scholarly journals Development and Experimental Validation of an Intelligent Camera Model for Automated Driving

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7583
Author(s):  
Simon Genser ◽  
Stefan Muckenhuber ◽  
Selim Solmaz ◽  
Jakob Reckenzaun
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Camera Model ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Position Measurement ◽  
Ground Truth Data ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Modeling Approach

The virtual testing and validation of advanced driver assistance system and automated driving (ADAS/AD) functions require efficient and realistic perception sensor models. In particular, the limitations and measurement errors of real perception sensors need to be simulated realistically in order to generate useful sensor data for the ADAS/AD function under test. In this paper, a novel sensor modeling approach for automotive perception sensors is introduced. The novel approach combines kernel density estimation with regression modeling and puts the main focus on the position measurement errors. The modeling approach is designed for any automotive perception sensor that provides position estimations at the object level. To demonstrate and evaluate the new approach, a common state-of-the-art automotive camera (Mobileye 630) was considered. Both sensor measurements (Mobileye position estimations) and ground-truth data (DGPS positions of all attending vehicles) were collected during a large measurement campaign on a Hungarian highway to support the development and experimental validation of the new approach. The quality of the model was tested and compared to reference measurements, leading to a pointwise position error of 9.60% in the lateral and 1.57% in the longitudinal direction. Additionally, the modeling of the natural scattering of the sensor model output was satisfying. In particular, the deviations of the position measurements were well modeled with this approach.

Evaluation of Commercial Truck Parking Detection for Rest Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (9) ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Ethan Stoop ◽  
Scott S. Washburn
Keyword(s):  
Software Tool ◽  
Vehicle Detection ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Ground Truth Data ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Rest Areas

Florida’s interstate rest areas are heavily utilized by commercial trucks for overnight parking. Many of these rest areas regularly experience 100% utilization of available commercial truck parking spaces during the evening and early-morning hours. Being able to communicate availability of commercial truck parking space to drivers in advance of arriving at a rest area would reduce unnecessary stops at full rest areas as well as driver anxiety. In order to do this, it is critical to implement a vehicle detection technology to reflect the parking status of the rest area correctly. The objective of this project was to evaluate three different wireless in-pavement vehicle detection technologies as applied to commercial truck parking at interstate rest areas. This paper mainly focuses on the following aspects: (a) accuracy of the vehicle detection in parking spaces, (b) installation, setup, and maintenance of the vehicle detection technology, and (c) truck parking trends at the rest area study site. The final project report includes a more detailed summary of the evaluation. The research team recorded video of the rest areas as the ground-truth data and developed a software tool to compare the video data with the parking sensor data. Two accuracy tests (event accuracy and occupancy accuracy) were conducted to evaluate each sensor’s ability to reflect the status of each parking space correctly. Overall, it was found that all three technologies performed well, with accuracy rates of 95% or better for both tests. This result suggests that, for implementation, pricing, and/or maintenance issues may be more significant factors for the choice of technology.

A Novel Method for Data Calibration in Wireless Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 1068-1073
Author(s):  
Wei Min Qi ◽  
Jie Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Error Elimination ◽  
Calibration Algorithm ◽  
Data Calibration

In order to provide efficient and suitable services for users in a ubiquitous computing environment, many kinds of context information technologies have been researched. Wireless sensor networks are among the most popular technologies providing such information. Therefore, it is very important to guarantee the reliability of sensor data gathered from wireless sensor networks. However there are several factors associated with faulty sensor readings which make sensor readings unreliable. The research put forward classifying faulty sensor readings into sensor faults and measurement errors, then propose a novel in-network data calibration algorithm which includes adaptive fault checking, measurement error elimination and data refinement. The proposed algorithm eliminates faulty readings as well as refines normal sensor readings and increase reliability. The simulation study shows that the in-network data calibration algorithm is highly reliable and its network overhead is very low compared to previous works.

scholarly journals Quantification of Fructans in Bioethanol Stillage Based On a Simplified Analytical Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Zimmermann ◽  
Martin Kaltschmitt
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Stationary Phases ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Sample Matrix ◽  
Sample Throughput ◽  
Complex Sample ◽  
Potential Substrate

Abstract Bioethanol stillage, the main by-product of industrial bioethanol production, is a potential substrate for fructans. However, the determination and quantification of fructans in such complex sample matrices is still a challenge for the corresponding analytics to be overcome in order to allow for the identification and utilisation of such unused fructan sources. Especially a possible utilisation or rather the corresponding process development requires appropriate analytics first. Thus, this paper aims to illuminate the basics of fructan quantification in stillage and the corresponding challenges particularly arising with widely used HPLC-RID systems. On this basis, a new approach for fructan quantification is presented based on such HPLC-RID systems allowing for a reliable and especially simple fructan determination in bioethanol stillage for comparably high sample throughput. The developed method performs fructan quantification by determination of fructose and glucose equivalents after a targeted acidic hydrolysis adapted to the respective sample matrix. By means of two different stationary phases, the problem of limited resolution in case of HPLC-RID is overcome and thus measurement errors are reduced. The approach towards the adapted analytical method can be transferred easily to comparable complex sample matrices.

scholarly journals Use of a Novel Resistive Strain Sensor Approach in an Experimental and Theoretical Study Concerning Large Spherical Storage Tank Structure Behavior During Its Operational Life and Pressure Tests

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Virgil Florescu ◽  
Stefan Mocanu ◽  
Laurentiu Rece ◽  
Robert Ursache ◽  
Nicolae Goga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tank ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Fem Simulation ◽  
Strain Sensor ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Operational Life ◽  
Large Spherical

This paper introduces a new method for the use of tensor-resistive sensors in large spherical storage tank equipment (over 12,000-mm diameters). We did an experiment with 19 petroleum or ammonia product sphere-shaped storage tanks with volumes of 1000 and 1800 cubic meters, respectively. The existing literature only contains experiments based on sensors for tanks with diameters no larger than 600 mm. Based on a number of resistive strain sensor measurements on large spherical pressurized vessels regarding structural integrity assessment, the present paper is focused on the comparison between "real-life" obtained sensor data versus finite element method (FEM) simulation results. The present paper is structured in three parts and examines innovative directions: the use of the classic tensor-resistive sensors in a new approach concerning large structural equipment; an original 3D modeling method with the help of the FEM; and conclusions with possible implications on the regulations, design, or maintenance as a result of the attempt of mutual validation of the new methods previously mentioned.

Threat Modeling

2010 ◽  
pp. 228-246
Author(s):  
Nishtha Srivastava ◽  
Sumeet Gupta ◽  
Mayank Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Threat Modeling ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Modeling Approaches ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Public Networks ◽  
Informal Method

This research work proposes a threat modeling approach for Web 2.0 applications. The authors’ approach is based on applying informal method of threat modeling for Web 2.0 applications. Traditional enterprises are skeptical in adopting Web 2.0 applications for internal and commercial use in public-facing situations, with customers and partners. One of the prime concerns for this is lack of security over public networks. Threat modeling is a technique for complete analysis and review of security aspects of application. The authors will show why existing threat modeling approaches cannot be applied to Web 2.0 applications, and how their new approach is a simple way of applying threat modeling to Web 2.0 applications.

Predictive analysis of stitched aerospace structures for advanced aircraft

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (1271) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
B. Horton ◽  
Y. Song ◽  
D. Jegley ◽  
F. Collier ◽  
J. Bayandor
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Aerospace Structures ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Analysis Environment

ABSTRACTIn recent years, the aviation industry has taken a leading role in the integration of composite structures to develop lighter and more fuel efficient aircraft. Among the leading concepts to achieve this goal is the Pultruded Rod Stitched Efficient Unitized Structure (PRSEUS) concept. The focus of most PRSEUS studies has been on developing an hybrid wing body structure, with only a few discussing the application of PRSEUS to a tube-wing fuselage structure. Additionally, the majority of investigations for PRSEUS have focused on experimental validation of anticipated benefits rather than developing a methodology to capture the behavior of stitched structure analytically. This paper presents an overview of a numerical methodology capable of accurately describing PRSEUS’ construction and how it may be implemented in a barrel fuselage platform resorting to high-fidelity mesoscale modeling techniques. The methodology benefits from fresh user defined strategies developed in a commercially available finite element analysis environment. It further proposes a new approach for improving the ability to predict deformation in stitched composites, allowing for a better understanding of the intricate behavior and subtleties of stitched aerospace structures.

scholarly journals The Cyclohedron Test for Finding Periodic Genes in Time Course Expression Studies

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Morton ◽  
Lior Pachter ◽  
Anne Shiu ◽  
Bernd Sturmfels
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Algebraic Combinatorics ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Biological Clocks ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Testing Framework ◽  
Expression Studies ◽  
Molecular Components

The problem of finding periodically expressed genes from time course microarray experiments is at the center of numerous efforts to identify the molecular components of biological clocks. We present a new approach to this problem based on the cyclohedron test, which is a rank test inspired by recent advances in algebraic combinatorics. The test has the advantage of being robust to measurement errors, and can be used to ascertain the significance of top-ranked genes. We apply the test to recently published measurements of gene expression during mouse somitogenesis and find 32 genes that collectively are significant. Among these are previously identified periodic genes involved in the Notch/FGF and Wnt signaling pathways, as well as novel candidate genes that may play a role in regulating the segmentation clock. These results confirm that there are an abundance of exceptionally periodic genes expressed during somitogenesis. The emphasis of this paper is on the statistics and combinatorics that underlie the cyclohedron test and its implementation within a multiple testing framework.

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