Gender and Age Differences in Metropolitan Car Use. Recent Gender Gap Trends in Private Transport

Urban mobility is currently undergoing significant changes in cities worldwide, as gendered mobilities are converging and automobility is on a downward trend among younger cohorts. The aim of this study was to examine the dynamics of gendered mobilities over generations and across three different urban contexts in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region (northeast Spain), in an effort to understand whether the mobility gender gap is closing and whether young adults have lowered their private transport levels. Generalized linear models were built to analyze travel survey data from the Working Day Mobility Survey (EMEF) to comprehend mobility changes between 2008 and 2018. The study identified a generational countertrend among new generations of young adults, who reported more sustainable mobility practices than their predecessors. Furthermore, results show a general trend towards gender convergence of travel behavior on the outskirts of the Barcelona Metropolitan Region, but also a tendency towards gender divergence in the core area of Barcelona City. Since the mobility gender gap is closer to convergence in those areas where private transport use is more widespread, future efforts towards achieving climate objectives should aim at decoupling such gender convergence from car-dependent built environments.

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Travelers-led Innovation in Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans

Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering ◽

10.3311/pptr.11909 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 126-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Glykeria Myrovali ◽

Maria Morfoulaki ◽

Bartholomew-Michael Vassilantonakis ◽

Antonios Mpoutovinas ◽

Kornilia Maria Kotoula

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Travel Behavior ◽

Participatory Approach ◽

Urban Mobility ◽

Sustainable Mobility ◽

Environmental Friendly ◽

Daunting Task ◽

Sustainable Urban Mobility ◽

City Planners

Putting citizens in the position of city planners while giving them a sense of purpose and plans' ownership is a difficult task since the win-win effect of participating in mobility planning is, in the majority of cases, not properly communicated. Aiming to display to travelers the value of their contribution with ultimate scope to increase the participatory approach in Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMP) concept, the current paper presents the e-platform of MOTIVATE project (MED programme, 2014-2020) developed to cover low citizens' engagement levels. MOTIVATE e-platform is estimated to become a useful tool on the hands of city planners and transport engineers via which, the daunting task of data collection and idea/views/opinions capturing will be facilitated. Furthermore, the exploitation of MOTIVATE e-platform is estimated to support travel behavior change towards environmental friendly ways of transport and increase the acceptability, and thus the efficiency, of sustainable mobility plans.

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Assessing the impact of discussing and practicing urban mobility on the travel behavior of young children and their caregivers: mixed-method empirical research in public preschools in São Paulo (Brazil)

10.31235/osf.io/9np8w ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mateus Humberto ◽

Filipe Moura ◽

Mariana Giannotti

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Empirical Research ◽

Low Income ◽

Travel Behavior ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Urban Mobility ◽

Sustainable Mobility ◽

Child Centered ◽

The Impact

This manuscript seeks to evaluate changes in the travel behavior of young children (5-6 y/o.) and their caregivers following the implementation of a 4-month program in public preschools in São Paulo (Brazil) with a high prevalence of low-income immigrants. The program was developed around two intervention types: i) weekly inquiry sessions about urban mobility through the Philosophy with Children approach and ii) bimonthly outdoor walking activities in the surroundings of schools. In this way, it was possible to observe positive changes in the perceptions of children’s statements and in the social norms of their caregivers about transportation, as well as significant modal shifts of caregivers towards sustainable mobility, which were evaluated using difference-in-differences and time-series analyses. Besides the identification of changes in the behavior of adult caregivers through child-centered intervention types, this empirical research enabled unraveling the effect of the proposed measures according to the child’s gender, nationality, and level of social vulnerability, including the significant modal shifts towards walking and cycling identified among boys and out of car and motorcycle among native children, which were significant both in post and follow-up measures.In addition to contributions to the evaluation of school-based interventions with data from developing countries, the discussions presented in this paper intend to provide insights into the role of early childhood and perceptions in behavioral changes towards sustainable transport.

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Innovative Approach to Sustainable Mobility and Transport Through Big Data From ICT – Pilot Study in Cracow, Poland

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/202133401032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 334 ◽

pp. 01032

Author(s):

Lidia Zakowska ◽

Zofia Bryniarska

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Big Data ◽

Public Transport ◽

Travel Behavior ◽

Life Quality ◽

Urban Transport ◽

Data Availability ◽

Urban Mobility ◽

Sustainable Mobility

New challenges of urban transport are connected to sustainability, the growing urban population globally, life quality and quality of urban environment, reduction of pollution and energy consumption. Sustainable urban mobility is no more dependent only on passenger transport efficiency, but also on transport accessibility of commuting services, acceptable level of comfort, safety and security of urban public transport and many more. Although a huge amount of data are available from modern communication services, the question of how to use those big data efficiently to improve urban mobility is unknown. Positive changes of mobility attitudes and travel behavior of citizens are going slowly, which means that personal motivation do not follow big data availability. This motivation is dependent on quality of public transport offer and services, among which information services are suspected to play a crucial role. Modern ICT methods of transport information delivery are based on Internet and social media, which through commonly used mobile devices are available at every stage of journey. In this article authors try, based on the pilot survey, to check how young Krakow citizens use social media in every day travels and commuting. The overall goal of the author’s study is to answer the question: how to use big data coming from ICT in order to upgrade urban transport sustainability.

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El designio de los hombres. Años de vida perdidos en Brasil y en sus grandes regiones, 1980 a 2005 / Male Fate – Years of Life Lost in Brazil and its Regions – 1989 / 2005

Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos ◽

10.24201/edu.v26i2.1385 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 299

Author(s):

Kaizô Iwakami Beltrão ◽

Emilio E. Dellasoppa

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Gender Gap ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Age Groups ◽

Steady Increase ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Its Regions ◽

External Causes

En este trabajo se analiza la evolución de los años de vida perdidos (AVP) de la población joven y adulta en Brasil según grandes grupos de causas y diversas divisiones geográficas a lo largo de un cuarto de siglo (1980 a 2005). La característica más sobresaliente de los avp es el aumento de la brecha de género en las causas violentas: los valores más elevados corresponden a la población masculina, y en vez de una esperada reducción se observa en los hombres un crecimiento de los avp originados por causas externas. Son de llamar la atención los elevados valores de las muertes por causas violentas en los jóvenes de 15 a 24 años, vulnerabilidad que continúa aumentando más allá del periodo de estudio.AbstractThis research analyzes the evolution of years of life lost (YLL) for young and adult Brazilian population by causes of death and geographical areas, as well as by gender and age-groups during 25 years: from 1980 to 2005. The most striking characteristic of the results of YLL is the widening gender gap: much larger figures for males than for females for violent causes. For males it is also noticeable a steady increase of the indicator driven by external causes. Young adults are especially vulnerable to death by violent causes, with large figures and a positive trend.

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Challenges and Strategies for Post-COVID-19 Gender Equity and Sustainable Mobility

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13052510 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 2510 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Guadalupe González-Sánchez ◽

María Isabel Olmo-Sánchez ◽

Elvira Maeso-González

Keyword(s):

Gender Equity ◽

Gender Gap ◽

Swot Analysis ◽

Careful Consideration ◽

Urban Mobility ◽

Sustainable Mobility ◽

Health Crisis ◽

Expert Opinions ◽

And Gender ◽

Sudden Decrease

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced countries around the world to take unprecedented measures to contain it. In particular, its impact on mobility has been enormous, causing a sudden decrease in the number of trips and changes in the choice and use of modes of transport. Furthermore, the effects of this health crisis on the social and economic spheres have aggravated inequalities between population groups, with women being one of the most affected groups, which may accentuate the already known gender gap in mobility. Based on these premises, we carried out a strategic analysis of urban mobility from the perspective of sustainability and gender equity in the context of the pandemic, identifying a set of effective strategies to address the post-COVID-19 urban mobility scenario. To this end, based on the review of the literature and expert opinions, we carried out a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis that allowed us to formulate 16 strategies after careful consideration of the weaknesses, strengths, threats and opportunities encountered. Our results provide useful recommendations for making successful policy decisions on post-COVID-19 mobility planning towards a more sustainable, equitable and safe model.

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Transferring Urban Mobility Studies in Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo to Other Large MENA Cities: Steps toward Sustainable Transport

Urban Development Issues ◽

10.2478/udi-2020-0003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 27-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Houshmand Masoumi ◽

Erik Fruth

Keyword(s):

Decision Makers ◽

Lead Author ◽

Urban Mobility ◽

Sustainable Transport ◽

Sustainable Mobility ◽

Large Share ◽

Mena Region ◽

Large Cities ◽

Mobility Studies ◽

Legal Constraints

AbstractThe number of urban mobility studies and projects in the three large metropoles of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo, is growing while other large cities do not enjoy a large share. It would be efficient for those other large cities to adapt the experiences, projects, and studies of Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo to their own contexts. This paper can help facilitate that adaptation. It investigates the transferability and generalisability of the findings of a recent publication by the lead author on mobility choices in Tehran, Istanbul, and Cairo to some other large cities of more than one million inhabitants in the MENA region. The discussion provided here can provide decision-makers in the MENA region with guidance on how to utilise the findings from a recent study on Tehran/Istanbul/Cairo in their own contexts. T-tests were conducted to test the comparability of the three base cities with a sample 57 others with populations of over one million people. The results show that it would be possible to adapt the urban mobility studies of the three base megacities to 3 to 27 cities based on different criteria. Key suggestions identified by this study include providing local accessibility, neighbourhood facilities, and cycling facilities as well as removing social and legal constraints to cycling, advertising cycling, informing people about the harm arising from the overuse of cars, and increasing street connectivity by adding intersections. According to the findings, these evidence-based recommendations can enhance sustainable mobility for the inhabitants of up to 27 large cities.

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Use of the Sustainable Mobility Efficiency Index (SMEI) for Enhancing the Sustainable Urban Mobility in Greek Cities

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13041709 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1709

Author(s):

Maria Morfoulaki ◽

Jason Papathanasiou

Keyword(s):

Multicriteria Analysis ◽

Efficiency Index ◽

Urban Mobility ◽

Specific Procedure ◽

Sustainable Mobility ◽

European Cities ◽

Step Procedure ◽

Directorate General ◽

Alternative Measures ◽

Sustainable Urban Mobility

Since 2013, the European cities have been encouraged to develop local Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs) according to the specific procedure that was launched by the Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport (DG Move) and updated in 2019. One of the most critical steps in this 12-step procedure is the assessment—with specific criteria—of all the alternative measures and infrastructure, which will be optimally combined, in order to better satisfy the problems and the achieve the vision of each area. The aim of the current work is to present the development and implementation of a methodological framework based on the use of multicriteria analysis. The framework targets the capturing of opinions of the relevant local experts in order to evaluate alternative sustainable mobility measures, and also prioritize them using the Sustainable Mobility Efficiency Index (SMEI).

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Smart and Resilient Urban Futures for Sustainability in the Post COVID-19 Era: A Review of Policy Responses on Urban Mobility

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13116486 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 6486

Author(s):

Christina Kakderi ◽

Eleni Oikonomaki ◽

Ilektra Papadaki

Keyword(s):

Operations Management ◽

Smart Cities ◽

Smart Growth ◽

Urban Mobility ◽

Sustainable Mobility ◽

Health Crisis ◽

Daily Routines ◽

Policy Responses ◽

Urban Futures ◽

Made In

The COVID-19 pandemic has put lifestyles in question, changed daily routines, and limited citizen freedoms that seemed inalienable before. A human activity that has been greatly affected since the beginning of the health crisis is mobility. Focusing on mobility, we aim to discuss the transformational impact that the pandemic brought to this specific urban domain, especially with regards to the promotion of sustainability, the smart growth agenda, and the acceleration towards the smart city paradigm. We collect 60 initial policy responses related to urban mobility from cities around the world and analyze them based on the challenge they aim to address, the exact principles of smart growth and sustainable mobility that they encapsulate, as well as the level of ICT penetration. Our findings suggest that emerging strategies, although mainly temporary, are transformational, in line with the principles of smart growth and sustainable development. Most policy responses adopted during the first months of the pandemic, however, fail to leverage advancements made in the field of smart cities, and to adopt off-the-shelf solutions such as monitoring, alerting, and operations management.

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Promoting Sustainable Mobility: A Perspective from Car and Public Transport Users

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18094715 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 4715

Author(s):

Audrius Dėdelė ◽

Auksė Miškinytė

Keyword(s):

Public Transport ◽

Adult Population ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Urban Mobility ◽

Sustainable Mobility ◽

Bicycle Safety ◽

Key Factor ◽

The Individual ◽

Significant Factors

Sustainable mobility is becoming a key factor in improving the quality of life of the residents and increasing physical activity (PA) levels. The current situation of sustainable mobility and its analysis is a first step in understanding the factors that would encourage residents to discover and choose alternative modes of travel. The present study examined the factors that encourage the choice of active modes of travel among urban adult population. Walking and cycling were analyzed as the most sustainable forms of urban mobility from the perspective of car and public transport (PT) users. Total of 902 subjects aged 18 years or older were analyzed in the study to assess commuting habits in Kaunas city, Lithuania. The majority (61.1%) of the respondents used a passenger vehicle, 28.2% used PT, and only 13.5% used active modes of travel. The results showed that safer pedestrian crossings, and comfortable paths were the most significant factors that encourage walking. A wider cycling network, and bicycle safety were the most important incentives for the promotion of cycling. Our findings show that the main factors encouraging walking and cycling among car and PT users are similar, however, the individual characteristics that determine the choice of these factors vary significantly.

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Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan and Health Security

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13084403 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 4403

Author(s):

Ilenia Spadaro ◽

Francesca Pirlone

Keyword(s):

Virus Disease ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Point Of View ◽

Urban Mobility ◽

Territorial Development ◽

Sustainable Mobility ◽

Development Environment ◽

Health Security ◽

European Guidelines ◽

Sustainable Urban Mobility

The topic of sustainable mobility is now a priority at the urban level. Today’s cities are often very busy, polluted, and dangerous. Therefore, to encourage sustainable mobility is important; it brings territorial development, environment, health, society, and economy benefits. The corona virus disease-19 (COVID) emergency, which occurred at the beginning of 2020, highlighted the already critical situation in many cities and how our mobility habits were not, even before, so sustainable. Within sustainable mobility, the concept of safety and security is important to consider. In the literature, safe mobility is often associated with the theme of accidents. The pandemic has highlighted the need to consider safety also from a health point of view. Municipalities, as known, also according to European guidelines, have a specific tool at their disposal to promote sustainable mobility: the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP). This paper intends to propose a methodological approach aimed at integrating the health security aspect in the SUMP. In this research, in order to promote safe mobility, different aspects were considered: accidents, risk perception, and health emergencies. For each aspect, specific indicators and good practices were proposed for the achievement and monitoring of the expected results. The paper refers to the European context with particular attention to Italy; La Spezia was chosen as a case study.

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