scholarly journals Physical Activity Levels for Girls and Young Adult Women versus Boys and Young Adult Men in Spain: A Gender Gap Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6265
Author(s):  
Xian Mayo ◽  
Antonio Luque-Casado ◽  
Alfonso Jimenez ◽  
Fernando del Villar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood ◽  
Age Range

Despite that the health benefits of physical activity (PA) are clear, during the last years, a noticeable plateau or slight increase in physical inactivity levels in Spanish adolescents and young adults has been reported. In addition, there seems to be a progressive reduction of the total PA performed with age in both adolescent and young women as well as adult men. We aimed to analyze these changes with age in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in a sample of Spanish adolescents and young adults within the age range of 15–24 years old (n = 7827), considering the gender and using the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. For that, we implemented a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) considering both the gender and the age group surveyed. Generally, our findings showed a reduction in the daily MVPA performed from adolescence to young adulthood in Spaniards. Within these reductions, girls reduce their PA levels at a different age and pace in adolescence and young adulthood in comparison to boys. Though girls were less active than boys in the 15–18 year age range, these differences were no longer significant at older ages. Our results point out the necessity of implementing different policy approaches based on gender (i.e., for girls and young women), since reductions in the MVPA performed occur at particular ages and paces in comparison to boys and young men. This difference indicates that the traditional approach during adolescence and young adulthood is inadequate for tackling physical inactivity without considering the population’s gender.

Adolescents and young adults with cancer: The challenge

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID M. THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood

Adolescence and young adulthood is a time of enormous change. For many young people, the profound shift from dependence to autonomy that is the hallmark of this period is physically, emotionally, and spiritually demanding. On the other hand, this phase of life is generally marked by an exuberant optimism that is the envy of jaded adulthood. This optimism, when coupled with intelligence, lack of respect for established forms, and iconoclastic energy, may be the source of a lifetime's achievement.

Abstract MP21: Achieving Cardiovascular Health in Young Adulthood - Do Adolescent Factors Matter?

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly C Gooding ◽  
Carly Milliren ◽  
Christina M Shay ◽  
Tracy K Richmond ◽  
Alison E Field ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

Introduction: Adults who reach middle age with optimal levels of three physiologic factors – blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood glucose – have lower rates of CVD mortality compared to those with one or more of these risk factors in the non-optimal range. The American Heart Association has identified four healthy lifestyle components – BMI, smoking, diet, and physical activity – important for preserving optimal cardiovascular health as people age. However, which lifestyle components in adolescence are most strongly associated with physiologic markers of cardiovascular health in adulthood is unclear. The purpose of this study was to quantify associations between lifestyle components measured in adolescence and optimal physiologic cardiovascular health in young adulthood. Methods: Analyses included 9,697 young adults, age 24-32 years in 2007-2008, who participated in Wave IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. We defined optimal physiologic cardiovascular heath as untreated blood pressure <120/80 mmHg, untreated fasting blood glucose <100 mg/dL and hemoglobin A1C < 5.7%, untreated total cholesterol in the bottom 7 (women) or 6 (men) deciles for the study population, and absence of diabetes or CVD as measured at Wave IV. We used logistic regression models to estimate the odds of having optimal physiologic cardiovascular health in young adulthood according to BMI category, smoking status, and physical activity patterns measured during Waves I and II when participants were ages 11-20 years. Dietary data were not available. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, educational attainment, and income in young adulthood. Results: Few young adults (16%, 1,592 of 9,697) had optimal physiologic cardiovascular health. Young adults who had been normal-weighted in adolescence were more likely to have optimal physiologic cardiovascular health (18.4%, 1,382 of 7,206) compared to those who had been overweight (9.4%, 142 of 1,429) or obese (6.9%, 68 of 1,062). In models adjusted for young adult sociodemographic factors, participants who had been overweight or obese as adolescents were less than half as likely as those who had been normal-weighted to have optimal physiologic cardiovascular health in young adulthood (overweight odds ratio (OR) 0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35-0.61; obese OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.28-0.57). Adolescent tobacco smoking and physical activity were not associated with young adult cardiovascular health. Conclusions: Maintaining a healthy weight in adolescence may be the most important lifestyle factor for reaching young adulthood with optimal physiologic cardiovascular health. Overweight and obese adolescents should be encouraged to achieve a healthy weight through adherence to diet and physical activity goals.

Body mass index, self-esteem and weight contentment from adolescence to young adulthood and women’s risk for sexually transmitted disease

Sexual Health ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Merten ◽  
Amanda L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood

Background Women’s risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) were examined in terms of adolescent and young adult weight status, self-esteem trajectories and weight contentment using two waves of a nationally representative dataset. Methods: Using Waves 1 and 3 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, body mass index (BMI), self-esteem and weight contentment were examined during adolescence and young adulthood to assess the likelihood of STDs among 4000 young adult single women. Results: Change in BMI, specifically weight loss between adolescence and young adulthood, significantly increased women’s risk for STDs. Continuously low self-esteem during adolescence and young adulthood significantly increased women’s risk for STDs. When women’s contentment with their weight decreased from adolescence to young adulthood, women’s risk for STDs was greater. Regardless of other variables, Black women were more likely to have an STD. Conclusions: Results suggest that women’s self-perception is important in reducing sexual risk; specifically, patterns of self-esteem, BMI and weight contentment across developmental periods should be a critical focus of research and practice related to adolescent and young adult sexual health. There are many known benefits to fostering self-esteem during adolescence and findings from this study add STD prevention among young women to this list. Results emphasise the needed prevention during adolescence to address self-perspective and self-esteem for the long-term sexual well-being of young women.

scholarly journals Welchen Einfluss haben verschiedene Vatertypen auf den Verlauf der Symptombelastung ihrer Kinder? Eine Längsschnittuntersuchung an 14- bis 23-Jährigen

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-117
Author(s):  
Fabian Escher ◽  
Inge Seiffge-Krenke
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Youth Self Report ◽  
Internalizing Symptomatology ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood

In a longitudinal study, the influence of three types of fathers on their children’s psychopathology in adolescence and young adulthood was analyzed. In a sample of 213 subjects, the symptomatology was evaluated at five points in adolescence (Youth Self-Report) and in young adulthood (Young Adult Self-Report). The results show elevated levels of internalizing symptomatology in females compared to males. Furthermore, the results point to significant problems in young adults who have described their father as increasingly negative or distant through adolescence. At all measurement points, these two groups show higher symptomatology than the group of young adults who have described their father as normative in adolescence. Zusammenfassung In einer Längsschnittstudie wurde der Einfluss dreier Vatertypen auf die Symptombelastung ihrer Kinder im Jugend- und im jungen Erwachsenenalter analysiert. An einer Stichprobe aus 213 Probanden wurde die Symptombelastung zu fünf Messzeitpunkten im Jugendalter (Youth Self- Report) und im jungen Erwachsenenalter (Young Adult Self-Report) untersucht. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen erhöhte Werte in der internalisierenden Symptombelastung der weiblichen im Vergleich zu den männlichen Probanden. Des Weiteren weisen die Ergebnisse auf erhebliche Probleme bei jungen Erwachsenen, welche ihren Vater im Jugendalter als zunehmend negativ oder distanziert beschrieben haben, hin. In diesen beiden Gruppen zeigte sich zu allen Messzeitpunkten eine höhere Symptombelastung als in der Gruppe der jungen Erwachsenen, welche ihren Vater im Jugendalter als normativ beschrieben haben.

scholarly journals The Longitudinal Interplay Between Social Network and Psychopathology in Multi-Problem Young Adult Men; Separating Within-and Between-Person Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loïs Schenk ◽  
Miranda Sentse ◽  
Reshmi Marhe ◽  
Laura van Duin ◽  
Godfried Engbersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Deviant Peer Affiliation ◽  
Network Characteristics ◽  
Panel Models ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Random Intercept

Young adulthood is characterized by many life changes. Especially for young men with problems across different life domains (i.e., multi-problem), these changes may entail obstacles. Incidences of psychopathology increase during young adulthood and at the same time important shifts in social networks – such as changing relations with peers and parents, isolation, or deviant peer affiliation – take place. The present study examined the longitudinal interplay between psychopathology and social network characteristics over the course of 1 year in multi-problem young adults, at both between-person and within-person level. A sample of 696 multi-problem young adult men (age 18–27) participated in this three wave study. We used traditional cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) to examine how social network characteristics and psychopathology are related at the between-person level, and random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM) to examine within-person links. Between-person associations between internalizing problems and social networks were bidirectional, and externalizing problems were related to problematic social network characteristics, but not vice versa. At the within-person level, no such cross-lagged paths were found. Overall, results indicated that in multi-problem young adults, social network characteristics and psychopathology are related. However, looking at within-person processes this relation is not reciprocal.

Navigating being a young adult with cerebral palsy: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gitte Normann ◽  
Kirsten Arntz Boisen ◽  
Peter Uldall ◽  
Anne Brødsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
New Challenges

AbstractObjectivesYoung adults with cerebral palsy (CP) face potential challenges. The transition to young adulthood is characterized by significant changes in roles and responsibilities. Furthermore, young adults with chronic conditions face a transfer from pediatric care to adult healthcare. This study explores how living with CP affects young adults in general, and specifically which psychosocial, medical and healthcare needs are particularly important during this phase of life.MethodsA qualitative study with data from individual, semi-structured, in-depth interviews with six young adults with CP (ages 21–31 years) were transcribed verbatim and analyzed. The participants were selected to provide a maximum variation in age, gender, Gross Motor Function Classification System score and educational background. A descriptive thematic analysis was used to explore patterns and identify themes.ResultsThree themes were identified: “Being a Young Adult”, “Development in Physical Disability and New Challenges in Adulthood” and “Navigating the Healthcare System”. The three themes emerged from 15 sub-themes. Our findings emphasized that young adults with CP faced psychosocial challenges in social relationships, participation in education and work settings and striving towards independence. The transition to young adulthood led to a series of new challenges that the young adults were not prepared for. Medical challenges included managing CP-related physical and cognitive symptoms and navigating adult health care services, where new physicians with insufficient knowledge regarding CP were encountered.ConclusionThe young adults with CP were not prepared for the challenges and changes they faced during their transition into adulthood. They felt that they had been abandoned by the healthcare system and lacked a medical home. Better transitional care is urgently needed to prepare them for the challenges in young adulthood.

scholarly journals Obesity in Children and Adolescents during COVID-19 Pandemic

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Androniki Stavridou ◽  
Evangelia Kapsali ◽  
Eleni Panagouli ◽  
Athanasios Thirios ◽  
Konstantinos Polychronis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Sugary Drinks ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Obesity In Children

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to special circumstances and changes to everyday life due to the worldwide measures that were imposed such as lockdowns. This review aims to evaluate obesity in children, adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A literature search was conducted to evaluate pertinent studies up to 10 November 2020. Results: A total of 15 articles were eligible; 9 identified 17,028,111 children, adolescents and young adults from 5–25 years old, 5 pertained to studies with an age admixture (n = 20,521) and one study included parents with children 5–18 years old (n = 584). During the COVID-19 era, children, adolescents and young adults gained weight. Changes in dietary behaviors, increased food intake and unhealthy food choices including potatoes, meat and sugary drinks were noted during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Food insecurity associated with financial reasons represents another concern. Moreover, as the restrictions imposed reduced movements out of the house, physical activity was limited, representing another risk factor for weight gain. Conclusions: COVID-19 restrictions disrupted the everyday routine of children, adolescents and young adults and elicited changes in their eating behaviors and physical activity. To protect them, health care providers should highlight the risk of obesity and provide prevention strategies, ensuring also parental participation. Worldwide policies, guidelines and precautionary measures should ideally be established.

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