scholarly journals Biomass Valorization to Bioenergy: Assessment of Biomass Residues’ Availability and Bioenergy Potential in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13806
Author(s):  
Uchechukwu Stella Ezealigo ◽  
Blessing Nonye Ezealigo ◽  
Francis Kemausuor ◽  
Luke Ekem Kweku Achenie ◽  
Azikiwe Peter Onwualu
Keyword(s):  
Resource Availability ◽  
Cellulosic Ethanol ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Biomass Valorization ◽  
Electricity Crisis ◽  
Technical Potential ◽  
Using Data

The bioenergy sector in Nigeria currently lacks a proper assessment of resource availability. In this study, we investigated the bioenergy potential of agricultural residues and municipal solid and liquid waste using data from 2008 to 2018, and we applied a computational and analytical approach with mild assumptions. The technical potential for the production of cellulosic ethanol and biogas was estimated from the available biomass. It was discovered that higher energy was generated from biogas than cellulosic ethanol for the same type of residue. The available crop residue technical potential of 84 Mt yielded cellulosic ethanol and biogas of 14,766 ML/yr (8 Mtoe) and 15,014 Mm3/yr (13 Mtoe), respectively. Biogas has diverse applications ranging from heat to electric power generation and therefore holds great potential in solving the current electricity crisis in Nigeria. It will also position the nation towards achieving the 7th sustainable development goal (SDG 7) on clean and affordable energy.

scholarly journals Perception and Preference for Home-Based Telework in the COVID-19 Era: A Gender-Based Analysis in Hanoi, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3179
Author(s):  
Minh Hieu Nguyen ◽  
Jimmy Armoogum
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Using Data

The rapid and widespread of COVID-19 has caused severe multifaceted effects on society but differently in women and men, thereby preventing the achievement of gender equality (the 5th sustainable development goal of the United Nations). This study, using data of 355 teleworkers collected in Hanoi (Vietnam) during the first social distancing period, aims at exploring how (dis)similar factors associated with the perception and the preference for more home-based telework (HBT) for male teleworkers versus female peers are. The findings show that 56% of female teleworkers compared to 45% of male counterparts had a positive perception of HBT within the social distancing period and 63% of women desired to telework more in comparison with 39% of men post-COVID-19. Work-related factors were associated with the male perception while family-related factors influenced the female perception. There is a difference in the effects of the same variables (age and children in the household) on the perception and the preference for HBT for females. For women, HBT would be considered a solution post-COVID-19 to solve the burden existing pre-COVID-19 and increasing in COVID-19. Considering gender inequality is necessary for the government and authorities to lessen the adverse effects of COVID-19 on the lives of citizens, especially female ones, in developing countries.

Cellulosic Ethanol from Agricultural Residues

MTZ worldwide ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Rarbach ◽  
Yvonne Söltl
Keyword(s):  
Cellulosic Ethanol ◽  
Agricultural Residues

scholarly journals A Systems Engineering Framework for Bioeconomic Transitions in a Sustainable Development Goal Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6650
Author(s):  
Erika Palmer ◽  
Robert Burton ◽  
Cecilia Haskins
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Sustainable Development Goal ◽  
Stakeholder Perspectives ◽  
Process Framework ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Using Data ◽  
International Strategies

To address sustainable development goals (SDGs), national and international strategies have been increasingly interested in the bioeconomy. SDGs have been criticized for lacking stakeholder perspectives and agency, and for requiring too little of business. There is also a lack of both systematic and systemic frameworks for the strategic planning of bioeconomy transitions. Using a systems engineering approach, we seek to address this with a process framework to bridge bioeconomy transitions by addressing SDGs. In this methodology paper, we develop a systems archetype mapping framework for sustainable bioeconomy transitions, called MPAST: Mapping Problem Archetypes to Solutions for Transitions. Using this framework with sector-specific stakeholder data facilitates the establishment of the start (problem state) and end (solution state) to understand and analyze sectorial transitions to the bioeconomy. We apply the MPAST framework to the case of a Norwegian agricultural bioeconomy transition, using data from a survey of the Norwegian agricultural sector on transitioning to a bioeconomy. The results of using this framework illustrate how visual mapping methods can be combined as a process, which we then discuss in the context of SDG implementation.

Electric Conductivity and Power of Hydrogen Value of Processed Seawater Using a Distillation Tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Muliyadi Muliyadi ◽  
Idayani Sangadjisowohy
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Data Processing Software ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Distillation Equipment

Water pollution in the coastal areas of Ternate has shown a serious increase. It can be seen from the amount of garbage and the appearance of water turbidity in areas near residential areas. Based on a preliminary study, several residents behind the mountain also complained about the brackishness of their wells due to seawater intrusion. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the distillation method on decreasing the value of electrical conductivity and power of hydrogen (pH) in seawater. This research is an experimental study with a post-test only group control design with a sample of 10 litres of liquid waste from three places, namely Muara Maliaro, Muara Pasar Sayur, Muara Pelabuhan Besar. The results of this study were processed using data processing software with paired T-test and Wilcoxon. The average value of DHL in samples 1, 2, 3 after distillation was carried out successively was 116 mhos/cm, 109.33 mhos/cm, 109.66 mhos/cm. The average pH value in samples 1, 2, 3 after distillation in all samples have shown normal values ​​with an average of  7. There is a difference in the DHL value before and after distillation with the Sig value (2-tailed), which is <0.05. There is a different pH value before and after distillation with the Sig value (2-tailed) <0.05. Distillation equipment can reduce the value of electrical conductivity and pH in seawater.

The Use of Crop Residues for Board-making

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Poo Chow
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Peanut Hulls ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
The Future ◽  
Better Than

The current environmental pollution problems created by burning and dumping agricultural residues, together with concern for the conservation of future forest resources, have engendered interest in finding utilization outlets in building-board manufacture for the large amounts of crop residues that are produced annually. Experimental boards were made from corncobs, corn-stalks (Zea mays), peanut-hulls (Arachis hypogaed), sunflower seed-hulls (Helianthus annuus), and spent instant coffee-grounds (Coffea arabica). In general, most of the residues alone, and mixtures of either a wood waste and a crop residue or two different crop residues, produced composite boards having properties comparable with or better than those of boards made from conventional wood materials. However, boards made from spent coffee-grounds or sunflower seed-hulls can only be used as vertical, installed decorative items.The utilization of crop residues for the production of useful board products will not only provide an acceptable disposal method for those who produce the residues, but will also reduce pressures on future forest resources. In looking to the future, it seems clear that the reasons for improving the environment and for extending the future wood supply, will soon outweigh the objection to using crop residues for board production which involve high collecting and handling costs.

scholarly journals Derivation of Crop Residue Feedstock Supply Curves Using Geographic Information Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayk Khachatryan ◽  
Eric L. Jessup ◽  
Ken Casavant
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Cellulosic Ethanol ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Network Analyst

This paper reports on the availability, collection and transportation costs of agricultural crop residue for cellulosic ethanol processing in the state of Washington using Geographic Information Systems. The GIS Network Analyst extension toolset is employed to map and spatially analyze the crop residue available within given distances/haul zones for 12 eastern counties. Using census feature classification codes, driving speed limits were assigned to all road segments to calculate haul times to a specific biorefinery location. The feedstock farm gate cost, transportation costs, resource availability and geographic distribution were incorporated to derive feedstock supply curves. To better understand how variation in transportation costs affects the feedstock delivered costs, a sensitivity analysis is conducted incorporating a range of diesel prices.

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