power testing has been carried out on physical hardware and significant variation was found in the power consumption of competing boards, all marketed as “extremely low power”. In this paper, testing results are presented alongside an experimentally-derived power model for the lowest power LoRa module, and power requirements are compared to firmware settings. The power analysis adds to existing work showing trends in data-rate and transmission power settings effects on electrical power consumption. The model’s accuracy is experimentally verified and shows acceptable agreement to estimated values. Finally, applications for the model are presented by way of a hypothetical scenario and calculations performed in order to estimate battery life and energy consumption for varying data transmission intervals.

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