scholarly journals From Power to Legitimacy—Explaining Historical and Contemporary Water Conflict at Yesa Reservoir (Spain) and Gross Reservoir (USA) Using Path Dependency

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9305
Author(s):  
Laura Turley
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Path Dependency ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Water Conflict ◽  
Dominant Mechanism ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
Legitimacy Crisis

Conflict over new dams and reservoirs is well-studied, but less is known about controversies over the reoperation of existing water infrastructure. This paper presents two cases of reoperation that have been embroiled in conflict: the Gross Reservoir Expansion Project in Colorado, United States, and the Yesa Reservoir Regrowth project in Aragon and Navarra, Spain. A historical analysis of each of the cases relies on process tracing, reaching back to their construction in the 1950s up to present day, and a cross-case comparison distills findings on the causes of historical and contemporary conflict. The paper adds empirical evidence to the phenomenon of path dependency, and argues that a transition of the dominant mechanism of institutional reproduction occurs in the cases—from power to legitimacy—which in turn informs us about the historical and present-day conflicts. We find that through the contemporary reoperation, water service providers are experiencing a legitimacy crisis related to the quickly-evolving values of water users, and their access to competing sources of knowledge and expertise.

Taking the road less taken: reorienting the state for periurban water security

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Narain ◽  
Pranay Ranjan ◽  
Sumit Vij ◽  
Aman Dewan
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Research Process ◽  
The State ◽  
The Road ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Building Community

This paper describes the intervention strategy to improve water security in Sultanpur, a village in periurban Gurgaon, India. Most approaches to improving natural resource management in periurban contexts focus on mobilising the community; little attention is paid to reorienting the state or strengthening the user-bureaucracy interface. This paper describes the action research process that was followed to reorient civic agencies engaged in the provisioning of water and to break from a situation of distrust and prisoners' dilemma between water users and service providers. The paper argues that the creation and provision of a platform for direct engagement between water users and service providers can be a key tool for improving periurban water security. These platforms can provide support in building community resilience to face challenges such as climate variability and urbanisation, both of which threaten periurban water security. The action research emphasises on building the community's capacity to ask for improved water supply and to negotiate with state service providers, rather than augmenting water supply physically.

Credibility in Carbon Neutral Eco-Labeling

2019 ◽  
pp. 117-153
Author(s):  
Hamish van der Ven
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
Comparative Case Studies ◽  
Public Versus Private

This chapter further tests the aiming big hypothesis by tracing the origin and evolution of four ELOs that certify carbon neutrality or carbon reduction efforts: The Carbon Trust, The CarbonNeutral Company, Enviro-Mark Solutions, and Carbonfund.org. Through comparative case studies and careful process tracing, illuminated by both interviews and primary document research, the chapter demonstrates that the decision to target large firms in global markets explains superior adherence to best practices in The CarbonNeutral Company and Enviro-Mark Solutions. Conversely, the narrow regional focus of The Carbon Trust and Carbonfund.org explains their comparative lack of best practice adherence. The cross-case comparison proves that a focus on the targets of governance offers more explanatory leverage than a focus on public versus private ownership or for-profit versus not-for-profit structure. The chapter concludes with implications for strengthening the credibility of carbon labels in the future.

Content is King? Interdependencies in Value Networks for Mobile Services

2011 ◽  
pp. 68-92
Author(s):  
Uta W.. de Montalvo ◽  
Els Van de Kar ◽  
Carleen Maitland
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Firm Resources ◽  
Value Networks ◽  
Value Network ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
Service Conception ◽  
Strong Position ◽  
To Come

The advent of new electronic platforms is forcing firms from a range of industries to come together in so-called “value networks” for the provision of innovative mobile services. Firms from different industries have widely varying resources, among which content is often praised as being “king.” We are particularly interested in the role of content and of the content providers, respectively, in the process of value creation to bring these services about. Therefore, our analysis is aimed at specific types of interdependencies, relating the actors’ own and others’ resource contributions. To better understand these interdependencies, we draw on theories about firm resources and inter-organisational relations. We analyse the importance and relevance of different resources in a number of case studies of “mobile information and entertainment services,” in terms of the actors’ resources and contributions to value in the provision of such mobile services. In the cross-case comparison, we contrast the power structures in the different value networks and identify similarities and differences in terms of the types of industrial players that assume positions of greater or lesser importance. This enables us to assess the position of content providers in these mobile services, which turns out to be surprisingly weak. In contrast, intermediaries (service providers) claim a strong position by contributing the service conception and design. We conclude with a discussion of the implications for value network research.

Archives in the Study of Public Policy and Administration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Jaramillo
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Time Horizon ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Causal Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sequence Selection ◽  
Definition Of

Archives, including primary documents such as meeting minutes, memoranda, white papers, blueprints, drafts for laws, and acts, are a crucial part of a consistent research inquiry that provide significant understanding of the public-policy processes in public administration. Within qualitative methods for studying public policy and public administration, archives are a key step of the process-tracing method for comparative historical analysis. Archival research is the backbone of any process-tracing exercise. Using archives for public administration studies requires rigorous planning. It starts with the definition of a time horizon of analysis that sets the dates over which the analysis will be performed. The time horizon will also help design the types of documents and indicators needed to identify the decision-making process, along with the goals and the budget performance that will accompany the policy decision. The key elements of time, sequence, selection, and classification of archives in public-policy studies determine the causal process mechanisms within a public-policy process. Identifiers, data-mining software, and sequencing are additional tools for improving classification and interpretation.

The limits of sending-state power: The Philippines, Sri Lanka, and female migrant domestic workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick R Ireland
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equity ◽  
Similar Case ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
Research Interviews ◽  
Female Migrant ◽  
Migrant Domestic Workers

Sending states have taken various measures to protect their female nationals serving abroad as domestics. A most-similar case comparison is constructed between the Sri Lankan and Philippine states’ defenses of ‘their’ female migrant domestic workers (FMDWs), employing process tracing and relying on data from archival research, interviews, policies, and official statements. Existing explanations for sending-state actions stress dependence on remittances, receiving-country conditions, and the democratic incorporation of emigrants. Here, however, a stock of FMDWs with more highly valued human capital attributes, combined with a stronger civil society and greater gender equity, is shown to compel and enable the Philippine state to adopt a more assertive approach than its Sri Lankan counterpart in defending those migrants.‘

scholarly journals Aguas Broncas: The Regional Political Ecology of Water Conflict in the Mexico-U.S. Borderlands

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Water Conflict ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Rio Bravo

Since 1992 water scarcity in the Río Bravo/Rio Grande river basin has heightened tensions and conflicts among water users and politicians on both sides of the Mexico-U.S. border. This article argues that while this situation has been characterized as an international “water war” stemming from a “water crisis,” it is more accurately described as a series of conflicts between regional, binational and national actors generated by a “crisis of irrigated agriculture.” A close examination of the dynamics of these current water conflicts focused on the delta region of the Rio Bravo/Grande reveals a binational ecological consciousness among the agricultural users of the resource, the product of a long history of irrigated agricultural development in the borderlands. The article argues that these conflicts must be understood historically, and suggests that these binational, regional dynamics should be cultivated in the effort to negotiate the social dimensions of the crisis of irrigated agriculture in the borderlands, and to establish a more sustainable and democratic process of water management in the river basin.Key Words: Irrigation; Agriculture; Conflict; Borderlands; Water.

scholarly journals The method of comparative-historical analysis: a tailor-made approach to public diplomacy research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik W. Ohnesorge
Keyword(s):  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Epistemological Perspective ◽  
Comparative Historical Analysis ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Methodological Eclecticism

AbstractIn view of the major methodological challenges which confront researchers in public diplomacy (PD), the paper recognizes the method of comparative-historical analysis (CHA) as an eminently suitable approach for robust empirical studies. The paper starts by exploring different conceptualizations and operationalizations of public diplomacy. Subsequently, four defining characteristics of CHA are identified: (1) CHA starts from a positivist epistemological perspective; (2) CHA-based research usually is concerned with “big questions;” (3) comparative methods are applied in CHA, either across different cases or within cases across time, allowing for in-depth analyses; (4) by considering respective starting points, specific historical developments, and cultural particulars, CHA is committed to methods drawn from historical research, including process tracing and causal narrative. The paper demonstrates that CHA, in view of these characteristics and with its highly interdisciplinary pedigree and methodological eclecticism, is eminently suited for studies exploring PD practices and outcomes. To provide a tailor-made approach for such endeavors, CHA is innovatively combined with the method of structured, focused comparison. Finally, drawing on both the different operationalizations of PD and the requirements of CHA, a comprehensive matrix for CHA-based PD research is presented, offering a tangible framework for future empirical analyses.

scholarly journals Explanatory Typologies as a Nested Strategy of Inquiry: Combining Cross-case and Within-case Analyses

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Møller ◽  
Svend-Erik Skaaning
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Selection Procedures ◽  
Causal Explanations ◽  
Comparative Historical Analysis ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Nested Analysis

Explanatory typologies have recently experienced a renaissance as a research strategy for constructing and assessing causal explanations. However, both the new methodological works on explanatory typologies and the way such typologies have been used in practice have been affected by two shortcomings. First, no elaborate procedures for assessing the general explanatory power of a typological theory on the cross-case level have been devised. Second, rigorous selection procedures for within-case analysis are lacking. Against this background, we introduce a systematic measure that helps researchers assess the explanatory power on the cross-case level, first, within the scope set by a particular typological theory and, second, by investigating the transferability of the theory beyond these scope conditions via an increase in the number of cases. Drawing on recent methodological works on nested analysis, we show how researchers can identify key cases for process tracing based on the cross-case explanatory fit of the typological theory. We illustrate the purchase of our procedures by revisiting seminal studies from the field of comparative historical analysis.

Within-Case versus Cross-Case Causal Analysis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Goertz ◽  
James Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Causal Inference ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Cross Case Analysis

This chapter examines how the qualitative and quantitative research traditions treat within-case analysis versus cross-case analysis for causal inference. In qualitative research, the primary focus is on specific events and processes taking place within each individual case. Leading qualitative methodologies of hypothesis testing, such as process tracing and counterfactual analysis, are fundamentally methods of within-case analysis. By contrast, quantitative research traditionally involves exclusively cross-case comparison. The chapter begins with a comparison of the typical roles (or nonroles) of within-case and cross-case analysis in case studies versus experiments. It then considers how causal inference in quantitative and qualitative research is linked to the use of “data-set observations” and “causal-process observations,” respectively. It also explains the differences between process-tracing tests and statistical tests and concludes by suggesting that cross-case analysis and within-case analysis can and often should be combined.

INSTITUTIONAL ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF OWNERSHIP RELATIONS IN RESIDENTIAL HOUSE MANAGEMENT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alona Babak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Common Property ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Mass Privatization ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Management Functions ◽  
Ownership Of Land ◽  
The Cost

The article provides a historical analysis of the problems of management of apartment buildings in Ukraine in the context of the development of legislation and the relevant regulatory framework in the housing and communal sphere and the practical problems of their application. Therefore, the author's classification of the stages of formation of the institution of private ownership of housing, the development of property relations in apartment buildings and their management in Ukraine is proposed. It is shown that the first stage (1991-2000) was marked by advanced and socially unfair mass privatization of apartments with the backlog of institutional support for the definition of common property, property rights and management functions of the house. The second stage (2001-2015) was characterized by a focus on the creation of associations of co-owners of apartment buildings, the organization of their management, maintaining uncertainty with the ownership of land and buildings, the right to choose service providers, responsibilities for financing major repairs. The third stage (since 2015) was characterized by a sharp increase in the cost of housing and communal services and led to exacerbation of financial problems of saving housing from accelerated destruction and declining financial capacity of households, which was due to institutional shortcomings and miscalculations that were not eliminated in previous stages. It is concluded that it is necessary to further deepen the orientation of both the state and managers of apartment buildings on the cost aspects of the execution of the rights and responsibilities of co-owners in relation to the house, improving relations with housing and communal services providers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document