Circular Business Processes in the State-of-the-Practice: A Survey Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13307
Author(s):  
Tanja van Engelenhoven ◽  
Ayalew Kassahun ◽  
Bedir Tekinerdogan
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Scor Model ◽  
Level 2

Despite increasing global environmental concerns, we continue to consume large amounts of products with little regard to what happens before, during, and after their use. Roughly one-third of the food produced is wasted. Because the world’s population is expected to grow to 10 billion by 2050, adopting circular economy practices will become essential. The transition towards a circular economy requires adopting business processes that support circular economy practices across supply chains. Currently, the SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) model is the most widely used, and widely known, approach for studying and evaluating supply chain business processes. It is, however, unclear to what extent circular principles are included in the SCOR model. Past studies indicating missing processes for circular supply chain management in the SCOR model have made limited efforts in capturing the current state-of-the-practice. We conducted an online survey of 60 companies engaged in 14 different types of economic activities to study the SCOR level 2 business processes adopted in practice. In addition to the 22 level 2 business processes documented in SCOR, we identified six additional level 2 circular business processes that the respondents recognized as being commonly applied within their businesses. The results clearly show that the current SCOR model does not fully represent circular business processes in the state-of-the-practice.

Supply Chain Startups in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1014-1039
Author(s):  
Som Sekhar Bhattacharyya ◽  
Apurva Shrey
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Venture Capitalists ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Business Model Canvas ◽  
Scor Model ◽  
Development Teams ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Supply Chain Operation

Supply chain management (SCM) has become a critical business function. SCM has become such a specialized function that dedicated firms on SCM has emerged. Startups in SCM domain target to reduce the inefficiencies through technological interventions and innovative business models. This chapter focuses on 10 Indian supply chain startups. These startups were analyzed based on supply chain drivers, supply chain operation reference model (SCOR), and using business model canvas (BMC). The case data was collected through secondary sources and analyzed through the cross-case analysis. It was found that the SCM startups were focusing more on transportation driver. SCOR model analysis demonstrated that the SCM startups assisted in operational area of the SCM where they carried out operational activities and decision making. BMC analysis revealed that startups were asset light and resources held by these startups were the financial funding which the firm secured through venture capitalists and software development teams.

Supply Chain Simulation Modeling Using the Supply Chain Operations Reference Model

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Hermann ◽  
Edward Lin ◽  
Guruprasad Pundoor
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Supply Chain Performance ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Event Simulation ◽  
Scor Model ◽  
Supply Chain Simulation

Simulation is a very useful tool for predicting supply chain performance. Because there are no standard simulation elements that represent accurately the activities in a supply chain, there exist a variety of approaches for developing supply chain simulation models. To improve this situation, this paper describes a novel supply chain simulation framework that follows the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model. This framework has been used for building powerful simulation models that integrate discrete event simulation and spreadsheets. The simulation models are hierarchical and use submodels that capture activities specific to supply chains. The SCOR framework provides a basis for defining the level of detail in a way as to include as many features as possible, while not making them industry specific. This approach enables the reuse of submodels, which reduces development time. The paper describes the implementation of the simulation models and how the submodels interact during execution.

scholarly journals Analyzing and Designing Business Processes in the Ghana Cocoa Supply Chain for Supporting Inclusiveness

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12440
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ahoa ◽  
Ayalew Kassahun ◽  
Bedir Tekinerdogan ◽  
Cor Verdouw
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Inclusive Business ◽  
Farmer Livelihoods ◽  
Cocoa Farmers ◽  
Fair Access

Ghana produces 20% of global cocoa output and is the second-largest producer and exporter of cocoa beans in the world. The Ghana cocoa industry is, however, challenged by a lack of adequate decision support systems across the supply chain. Particularly, cocoa farmers have limited access to information, which impedes planning, pricing, benchmarking, and quality management. In order to address this asymmetric access to information and ensure fair access to information that will allow the making of informed decisions, the supply chain stakeholders need to adapt their business processes. For identifying the requirements for better information flow, we identified the existing (as-is) processes through a systematic survey study in Ghana. We then identified the main problems and bottlenecks, designed new (to-be) business processes, and showed how IT systems support and enable inclusive business models in the Ghana cocoa industry. To enable inclusiveness, we incorporated IT solutions that improve information flows towards cocoa farmers. The results show that there are many opportunities (e.g., improving farmer livelihoods and a potential increase in export earnings) in the cocoa sector for Ghana and all stakeholders that can be utilized when there is chain-wide collaboration, equitable access to services, and proper use of IT systems.

Using Supply Chain Operation Reference Model and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis to Measure Delivery Performance of a Distribution System (Case Study: Lotte Mart Indonesia)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Syarif Hidayat ◽  
Sita Ayu Astrellita
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Chain Operation ◽  
Scor Model ◽  
Perfect Order ◽  
Supply Chain Operation

This research was conducted to identify the supply chain model of PT. Lotte Mart Indonesia (LMI) and analyze the performance of its cross dock distribution system using the adjusted Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) model. The products studied were the fastest moving drinks and dairy category.  The first level of performance indicator for Reliability attribute is Perfect Order Fulfillment which has the second level of performance indicators are % of Orders Delivered in Full, and On Time Delivery. The supply chain performance for 3 months in 2012 was good at 74%. The second level mapping found errors in the deliver stock (D1) and deliver retail (D4) procedures. The third level mapping found 4 erroneous procedures in the stock-out goods, receiving inappropriate order, delayed and damaged goods, and a gap between ordered and received goods.  Procedures were suggested to remedy these errors.

Ontology as Information System Support for Supply Chain Management

2011 ◽  
pp. 254-277
Author(s):  
Charu Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Information Organization ◽  
System Support ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Industrial Case Study ◽  
Organization Framework

Information is essential to integrating business processes. An information organization framework formalized as a reference model is proposed. It captures the specifics (e.g., dynamics and uncertainty) and functional requirements (e.g., information standardization and problem-orientation) of a supply chain (SC), assumed as a managerial, dynamic, complex, and open system. An information modeling formalism is presented that captures different aspects of SC information system support (ISS) as follows: (1) system taxonomy, tackling the problem of information standardization and unified presentation, (2) problem taxonomy, aiming to capture SC operational specifics, such as problem classification and modeling, (3) ontology, for representing problem specific knowledge in a computational language, and (4) ontology-driven information system, accumulating the above components in a collaborative environment, where SC members work on common problems. A SC-ISS reference model is introduced covering components of the above groupings. An industrial case study is presented.

A Big Data Framework for Decision Making in Supply Chain

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamalendu Pal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Handheld Devices ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Scor Model ◽  
Mathematical Techniques

The advent of information and communication technologies (ICT) ushers a cost-effective prospect to take care of large volumes of complex data, commonly known as “big data” in the supply chain operational environment. Big data is being generated today by web applications, social media, intelligent machines, sensors, mobile phones, and other smart handheld devices. Big data is characterized in terms of the velocity, volume, and variety with which it produces along the supply chain. This is due to recent advances in telecommunication networks along with centralized and decentralized data storage systems, which are processed thanks to modern digital computational capabilities. There is a growing interest in the use of this large volume of data and advanced analytics for diverse types of business problems in supply chain management (SCM). Such decision-support software applications employ pure mathematical techniques, artificial intelligence techniques, and sometimes uses both techniques to perform analytical operations that undercover relationships and patterns within supply chain generated big data. This chapter proposes a framework for the utilization of big data in SCM decision making. The framework is based on the SCOR (supply chain operations reference) model, which is endorsed by Supply Chain Council (SCC). The proposed framework is influenced by the enterprise potential of augmented reality and virtual reality in supply chain applications, and it identifies key categories of big data analytics applications for the key businesses of SCOR model. Finally, the chapter highlights research issues to extract insight from big data sources for enterprise decision making.

Standard Bridge Engineering Supply Chain Behavior Analysis Using Computer Simulation Technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 3495-3498
Author(s):  
Nai Hsin Pan ◽  
Ming Li Lee
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Bridge Engineering ◽  
Chain Process ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Scor Model ◽  
Performance Evaluation Method

This paper tries to use systematic approaches for analysis and design of the construction supply chain operation model. According to the Supply Chain Operations Reference Model, SCOR Model of Supply Chain Council, SCC in 1996 and based on this model and application to the SCOR Model, this research places focus on the supplydemand behaviors of the Taiwan High Speed Railroad (HSR) construction process as a case study. This paper uses the concept of SCOR Model and appliance to Dynamic Simulation software, namely, SIMPROCESS, trying to assist in establishing a hierarchical model to explore the behavior of construction supply chain process and developing a performance evaluation method which can help improve supply chain management (SCM) of the construction project.

scholarly journals Business process in supply chain integration in sugar and ethanol industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Tadeu Simon ◽  
Eduardo Guilherme Satolo ◽  
Herbert Abude Scheidl ◽  
Luiz Carlos Di Sério
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Supply Chain Integration ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Environment ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Diagnosis Method

Purpose – Despite the increasing interests in supply chain management (SCM) within academy and industrial environment, there is still a lack of academic literature concerning topics such as methodologies to guide and support supply chain integration. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This article presents the application of a diagnosis method in a Brazilian company from the sugar and ethanol industry to identify the level of supply chain integration. The diagnosis method is based on Cooper, Lambert and Pagh reference model for SCM. The method involves nine referential axes established from the eighth key business processes of the reference model. Findings – It was pre-tested and supplemented with findings from interviews with academics and practitioners. Additionally, an illustration application was conducted in three relevant companies. Originality/value – The application results were useful for refining the method that can be considered as a diagnosis instrument to permit companies to evaluate its supply chain integration.

scholarly journals Evaluating Supply Chain Management: A Methodology Based on a Theoretical Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Tadeu Simon ◽  
Luiz Carlos Di Serio ◽  
Silvio Roberto Ignacio Pires ◽  
Guilherme Silveira Martins
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Original Contribution

Despite the increasing interest in supply chain management (SCM) by researchers and practitioners, there is still a lack of academic literature concerning topics such as methodologies to guide and support SCM evaluation. Most developed methodologies have been provided by consulting companies and are restricted in their publication and use. This article presents a methodology for evaluating companies’ degree of adherence to a SCM conceptual model. The methodology is based on Cooper, Lambert and Pagh’s original contribution and involves analysis of eleven referential axes established from key business processes, horizontal structures, and initiatives & practices. We analyze the applicability of the proposed model based on findings from interviews with experts - academics and practitioners - as well as from case studies of three focal firms and their supply chains. In general terms, the methodology can be considered a diagnostic instrument that allows companies to evaluate their maturity regarding SCM practices. From this diagnosis, firms can identify and implement activities to improve degree of adherence to the reference model and achieve SCM benefits. The methodology aims to contribute to SCM theory development. It is an initial, but structured, reference for translating a theoretical approach into practical aspects.

scholarly journals Operational supply chain risk identification and prioritization from SCOR model

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenifer Ramos Ríos ◽  
Diego Fernando Manotas Duque ◽  
Juan Carlos Osorio Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Risk Prioritization ◽  
Scor Model ◽  
Collaborative Analysis ◽  
Definition Of

Objective: This study aims to propose a methodology that identifies and prioritizes the operational risk factors in a supply chain (SC) to provide a tool according to the process-based SC approach that is useful for risk assessment throughout the SC. Materials and methods: Risk identification was conducted by a scenario analysis, which linked the risk factors with the standard key performance indicators (KPIs) of the processes and logistics activities proposed by the supply chain operational reference model (SCORM o SCOR). These influence relationships were quantified using a proposed scale, and then, the risk factors were prioritized by the definition of their influence levels. This approach was applied to a real SC. Results and discussion: Twenty risk factors were clearly and effectively identified, analyzed and prioritized, and priority was given to those with the highest influence level, which can be understood as the risk factors that have a larger capacity to negatively affect SC performance. Conclusions: The methodology allows the identification of the most influential risk factors in a SC, and as it is based on a standard model, it fosters a collaborative analysis among its echelons. The main contributions of this paper are the risk identification by means of the KPIs of the SCOR model and the measurement of their influence levels, which is a new and useful feature for risk prioritization.

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