scholarly journals Influence of Family Income Level on Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes in Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5523
Author(s):  
Ana Ballesta-Castillejos ◽  
Juan Gómez-Salgado ◽  
Julián Rodríguez-Almagro ◽  
Antonio Hernández-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Spanish Health

For pregnant women, having a low family income status is associated with late prenatal attendance and an increased risk of adverse outcomes during pregnancy, delivery, and immediately after delivery. However, the influence of the socioeconomic level on maternal and child health may be minimal as long as the health system model is able to neutralise health inequity. For this reason, the objective of this study is to determine the relationship between the socioeconomic level assessed through monthly household income and obstetric and perinatal outcomes in the Spanish Health System, where midwives play a relevant role. To meet this objective, a cross-sectional observational study aimed at women who have been mothers between 2013 and 2018 in Spain was developed. The final study population was 5942 women. No statistically significant differences with linear trend were found between income level and obstetric and perinatal outcomes after the adjustment by confounding factors (pregnancy composite morbidity, p = 0.447; delivery composite morbidity, p = 0.590; perinatal composite morbidity, p = 0.082; postpartum composite morbidity, p = 0.407). The main conclusion is that, in the current Spanish health system, household income as an indicator of socioeconomic status is not related to perinatal outcomes after the adjustment by confounding factors. These results are likely due to the public model of our health system that serves all citizens on equal footing, although other social and individual factors may have influenced these results

scholarly journals Relationship between life satisfaction and preventable hospitalisations: a population-based cohort study in Ontario, Canada

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e032837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric De Prophetis ◽  
Vivek Goel ◽  
Tristan Watson ◽  
Laura C Rosella
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health System ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo examine if low life satisfaction is associated with an increased risk of being hospitalised for an ambulatory care sensitive condition (ACSC), in comparison to high life satisfactionDesign and settingPopulation-based cohort study of adults from Ontario, Canada. Baseline data were captured through the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) and linked to health administrative data for follow-up information.Participants129 467 men and women between the ages 18 and 74.Main outcome measuresTime to avoidable hospitalisations defined by ACSCs.ResultsLife satisfaction was measured at baseline through the CCHS and follow-up information on ACSC hospitalisations were captured by linking participant respondents to hospitalisation records covered under a single payer health system. Within the study time frame (maximum of 14 years), 3037 individuals were hospitalised. Older men in the lowest household income quintile were more likely to be hospitalised with an ACSC. After controlling for age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES) and other behavioural factors, low life satisfaction at baseline had a strong relationship with future hospitalisations for ACSCs (HR 2.71; 95% CI 1.87 to 3.93). The hazards were highest for those who jointly had the lowest levels of life satisfaction and low household income (HR 3.80; 95% CI 2.13 to 6.73). Results did not meaningful change after running a competing risk survival analysis.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that poor life satisfaction is associated with hospitalisations for ACSCs after adjustment for several confounders. Furthermore, the magnitude of this relationship was greater for those who were more socioeconomically disadvantaged. This study adds to the existing literature on the impact of life satisfaction on health system outcomes by documenting its impact on avoidable hospitalisations in a universal health system.

scholarly journals FAKTOR RISIKO BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH DITINJAU DARI KUALITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DAN FAKTOR KEHAMILAN (Studi di Puskesmas Margorejo dan Puskesmas Juwana di Kabupaten Pati)

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Aeda Ernawati
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Arm Circumference

ENGLISHMaternal conditions affect the growth and development of the fetus. The purposes of his study is to analyze the risk factors for LBW (Low Birth Weight) in Public Health Center Juwana and Margorejo of maternal factors including: maternal age, parity, Upper Arm Circumference size, education level and family income level. This study used case control design, in which each group had 32 cases. Statistical analysis used chi square, while risk estimation used odds ratio. The results shows that risk factors of LBW in Public Health Center Juwana and Margorejo is household income level (OR = 3.645 and p = 0.024), while mother age, parity, arm circumference size, and education levels are not associated with LBW. The effort to increase household income should be done by all stakeholders cooperatively to prevent LBW. INDONESIAKesehatan ibu sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin yang dikandungnya. Tujuan penelitian untuk untuk menganalisis faktor risiko kejadian BBLR di Puskesmas Juwana dan Puskesmas Margorejo ditinjau dari faktor ibu yang meliputi: usia ibu, paritas, ukuran LILA, tingkat pendidikan, dan tingkat pendapatan keluarga. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol dengan jumlah sampel masing-masing 32 responden. Uji statistik menggunakan chi square dan estimasi risiko menggunakan odd rasio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor ibu yang menjadi faktor risiko kejadian BBLR di Puskesmas Juwana dan Puskesmas Margorejo adalah tingkat pendapatan keluarga (OR=3,645 dan p=0,024). Usia ibu, paritas, ukuran LILA, tingkat pendidikan tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian BBLR. Perlu kerja sama dengan semua pihak untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat untuk mencegah terjadinya BBLR.

Physical Illness and Suicide Risk in Rural Residents of Contemporary China

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun-Xian Jia ◽  
Lin-Lin Wang ◽  
Ai-Qiang Xu ◽  
Ai-Ying Dai ◽  
Ping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population

Background: Physical illness is linked with an increased risk of suicide; however, evidence from China is limited. Aims: To assess the influence of physical illness on risk of suicide among rural residents of China, and to examine the differences in the characteristics of people completing suicide with physical illness from those without physical illness. Method: In all, 200 suicide cases and 200 control subjects, 1:1 pair-matched on sex and age, were included from 25 townships of three randomly selected counties in Shandong Province, China. One informant for each suicide or control subject was interviewed to collect data on the physical health condition and psychological and sociodemographic status. Results: The prevalence of physical illness in suicide cases (63.0%) was significantly higher than that in paired controls (41.0%; χ2 = 19.39, p < .001). Compared with suicide cases without physical illness, people who were physically ill and completed suicide were generally older, less educated, had lower family income, and reported a mental disorder less often. Physical illness denoted a significant risk factor for suicide with an associated odds ratio of 3.23 (95% CI: 1.85–5.62) after adjusted for important covariates. The elevated risk of suicide increased progressively with the number of comorbid illnesses. Cancer, stroke, and a group of illnesses comprising dementia, hemiplegia, and encephalatrophy had a particularly strong effect among the commonly reported diagnoses in this study population. Conclusion: Physical illness is an important risk factor for suicide in rural residents of China. Efforts for suicide prevention are needed and should be integrated with national strategies of health care in rural China.

Performance and Capacity Evaluation of the Spanish Health System in SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gildemir Ferreira Da Silva ◽  
Liana de Oliveira Barros ◽  
Bruno de Athayde Prata
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Spanish Health

Methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms: findings from a New Zealand longitudinal birth cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Boden ◽  
James A. Foulds ◽  
Giles Newton-Howes ◽  
Rebecca McKetin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Population ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Psychosis Risk

Abstract Background This study examined the association between methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms in a New Zealand general population birth cohort (n = 1265 at birth). Methods At age 18, 21, 25, 30, and 35, participants reported on their methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms in the period since the previous interview. Generalized estimating equations modelled the association between methamphetamine use and psychotic symptoms (percentage reporting any symptom, and number of symptoms per participant). Confounding factors included childhood individual characteristics, family socioeconomic circumstances and family functioning. Long term effects of methamphetamine use on psychotic symptoms were assessed by comparing the incidence of psychotic symptoms at age 30–35 for those with and without a history of methamphetamine use prior to age 30. Results After adjusting for confounding factors and time-varying covariate factors including concurrent cannabis use, methamphetamine use was associated with a modest increase in psychosis risk over five waves of data (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.72 for the percentage measure; and IRR 1.24, 95% CI 1.02–1.50 for the symptom count measure). The increased risk of psychotic symptoms was concentrated among participants who had used at least weekly at any point (adjusted OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.21–6.69). Use of methamphetamine less than weekly was not associated with increased psychosis risk. We found no evidence for a persistent vulnerability to psychosis in the absence of continuing methamphetamine use. Conclusion Methamphetamine use is associated with increased risk of psychotic symptoms in the general population. Increased risk is chiefly confined to people who ever used regularly (at least weekly), and recently.

scholarly journals Pregnancy Outcomes and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The Spanish Obstetric Emergency Group Study

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 853
Author(s):  
Sara Cruz Melguizo ◽  
María Luisa de la Cruz Conty ◽  
Paola Carmona Payán ◽  
Alejandra Abascal-Saiz ◽  
Pilar Pintando Recarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder ◽  
Obstetric Emergency ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Emergency Group ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Disease ◽  
The Relationship

Pregnant women who are infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. With this study, we aimed to better understand the relationship between maternal infection and perinatal outcomes, especially preterm births, and the underlying medical and interventionist factors. This was a prospective observational study carried out in 78 centers (Spanish Obstetric Emergency Group) with a cohort of 1347 SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive pregnant women registered consecutively between 26 February and 5 November 2020, and a concurrent sample of PCR-negative mothers. The patients’ information was collected from their medical records, and the association of SARS-CoV-2 and perinatal outcomes was evaluated by univariable and multivariate analyses. The data from 1347 SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnancies were compared with those from 1607 SARS-CoV-2-negative pregnancies. Differences were observed between both groups in premature rupture of membranes (15.5% vs. 11.1%, p < 0.001); venous thrombotic events (1.5% vs. 0.2%, p < 0.001); and severe pre-eclampsia incidence (40.6 vs. 15.6%, p = 0.001), which could have been overestimated in the infected cohort due to the shared analytical signs between this hypertensive disorder and COVID-19. In addition, more preterm deliveries were observed in infected patients (11.1% vs. 5.8%, p < 0.001) mainly due to an increase in iatrogenic preterm births. The prematurity in SARS-CoV-2-affected pregnancies results from a predisposition to end the pregnancy because of maternal disease (pneumonia and pre-eclampsia, with or without COVID-19 symptoms).

scholarly journals Association between age of cannabis initiation and gray matter covariance networks in recent onset psychosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Penzel ◽  
◽  
Linda A. Antonucci ◽  
Linda T. Betz ◽  
Rachele Sanfelici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Structural Brain

AbstractCannabis use during adolescence is associated with an increased risk of developing psychosis. According to a current hypothesis, this results from detrimental effects of early cannabis use on brain maturation during this vulnerable period. However, studies investigating the interaction between early cannabis use and brain structural alterations hitherto reported inconclusive findings. We investigated effects of age of cannabis initiation on psychosis using data from the multicentric Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management (PRONIA) and the Cannabis Induced Psychosis (CIP) studies, yielding a total sample of 102 clinically-relevant cannabis users with recent onset psychosis. GM covariance underlies shared maturational processes. Therefore, we performed source-based morphometry analysis with spatial constraints on structural brain networks showing significant alterations in schizophrenia in a previous multisite study, thus testing associations of these networks with the age of cannabis initiation and with confounding factors. Earlier cannabis initiation was associated with more severe positive symptoms in our cohort. Greater gray matter volume (GMV) in the previously identified cerebellar schizophrenia-related network had a significant association with early cannabis use, independent of several possibly confounding factors. Moreover, GMV in the cerebellar network was associated with lower volume in another network previously associated with schizophrenia, comprising the insula, superior temporal, and inferior frontal gyrus. These findings are in line with previous investigations in healthy cannabis users, and suggest that early initiation of cannabis perturbs the developmental trajectory of certain structural brain networks in a manner imparting risk for psychosis later in life.

scholarly journals Adolescent, Pregnant, and HIV-Infected: Risk of Adverse Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes in Young Women from Southern Mozambique

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1564
Author(s):  
Clara Pons-Duran ◽  
Aina Casellas ◽  
Azucena Bardají ◽  
Anifa Valá ◽  
Esperança Sevene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
P Value ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Impact

Sub-Saharan Africa concentrates the burden of HIV and the highest adolescent fertility rates. However, there is limited information about the impact of the interaction between adolescence and HIV infection on maternal health in the region. Data collected prospectively from three clinical trials conducted between 2003 and 2014 were analysed to evaluate the association between age, HIV infection, and their interaction, with the risk of maternal morbidity and adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in women from southern Mozambique. Logistic regression and negative binomial models were used. A total of 2352 women were included in the analyses; 31% were adolescents (≤19 years) and 29% HIV-infected women. The effect of age on maternal morbidity and pregnancy and perinatal adverse outcomes was not modified by HIV status. Adolescence was associated with an increased incidence of hospital admissions (IRR 0.55, 95%CI 0.37–0.80 for women 20–24 years; IRR 0.60, 95%CI 0.42–0.85 for women >25 years compared to adolescents; p-value < 0.01) and outpatient visits (IRR 0.86, 95%CI 0.71–1.04; IRR 0.76, 95%CI 0.63–0.92; p-value = 0.02), and an increased likelihood of having a small-for-gestational age newborn (OR 0.50, 95%CI 0.38–0.65; OR 0.43, 95%CI 0.34–0.56; p-value < 0.001), a low birthweight (OR 0.40, 95%CI 0.27–0.59; OR 0.37, 95%CI 0.26–0.53; p-value <0.001) and a premature birth (OR 0.42, 95%CI 0.24–0.72; OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.32–0.82; p-value < 0.01). Adolescence was associated with an increased risk of poor morbidity, pregnancy and perinatal outcomes, irrespective of HIV infection. In addition to provision of a specific maternity care package for this vulnerable group interventions are imperative to prevent adolescent pregnancy.

scholarly journals Income Status and Life Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix R. FitzRoy ◽  
Michael A. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Reference Income ◽  
Relative Form ◽  
Retirement Status

AbstractThe importance of both income rank and relative income, as indicators of status, has long been recognised in the literature on life satisfaction and happiness. Recently, several authors have made explicit comparisons of the relative importance of these two measures of income status, and concluded that rank dominates to the extent that reference income becomes insignificant in regressions including both these explanatory variables, and that even absolute or household income, otherwise always positively related to happiness, may lose statistical significance. Here we test this hypothesis with a large UK panel (British Household Panel Survey and Understanding Society) for 1996–2017, split by age and retirement status, and find, contrary to previous results, that rank, household income and reference income are all usually important explanatory variables, but with significant differences between subgroups. This finding holds when rank is in its often-used relative form, and also with absolute rank.

scholarly journals Fetal CHD and perinatal outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 686-691
Author(s):  
Christina J. Ge ◽  
Amanda C. Mahle ◽  
Irina Burd ◽  
Eric B. Jelin ◽  
Priya Sekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Cesarean Sections ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Gestational Age At Delivery

AbstractObjective:To evaluate delivery management and outcomes in fetuses prenatally diagnosed with CHD.Study design:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 6194 fetuses (born between 2013 and 2016), comparing prenatally diagnosed with CHD (170) to those with non-cardiac (234) and no anomalies (5790). Primary outcomes included the incidence of preterm delivery and mode of delivery.Results:Gestational age at delivery was significantly lower between the CHD and non-anomalous cohorts (38.6 and 39.1 weeks, respectively). Neonates with CHD had a significantly lower birth weights (p < 0.001). There was an approximately 1.5-fold increase in the rate of primary cesarean sections associated with prenatally diagnosed CHD with an odds ratio of 1.49 (95% CI 1.06–2.10).Conclusions:Our study provides additional evidence that the prenatal diagnosis of CHD is associated with a lower birth weight, preterm delivery, and with an increased risk of delivery by primary cesarean section.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document