scholarly journals Adoption of Conservation Tillage on the Semi-Arid Loess Plateau of Northwest China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Han ◽  
Kadambot Siddique ◽  
Fengmin Li
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Government ◽  
Semi Arid

Conservation tillage is an important approach to prevent water loss and soil erosion and promote soil fertility that has been adopted widely throughout the world. However, despite promotion of the benefits of conservation tillage, obstacles are still encountered in some regions. A survey of 385 farmer households in the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China was conducted to assess the adoption of conservation tillage (ACT). This investigation was located in two counties that have run conservation tillage demonstrations with wheat for at least eight years. A binary logistic regression model was used to quantify the factors determining whether or not farmers adopt conservation tillage. Farmer’s education level, the influence of training, and field demonstrations by agricultural departments had significant positive effects on ACT. Although the adoption rate of conservation tillage in this paper was very high (89%), farmers were reluctant to continue practicing conservation tillage based on their experiences, which is contrary to the expectations of the government. The area available for planting winter wheat and the number of arable plots per household also had significant positive effects on ACT. However, the total cultivated area of land per household had a significant negative impact on ACT. Farmer awareness of conservation tillage technology, the distance from a farmer’s house to the nearest agricultural market, and the size of the active labor force in the family had significant negative impacts on ACT. These results will help in the development of more effective and targeted policies to improve the sustainability of farming systems on the semi-arid Loess Plateau.

scholarly journals The effects of clouds and aerosols on net ecosystem CO<sub>2</sub> exchange over semi-arid Loess Plateau of Northwest China

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 13337-13372
Author(s):  
X. Jing ◽  
J. Huang ◽  
G. Wang ◽  
K. Higuchi ◽  
J. Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Light Use Efficiency ◽  
Clearness Index ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. The impacts of clouds and atmospheric aerosols on the terrestrial carbon cycle at semi-arid Loess Plateau in Northwest China are investigated, by using the observation data obtained at the SACOL (Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University) site. Daytime (solar elevation angles of larger than 50°) NEE of CO2 obtained during the midgrowing season (July–August) are analyzed with respect to variations in the diffuse radiation, cloud cover and aerosol optical depth (AOD). Results show a significant impact by clouds and aerosols on the CO2 uptake by the grassland (with smaller LAI values) located in a semi-arid region, quite different from areas covered by forests and crops. The light saturation levels in canopy are lower, with a value of about 434.8 W m−2. Thus, under overcast conditions of optically thick clouds, the CO2 uptake increases with increasing clearness index, and a maximum CO2 uptake and light use efficiency of vegetation occur with the clearness index of about 0.37 and lower air temperature. Under other sky conditions the CO2 uptake decreases with the cloudiness but the light use efficiency is enhanced, due to increase in the fraction of diffuse PAR. Additionally, under cloudy conditions, changes in the NEE of CO2 also result from the interactions of many environmental factors, especially the air temperature. In contrast to its response to changes in solar radiation, the carbon uptake shows a negative response to increased AOD. The reason for the difference in the response of the semi-arid grassland from that of the forest and crop lands may be due to the difference in the canopy's architectural structure.

scholarly journals On the factors influencing surface-layer energy closure and their seasonal variability over the semi-arid Loess Plateau of Northwest China

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 893-910
Author(s):  
X. Xiao ◽  
H. C. Zuo ◽  
Q. D. Yang ◽  
S. J. Wang ◽  
L. J. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Atmospheric Turbulence ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Turbulence Intensity ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. The energy observed in the surface layer, when using eddy-covariance techniques to measure turbulent fluxes, is not balanced. Important progress has been made in recent years in identifying potential reasons for this lack of closure in the energy balance, but the problem is not yet resolved. In this paper, long-term data that include output of tower, radiation, surface turbulence flux and soil measurement collected from September 2006 to August 2010 in the Semi-Arid Climate Change and Environment Observatory, Lanzhou University, in the semi-arid Loess Plateau of Northwest China, were analysed, focusing on the seasonal characteristics of the surface energy and the factors that have impact on the energy balance closure (EBC). The analysis shows that (1) the long-term observations are successful; the interaction between the land and the atmosphere in semi-arid climates can be represented by the turbulent transport of energy. In addition, even though the residual is obvious, this suggests that the factors that impact the EBC are stable, and their seasonal variations are identical. The analysis also shows that (2) four factors have obvious impact on the EBC: the diverse schemes for surface soil heat flux, the flux contribution from the target source area, the low-frequency part of the turbulence spectra, and the strength of atmospheric turbulence motion. The impact of these four factors on the EBC are similar in all seasons. Lastly, the results indicate that (3) atmospheric turbulence intensity is a very important factor in terms of its impact on the EBC. The relative turbulence intensity, RIw, characterises the strength of atmospheric turbulence motion, and is found to exert a noticeable impact on the EBC; in all seasons, the EBC is increased when the relative turbulence intensity is enlarged.

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STATUS PENERIMAAN BERAS KELUARGA MISKIN MENGGUNAKAN REGRESI LOGISTIK BINER DI KECAMATAN LANGSA BARAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-192
Author(s):  
Amelia Amelia ◽  
Fitra Mulyani ◽  
Ulya Nabilla
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
The Status ◽  
Rice Consumption ◽  
The Government

Poverty is an inability to meet basic needs measured by expenditure, including rice consumption. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), as much as 95% of Indonesia's population consumes rice as the main food, with an average rice consumption of 102 kg/person/ year (BPS, 2013). Furthermore, BPS stated that almost 1/4 of them or around 25.95 million people were included in the category of the poor population as of March 2018. So the government made a policy to tackle the problem through the program of giving poor family rice (Raskin), namely subsidized rice assistance to households poor. However, in the implementation of the Raskin program, there was a deviation of around 40% of Indonesia's population with a middle-upper social-economic status receiving Raskin and 12.5% ​​of the population with a socio-economic status upon receiving Raskin. Therefore this study aims to analyze the significant factors that affect the status of rice in poor families using binary logistic regression analysis. The location of the study was conducted in the District of West Langsa because the district was one of the districts receiving the most Raskin in the City of Langsa. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The results of the analysis show that the factors that influence Raskin's acceptance status are the level of education, type of floor, type of fuel, expenditure for food, and frequency of purchasing new clothes. The binary logistic regression model obtained is

scholarly journals Incorporation of Manure into Ridge and Furrow Planting System Boosts Yields of Maize by Optimizing Soil Moisture and Improving Photosynthesis

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anzhen Qin ◽  
Yanjie Fang ◽  
Dongfeng Ning ◽  
Zhandong Liu ◽  
Ben Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Planting System

A sustainable management strategy of soil fertility and cropping system is critical to guaranteeing food security. However, little is known about the effects of soil amendment strategies on crop growth via regulating soil moisture and photosynthesis in a ridge and furrow cropping system. Here, field experiments were carried out in 2017 and 2018 in semi-arid areas of Loess Plateau, northwest China to investigate the effects of integrated use of ridge and furrow planting and manure amendment on grain yields of maize. Four treatments were designed: CK (flat planting with 100% chemical fertilizer), RFC (ridge and furrow planting with 100% chemical fertilizer), RFR (ridge and furrow planting with 100% control-released fertilizer), and RFM (ridge and furrow planting with 50% manure fertilizer + 50% N fertilizer). On average, RFM increased photosynthetic rates (Pn) by 74%, followed by RFR by 47%, and RFC by 26%, compared to CK. Also, stomatal conductance (Cd), transpiration rates (Tr), and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were highest with RFM, followed by RFR and RFC. Averaged across the two years, RFM conserved 10% more soil water storage (SWS) than CK did at harvest, followed by RFR with an increment by 8%. However, RFC consumed more soil water than CK did, with its ETc 8% higher than CK. Consequently, spring maize treated with RFM suffered less drought stress, especially in 2017 when precipitation was insufficient. On average, grain yields and water use efficiency of RFM were increased by 18% and 27%, compared to CK. Structural equation modeling analysis showed that there existed significant positive correlation between SWS in top layers and grain yields, while SWS in deep layers had negative effects on grain yields. In conclusion, the incorporation of manure into ridge and furrow planting system can be an efficient agronomic practice to improve plant photosynthesis, optimize soil moisture, and boost grain yields in semi-arid areas of Loess Plateau, northwest China.

Influence Of Regulative Pressures On Strategy Implementation In Public Secondary Schools In Selected Counties In Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-326
Author(s):  
Harun Kaumbuthu Mutea ◽  
Thomas Anyanje Senaji ◽  
Nancy Gacheri Rintari
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Strategy Implementation ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Successful Strategy ◽  
The Government

Preparation of strategic plans and their implementation in public secondary schools is mandatory for all schools in Kenya. However, the implementation is a challenge to the majority of the schools hence the need to investigate the factors that influence it. Being a relatively new management practice in public secondary schools, empirical studies in this area are limited. Drawing from the institutional theory, we conducted a descriptive structured self-administered questionnaire survey to determine the influence of regulative pressures on strategy implementation in public secondary schools. We further, examined the moderating effect of mimetic pressures on this relationship. We found that public secondary schools experienced moderate regulative pressures from the government to implement strategies and that through binary logistic regression model, regulative pressure significantly predicted the probability of successful strategy implementation (Wald = 13.682, df = 1, p < .001, exp (B) = 3.393). However, mimetic pressures did not significantly moderate the relation between regulative pressure and strategy implementation (Wald = .098, df = 1, p = .754 > .05, exp (B) =.737). Theoretically the study contributes to the scarce empirical literature on strategy implementation from the institutional theory perspective compared to strategy formulation. Practically, the study draws attention of stakeholders to the less investigated factors that influence strategy implementation namely: the regulative pressures. These findings have implications for government to strengthen the monitoring of public secondary schools to increase the likelihood of successful strategy implementation in public secondary schools.

Democracy under Fire: Voter Confusion and Influences in Colorado's Anti-Affirmative Action Initiative

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Farley ◽  
Matthew Gaertner ◽  
Michele Moses
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Ballot Initiatives ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
Previous Scholarship

In this article, Amy N. Farley, Matthew N. Gaertner, and Michele S. Moses examine the use of ballot initiatives as a particularly attractive form of direct democracy for opponents of affirmative action in higher education. Building on previous scholarship, the authors question whether anti-affirmative ballot initiatives validly reflect voters’ attitudes toward affirmative action. The authors examine the case of Colorado's Amendment 46, an anti-affirmative action ballot initiative. They investigate the language of the initiative itself, as well as voters’ perceptions of and confusion around its intent, and the factors that influenced voting behavior. They employ item response theory to estimate voters’ attitudes toward affirmative action. The authors then describe the prevalence of voter confusion around the initiative's intent. Finally, employing a binary logistic regression model, they analyze survey data to determine which factors influenced voting behavior. They find that the initiative's language was successful at confusing voters who intended to support affirmative action. Following the U.S. Supreme Court's recent decision in Fisher v. University of Texas and in anticipation of its decision in Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action, the authors call for greater scrutiny with regard to the use of initiatives to craft education policies that have a disproportionately negative impact on members of disadvantaged populations.

Conservation tillage increases yield and precipitation use efficiency of wheat on the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 106024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengkai Peng ◽  
Linlin Wang ◽  
Junhong Xie ◽  
Lingling Li ◽  
Jeffrey A. Coulter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Precipitation Use Efficiency

Socio-cultural Factors influencing livestock investment decisions among Smallholder Farmers in Mbulu and Bariadi Districts, Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1214-1230
Author(s):  
Nyanjige Mbembela Mayala ◽  
Mangasini Atanasi Katundu ◽  
Elibariki Emmanuel Msuya
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Government

Several different actors are involved in making sure smallholder farmers are motivated to commit funds in expectation of future returns (investment decisions) from useful domesticated animals (livestock). However, efforts by the government, international organizations and the private sector have not been able to significantly increase trade trends in Tanzania’s livestock which explains that there could be a lot more reasons for that. This manuscript assesses the socio-cultural factors (SCFs) influencing livestock investment decisions among smallholder farmers in Mbulu and Bariadi districts in Tanzania. A cross-sectional research design was employed where a sample of 333 respondents and 9 key informants were interviewed. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire and a key informant checklist. A binary logistic regression model (BLRM) was used to analyse the relationship between SCFs and livestock investment decisions. Results show that store of wealth is the most influencing factor followed by prestige, bride prices, ethnicity and number of children (significant at p < 0.05) to household livestock investment decisions. The study generally concludes that smallholder farmers consider their cultural perspectives before they decide on livestock management styles and that blending the SCFs and other factors could secure more livestock investments.

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