scholarly journals Does Gender Climate Influence Climate Change? The Multidimensionality of Gender Equality and Its Countervailing Effects on the Carbon Intensity of Well-Being

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3956
Author(s):  
Christina Ergas ◽  
Patrick Trent Greiner ◽  
Julius Alexander McGee ◽  
Matthew Thomas Clement
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Ecological Efficiency ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Force Increase ◽  
Women In Parliament ◽  
Women's Labor Force Participation ◽  
The Relationship

The carbon intensity of well-being (CIWB) (a ratio measuring the amount of CO2 emitted per unit of life expectancy at birth) is an increasingly popular way to measure the ecological efficiency of nations. Although research demonstrates that economic development typically reduces this efficiency, little research has explored the extent to which social equality improves it. This study uses panel data for 70 nations between 1995 and 2013 to assess how various aspects of gender equality affect the ecological efficiency of nations. We estimate a series of Prais-Winsten regression models with panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE) to assess how increases in the percentage of women in parliament, expected years of education for women, and the percentage of women in the labor force independently affect CIWB. Our findings indicate that across all nations, increases in the percentage of women in parliament and expected years of schooling reduce CIWB; however, increases in the percentage of women in the labor force increase CIWB. Our results further show that the relationship between different dimensions of gender equality and CIWB differs between more developed and less developed nations. Finally, we find that increases in the number of women in parliament and women’s education attenuate the relationship between women’s labor force participation and CIWB. We discuss the variation in our results by reviewing relevant eco-gender literatures and feminist economics.

The relationship between employment quality and work-related well-being in the European Labor Force

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 66-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Van Aerden ◽  
Guy Moors ◽  
Katia Levecque ◽  
Christophe Vanroelen
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Employment Quality ◽  
The Relationship

The Silver Bullet? Assessing the Role of Education for Sustainability

Social Forces ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orla Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
National Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Education For Sustainability ◽  
Ecological Modernization ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Global Sustainability ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The United Nations 2030 agenda for sustainable development calls on nation states to invest in national development trajectories that promote both human and environmental well-being. Given the complexity of this plan, and the increasing severity of the climate crisis, understanding the relationship between nations’ social and environmental outcomes is a critical task for social scientists. Raising national rates of educational attainment is a cornerstone national and international governance goal. This paper integrates Amartya Sen’s conceptualization of education as the expansion of human capabilities, with the ecological modernization position that more educated societies may be less ecologically intensive, and tests the resultant hypothesis that gains in education may support global sustainability. Specifically, this study uses two-way fixed effects longitudinal modeling techniques to assess the relationship between national educational attainment and the carbon intensity of well-being (CIWB) for 76 nations between 1960 and 2010. The CIWB ratio is a well-established metric for sustainability within sociology. The findings indicate that gains in educational attainment played an important historical role in reducing the carbon intensity with which nation states produce well-being for its citizens. Less encouraging, from a global sustainability perspective, is the uneven distribution of these desirable effects across regions, and the diminishment of the education effect over time in all regions outside of advanced economies.

scholarly journals Does Gender Equality work for Sustainable Development in Central Africa Countries? Some Empirical Lessons

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Tchouassi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Economic Well Being

It is commonly argued that Central Africa countries need economic growth andgender equality to ensure economic well-being and improve the living standards ofthe population. This paper, based on the Kuznets curve associated toenvironmental analysis, aims to analyze the relationship between gender equalityand sustainable development. The cross-sectional analysis, with data from 11countries in Central Africa in 2010, was used. Results find a positive correlationbetween gender equality and sustainable development. When the Multidimensionalpoverty index increases, environmental problems reduce, translating the role ofgender in sustainable development in all Central Africa countries.

scholarly journals Can Labor Make Women Happier?The Relationship Between Labor Time, Cross-generational Care and Women’s Subjective Well-being——A Research Based on CFPS (2016)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Guangyan Li
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Labor Time ◽  
Family Culture ◽  
The Relationship

Marxism women-theory advocates women to achieve gender equality and liberation through employment. But due to the influence of culture，if the promotion of female employment, women may face the dual pressure of housework and work, that is, the promotion of female employment may deviate from the ruling effect of people’s happiness. This study aims to explore the relationship between labor time, cross-generational care and women’s subjective well-being by using the data of CFPS (2016). Findings are as follow. Firstly, the time spent on housework differs between men and women, and the burden of housework still falls on women. Secondly, women’s employment reduces women’s subjective well-being to a certain extent, but this effect turns into a positive one under the moderating effect of cross-generational care. China’s family culture weakens the negative impact of the increase in working hours of women to a certain extent.

scholarly journals How do slums change the relationship between urbanization and the carbon intensity of well-being?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. e0189024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Alexander McGee ◽  
Christina Ergas ◽  
Patrick Trent Greiner ◽  
Matthew Thomas Clement
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Economic Development and Gender Equality: Is There a Gender Kuznets Curve?

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Eastin ◽  
Aseem Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Female Labor ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

This research note examines the relationship between economic development and gender equality. Drawing on the concept of the Kuznets curve, the authors hypothesize that the relationship between economic development and gender inequality is curvilinear (S shaped), with three distinct stages. In the first stage, economic development improves gender equality because it enables greater female labor-force participation. An independent income stream increases women's intrahousehold bargaining power. The opportunity to develop human capital confers greater political and social recognition. In the second stage, labor-force stratification and gender discrimination encourage divergent male/female income trajectories, which decrease the opportunity costs of female labor-force withdrawal and lend traction to social resistance against burgeoning gender norms. Consequently, there is a deceleration in initial equality gains. In the final stage, gender equality again improves, as greater educational participation and technological advancement provide new employment opportunities for women, increase the opportunity costs of staying home, and encourage the evolution of new social institutions and norms that overcome prior discriminatory practices. The authors find support for this argument in statistical tests of the relationship between economic development and gender equality on a panel of 146 developing countries for the period 1980–2005. They employ four indicators that reflect distinct dimensions of women's political, social, and economic status. They find economic development positively influences gender equality when per capita incomes are below $8,000–$10,000. These equality gains level off or decline slightly in the second stage, from $8,000–10,000 to about $25,000–$30,000. Beyond this level, economic development is again associated with improvements in gender equality. The key implication is that the effect of economic development on gender equality is contingent on the level of development. Policymakers and social activists should develop policy correctives to ensure that economic development confers improvements in gender equality across phases of development.

scholarly journals Balancing Work and Life When Self-Employed: The Role of Business Characteristics, Time Demands, and Gender Contexts

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Hagqvist ◽  
Susanna Toivanen ◽  
Claudia Bernhard-Oettel
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Contextual Risk ◽  
European Working ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Time Demands

This study explores individual and contextual risk factors in relation to work interfering with private life (WIL) and private life interfering with work (LIW) among self-employed men and women across European countries. It also studies the relationship between interference (LIW and WIL) and well-being among self-employed men and women. Drawing on data from the fifth round of the European Working Conditions Survey, a sample of self-employed men and women with active businesses was extracted. After applying multilevel regressions, results show that although business characteristics are important, the most evident risk factor for WIL and LIW is time demands. Both time demands and business characteristics also seem to be important factors in relation to gender differences in level of interference. There is a relationship between well-being and both WIL and LIW, and time demands is again an important factor. Gender equality in the labor market did not relate to level of interference, nor did it affect the relationship between interference and well-being. However, in gender-separated analyses, LIW and LIW interacted with gender equality in the labor market in different ways for women’s and men’s well-being. In conclusion, gender relations are important in interference and how interference relates to well-being.

scholarly journals Women's Participation in Labor Force in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): A Review of Determinants and Impacts

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Victoria Matatio Elia Guli ◽  
Nigatu Regassa Geda
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Women's Labor ◽  
Gainful Employment ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Women's Labor Force Participation

Background: In the last few decades, there has been a significant increase in women's participation in gainful employment in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This scooping review has primarily aimed at assessing the key determinants and effects of women's involvement in the labor force in SSA. Methods: The authors did the review based on 19 articles selected from PubMed and goggle search. The selection considered only those published in the last 15 years, conducted based on large sample from Sub-Saharan African countries, and those exclusively related to women’s Labor Force Participation (LFP). More than 80% of the reviewed studies (16 of the 19) employed a cross-sectional study design with quantitative approaches. Results: The review witnessed that women's labor force participation in SSA is determined by various individual, household, and community characteristics. Women with lower fertility, living in poor economic condition (low wealth quantiles), and those with above primary education were more likely to participate in gainful employment. Other demographic factors explaining why some women participate in the labor force more often than others include women's age, marital status, number of under-five children, household size, and headship. Among the community variables, living in areas with better infrastructure (transport and communication) increased the likelihood of women’s participation in gainful employment. Nearly all studies showed significant positive impacts of women's labor force participation on several domains of women's life and household well-being, such as on women's nutrition, childcare, and health service utilization. Conclusion: The review implies that despite concerns about some adverse impacts of women's participation in gainful employment (such as on childcare), most of the studies indicated positive effects of LFP on women's and children's health, nutrition, and overall household well-being in SSA.

The Relationship Between Hearing Loss Self-Management and Hearing Aid Benefit and Satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Convery ◽  
Gitte Keidser ◽  
Louise Hickson ◽  
Carly Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Hearing Aid Benefit ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Hearing loss self-management refers to the knowledge and skills people use to manage the effects of hearing loss on all aspects of their daily lives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-reported hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Method Thirty-seven adults with hearing loss, all of whom were current users of bilateral hearing aids, participated in this observational study. The participants completed self-report inventories probing their hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between individual domains of hearing loss self-management and hearing aid benefit and satisfaction. Results Participants who reported better self-management of the effects of their hearing loss on their emotional well-being and social participation were more likely to report less aided listening difficulty in noisy and reverberant environments and greater satisfaction with the effect of their hearing aids on their self-image. Participants who reported better self-management in the areas of adhering to treatment, participating in shared decision making, accessing services and resources, attending appointments, and monitoring for changes in their hearing and functional status were more likely to report greater satisfaction with the sound quality and performance of their hearing aids. Conclusion Study findings highlight the potential for using information about a patient's hearing loss self-management in different domains as part of clinical decision making and management planning.

Different Future Time Perspectives Interplay in Predicting Life Satisfaction

GeroPsych ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjie Lu ◽  
Angel Y. Li ◽  
Helene H. Fung ◽  
Klaus Rothermund ◽  
Frieder R. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Time Perspective ◽  
Hong Kong Chinese ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
Time Extension ◽  
Future Self ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study addresses prior mixed findings on the relationship between future time perspective (FTP) and well-being as well as examines the associations between three aspects of FTP and life satisfaction in the health and friendship domains. 159 Germans, 97 US Americans, and 240 Hong Kong Chinese, aged 19–86 years, completed a survey on future self-views (valence) and life satisfaction. They also reported the extent to which they perceived future time as expanded vs. limited (time extension) and meaningful (openness). Findings revealed that individuals with more positive future self-views had higher satisfaction. However, those who perceived their future as more meaningful or perceived more time in their future reported higher satisfaction even when future self-views were less positive.

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