scholarly journals Simultaneous Measurement of Thickness and Elastic Properties of Thin Plastic Films by Means of Ultrasonic Guided Waves

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 6779
Author(s):  
Rymantas Jonas Kažys ◽  
Olgirdas Tumšys
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Contactless Measurement ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Pvc Film ◽  
Thin Plastic

Ultrasonic guided waves are already used for material characterization. The advantage of these waves is that they propagate in the plane of a plate and their propagation characteristics are sensitive to properties of the material. The objective of this research was to develop an ultrasonic method that could be used to measure the properties of thin plastic polyvinylchloride films (PVC). The proposed method exploits two fundamental Lamb wave modes, A0 and S0, for measurement of a thin film thickness and Young’s modulus. The Young’s modulus is found from the measured phased velocity of the S0 mode and the film thickness from the velocities of both A0 and S0 modes. By using the proposed semi-contactless measurement algorithm, the Young’s modulus and thickness of different thickness (150 µm and 200 µm) PVC films were measured. The uncertainty of thickness measurements of the thinner 150 µm PVC film is 2% and the thicker 200 µm PVC film is 3.9%.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of Excitation of Various Lamb Waves Modes in Thin Plastic Films

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Rymantas Jonas Kazys ◽  
Justina Sestoke ◽  
Egidijus Zukauskas
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Lamb Wave ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Ultrasonic Transducer ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Thin Plastic ◽  
Wave Modes

Ultrasonic-guided waves are widely used for the non-destructive testing and material characterization of plates and thin films. In the case of thin plastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC), films up to 3.2 MHz with only two Lamb wave modes, antisymmetrical A0 and symmetrical S0, may propagate. At frequencies lower that 240 kHz, the velocity of the A0 mode becomes slower than the ultrasonic velocity in air which makes excitation and reception of such mode complicated. For excitation of both modes, we propose instead a single air-coupled ultrasonic transducer to use linear air-coupled arrays, which can be electronically readjusted to optimally excite and receive the A0 and S0 guided wave modes. The objective of this article was the numerical investigation of feasibility to excite different types of ultrasonic-guided waves, such as S0 and A0 modes in thin plastic films with the same electronically readjusted linear phased array. Three-dimensional and two-dimensional simulations of A0 and S0 Lamb wave modes using a single ultrasonic transducer and a linear phased array were performed. The obtained results clearly demonstrate feasibility to excite efficiently different guided wave modes in thin plastic films with readjusted phased array.

Electrophoretic Deposition of Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Films and Characterization

2014 ◽  
Vol 1752 ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Junyoung Lim ◽  
Maryam Jalali ◽  
Stephen A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Single Wall Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Single Wall Carbon ◽  
Nanotube Films

ABSTRACTElectrophoretic deposition enables the rapid deposition of single wall carbon nanotube films at room temperature. An accurate, reproducible film thickness can be obtained by controlling electric field strength, suspension concentration, and time. To investigate the electrical and mechanical properties of such films, we recorded electric resistance and Young’s modulus using I-V characterization and a nanoindenter, respectively. The measured resistivity of the films varied from 2.14 × 10-3 to 7.66 × 10-3 Ω·cm, and the Young’s modulus was 4.72 to 5.67 GPa, independent of film thickness from 77 to 134 nm. These results indicated that the mechanical and electrical properties of film are comparable with previously reported methods such as layer by layer deposition even though we achieved much higher deposition rates. We also measured the film mass density which is usually unrecorded even though it is an important parameter for MEMS/NEMS device actuation. The film density was found with conventional thickness measurement and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. It varied from 0.12 to 0.54 g/cm3 as the film thickness increased. This method could be extended to applications of CNT films for flexible electronics or high frequency RF MEMS devices.

Contactless measurement of the elastic Young's modulus of paper by an ultrasonic technique

Ultrasonics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazen Khoury ◽  
Guy Eymin Tourtollet ◽  
André Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Contactless Measurement ◽  
Ultrasonic Technique

scholarly journals LASER-INDUCED SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVES FOR THIN FILM CHARACTERIZATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Radim Kudělka ◽  
Lukáš Václavek ◽  
Jan Tomáštík ◽  
Sabina Malecová ◽  
Radim Čtvrtlík
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Data Application ◽  
Thin Film Characterization ◽  
Short Laser Pulses

Knowledge of mechanical properties of thin films is essential for most of their applications. However, their determination can be problematic for very thin films. LAW (Laser-induced acoustic waves) is a combined acousto-optic method capable of measuring films with thickness from few nanometers. It utilizes ultrasound surface waves which are excited via short laser pulses and detected by a PVDF foil. Properties such as Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio and density of both the film and the substrate as well as film thickness can be explored.Results from the LAW method are successfully compared with nanoindentation for Young’s modulus evaluation and with optical method for film thickness evaluation and also with literature data. Application of LAW for anisotropy mapping of materials with cubic crystallographic lattice is also demonstrated.

Commercial potato protein concentrate as a novel source for thermoformed bio-based plastic films with unusual polymerisation and tensile properties

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (41) ◽  
pp. 32217-32226 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Newson ◽  
Faiza Rasheed ◽  
Ramune Kuktaite ◽  
Mikael S. Hedenqvist ◽  
Mikael Gällstedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Potato Protein ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Commercial Potato ◽  
Observed Behaviour

Films thermoformed from commercial potato protein concentrate exhibited a constant Young's modulus and increasing strain at break with increasing processing temperature, in contrast to the usually observed behaviour for protein-based materials.

scholarly journals Attenuation of a Slow Subsonic A0 Mode Ultrasonic Guided Wave in Thin Plastic Films

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rymantas Kažys ◽  
Reimondas Šliteris ◽  
Liudas Mažeika ◽  
Olgirdas Tumšys ◽  
Egidijus Žukauskas
Keyword(s):  
Guided Waves ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Lamb Waves ◽  
Ultrasonic Transducer ◽  
Plane Waves ◽  
Ultrasound Velocity ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Thin Plastic

The ultrasonic testing technique using Lamb waves is widely used for the non-destructive testing and evaluation of various structures. For air-coupled excitation and the reception of A0 mode Lamb waves, leaky guided waves are usually exploited. However, at low frequencies (<100 kHz), the velocity of this mode in plastic and composite materials can become slower than the ultrasound velocity in air, and its propagation in films is accompanied only by an evanescent wave in air. To date, the information about the attenuation of the slow A0 mode is very contradictory. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was the measurement of the attenuation of the slow A0 mode in thin plastic films. The measurement of the attenuation of normal displacements of the film caused by a propagating slow A0 mode is discussed. The normal displacements of the film at different distances from the source were measured by a laser interferometer. In order to reduce diffraction errors, the measurement method based on the excitation of cylindrical but not plane waves was proposed. The slow A0 mode was excited in the polyvinylchloride film by a dry contact type ultrasonic transducer made of high-efficiency PMN-32%PT strip-like piezoelectric crystal. It was found that that the attenuation of the slow A0 mode in PVC film at the frequency of 44 kHz is 2 dB/cm. The obtained results can be useful for the development of quality control methods for plastic films.

Comparison of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Components Manufactured by CMT

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 1318-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhao ◽  
Jian Xiao ◽  
S.J. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Fusion Line ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Line Region ◽  
Significant Difference

This paper presents an investigation on the microstructure and mechanical property of Al-alloy parts made by using additive manufacturing based on CMT (Cold Metal Transfer) welding technology. With the same 3D model and process parameters, a set of hollow cylindrical parts with 100 layers were built up using 2319, 4043, 5356 aluminum welding wires, respectively. Then their microstructure, tensile strength, and microhardness were tested and analyzed comparatively. The layer bands characteristics were obviously observed in both 2319 and 4043 parts. In the interlayer region of the 2319 parts, the segregation of alloying elements on the grain boundaries and inside the grains were significantly more than that in the fusion line region. For the microstructure of 4043 parts, the dendrites grow upward from the bottom without interruption in the fusion line region, and the continuous growth structure was maintained. There is no obviously change on the microhardness from the bottom to the top because the organization is uniform and there is no significant difference in the grain size. The ultimate strength and elongation in the horizontal direction were higher than those in the longitudinal direction, and the 5356 parts had best mechanical properties among the three materials. Ultrasonic method was also used to measure the Young's modulus of the additive manufactured parts. The Young's modulus measuring results were accordant with the results obtained by the mechanical property testing, and the error was within 3%.

The Mechanical Properties of Electroplated Cu Thin Films Measured by means of the Bulge Test Technique

2001 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Xiang ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Joost J. Vlassak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Bulge Test ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
Cu Films ◽  
Analytical Formulae

ABSTRACTThe mechanical properties of freestanding electroplated Cu films were determined by measuring the deflection of Si-framed, pressurized membranes. The films were deformed under plane-strain conditions. The pressure-deflection data are converted into stress-strain curves by means of simple analytical formulae. The microstructure of the Cu films was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The yield stress, Young's modulus, and residual stress were determined as a function of film thickness and microstructure. Both yield stress and Young's modulus increase with decreasing film thickness and correlate well with changes in the microstructure and texture of the films.

Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Between Rolling and Sliding Ceramic Cylinders: An Experimental Investigation1

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sperrfechter ◽  
R. Haller
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Thin Film Sensors ◽  
Line Contacts ◽  
Clear Increase

The present work focuses on the investigation of the influence of bulk ceramic materials on the behavior of elastohydrodynamically (EHD) lubricated line contacts. The materials alumina Al2O3, zirconium oxide ZrO2 and aluminum nitride (AIN) are used. Comparative measurements were taken with steel disks made of 42CrMo4. Of primary importance are the material parameters Young’s modulus and thermal conductivity. The experimental variables pressure, temperature and oil film thickness in the EHD contact of a two disk test rig were measured with the aid of evaporated thin film sensors. As the results show, an increase in the Young’s modulus causes a clear increase of the pressure level. The oil film thickness distributions show a decline of the flattening width and of the constriction occurring at the contact outlet. The influence of the material with respect to its thermal conductivity dominates, above all, in the region of the load transmitting contact zone. The transition from a good to a bad conductor of heat causes a rise in temperature, more prominent for materials with lower thermal conductivities. This leads to viscosity decrease causing clearly reduced oil film thicknesses in the contact. [S0742-4787(00)01404-1]

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document