scholarly journals Chiral Auxiliaries and Chirogenesis II

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1157
Author(s):  
Victor Borovkov
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Chiral Auxiliaries ◽  
Living Organisms

Chirality is an inevitable property of our Universe, having an enormous impact in different fields, ranging from nuclear physics and astronomy to living organisms and human beings [...]

Water Pollution and Its Impact on Environment of Society

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Thyagaraju
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Biological Entities ◽  
Micro Organisms

The present seminar paper mainly highlight  the concept of  water pollution, causes of water pollution,  Its Effects, Elements of  pollutants, Methods  used to prevent the water pollution in environment  and the mandatory initiatives taken by the concerned authorities for prevention of  water pollution. Water   is essential for survival of all living organisms on the earth. Thus for human beings and plants to survive on land, water should be easily accessible. The term “Pollution” is generally refers to addition of any foreign body either living or non – living or deletion of anything that naturally exists. The basic Sources of Water pollution causes due to Culmination into lakes, rivers, ponds, seas, oceans etc. Domestic drainage and sanitary waste, Industrial drainage and sewage, Industrial waste from factories, Dumping of domestic garbage, Immersion of Idols made of plaster of Paris, Excess use of Insecticides , pesticides, fungicides, Chemical fertilizers, Soil erosion during heavy rains and floods, Natural disasters, tsunami etc. General pollutants  which are also caused for water pollution  which include Organic, Inorganic, and Biological entities, Insecticides, Pesticides, Disinfectants ,Detergents, Industrial solvents, Acids, Ammonia fertilizers, heavy metals, Harmful bacteria, Virus, Micro –Organisms and worms, Toxic chemicals. Agricultural lands become infertile and thereby production also drops, Spread of epidemic diseases like Cholera, Dysentery, Typhoid, Diarrhea, Hepatitis, Jaundice etc. The  basic responsibility of the Government, NGOs, National Pioneer scientific Research Institutions may conduct  research oriented programs on control of water pollution by create  awareness among the public through mass media and Environmental Education on recycling units,  and  water treatment plants must be established both at domestic levels and Industry levels, Every citizen must feel responsible to control water pollution. There have been many water pollution prevention acts that have been set up by the governments of the world. But these are not enough for permanent water pollution solutions. Each of us needs to take up the responsibility and do something at an everyday at individual level. Otherwise we can’t survive in a society forever in a future. 

scholarly journals Preservation, Characterization and Exploitation of Microbial Biodiversity: The Perspective of the Italian Network of Culture Collections

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana De Vero ◽  
Maria Beatrice Boniotti ◽  
Marilena Budroni ◽  
Pietro Buzzini ◽  
Stefano Cassanelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Beings ◽  
Microbial Biodiversity ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Biological Resource Centres ◽  
Microbial Resources ◽  
Ecological Habitat ◽  
Living Organisms

Microorganisms represent most of the biodiversity of living organisms in every ecological habitat. They have profound effects on the functioning of any ecosystem, and therefore on the health of our planet and of human beings. Moreover, microorganisms are the main protagonists in food, medical and biotech industries, and have several environmental applications. Accordingly, the characterization and preservation of microbial biodiversity are essential not only for the maintenance of natural ecosystems but also for research purposes and biotechnological exploitation. In this context, culture collections (CCs) and microbial biological resource centres (mBRCs) are crucial for the safeguarding and circulation of biological resources, as well as for the progress of life sciences. This review deals with the expertise and services of CCs, in particular concerning preservation and characterization of microbial resources, by pointing to the advanced approaches applied to investigate a huge reservoir of microorganisms. Data sharing and web services as well as the tight interconnection between CCs and the biotechnological industry are highlighted. In addition, guidelines and regulations related to quality management systems (QMSs), biosafety and biosecurity issues are discussed according to the perspectives of CCs and mBRCs.

Biology and the Origins of the English Jury

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Donahue
Keyword(s):  
Human Beings ◽  
Biological Analogy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
History Of Institutions

The history of institutions is plagued by the biological analogy. We speak so frequently of the life and death, the birth, growth, maturity, and decline, of institutions that we forget that these words are being used metaphorically. Of course, the human beings who create and use the institutions have a birth and a death, but human institutions have only a start and a stop (frequently a far less precise one than those words might imply), and there is no reason why the periods between the start and stop need parallel those of living organisms.

Anthropogenic lithium in river and tap water

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Sik Ryu ◽  
Hye-Bin Choi ◽  
Woo-Jin Shin ◽  
Nathalie Vigier
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Industrial Products ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
Li Isotope ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Li Content

<p>During the last two decades, the use of lithium (Li) has dramatically increased due to the proliferation of mobile electronic devices and the diversification of electric-powered vehicles. While Li can exert a toxic effect on living organisms and human beings, few studies have investigated the impact of anthropogenic inputs on Li content in the environment. Here we report Li concentrations and Li isotope compositions of river, waste and tap water, and industrial products from the metropolitan city of Seoul. Results show that the large increase in population density in Seoul is accompanied by a large enrichment in riverine Li content and that Li isotopes evidence a major release from Li-rich industrial products. Water treatment protocols are also shown to be inefficient for Li. Our study therefore highlights the need for a global Li survey and adequate solutions for minimizing their impact on ecosystems and city dwellers.</p>

The Mechanisms of the Trapping Effect of Artificial Light Sources Upon Animals

1960 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.J. Verheijen
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Light Distribution ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Optical Illusions ◽  
Apallic Syndrome ◽  
Trapping Effect ◽  
Living Organisms

AbstractAttempts were made to find out why insects and fishes can be captured with the help of lamps, why birds fly against lighthouse lanterns, and why in the laboratory phototaxis is preponderantly positive phototaxis. An extensive review of the literature revealed that none of the numerous old and new theories on photic orientation can account for either of these phenomena. Analysis of the abundance of data on the trapping effect of an artificial light source upon insects, fishes and birds has led to the working hypothesis according to which the low illumination intensity of the environment around such a light source interferes with normal photic orientation resulting in a drift of the animal towards the light source. The observed concentration of animals in the vicinity of a lamp is thought to be the statistical result of this drift. Experiments with insects (bees) demonstrated that an adequate screening of the light scattered from the sky, together with the elimination of the reflection of light by the environment really result in a disorientated drift towards the light source, even when this is the natural light source (the sun). Fishes and birds were forced to move towards a lamp under similar illumination conditions. Photic orientation is assumed to be accomplished by the goal-directed functioning of a number of hierarchically coordinated centres. The animal's movements are controlled by optic feedback based upon the normal differences in the intensities of the light stimuli acting upon the respective photosensitive surfaces. During more detailed orientation, fixation mechanisms are put in circuit by higher coordinating centres in response to sign stimuli. The normal values of these stimuli are determined by the normal angular light distribution in the animal's habitat, which is caused by: i. the nature of the light sources (sun, moon, stars); 2. the scattering and absorbing capacities of the media (the atmosphere and the water) ; and 3. the reflecting capacity of the environment. The abnormal feedback resulting from the abnormal angular light distribution around a lamp-brought about by the elimination of the factors 2 and 3-makes the animal deviate from the intended position or direction of locomotion. Moreover, the servomechanisms of lower coordination levels controlling the fixation movements of the eyes become a play-thing of the stimuli from the lamp that are quantitatively supernormal as compared with the adequate sign stimuli which normally activate the higher coordination centres of the fixation mechanisms. In this way these higher centres are more or less eliminated from the orientation process. Under extreme laboratory illumination conditions this results in a forced drift of the animal towards the lamp irrespective of factors which are incompatible with survival. Similar phenomena in human beings suffering from disturbance of the centres mediating eye movements, and in patients with far advanced cerebral degenerations (apallic syndrome) are thought to favour this concept. The implications of the present concept of photic orientation and disorientation are discussed with regard to the current concepts of pho- totaxis and photokinesis, the light trap technique, some optical illusions, and glaring lights in traffic. The tendency among cyberneticians to overrate the performances of life-imitating-e.g. "phototropic"- machines, which trifle with the complexity of living organisms, is criticized.

scholarly journals The Environmental Dimensions of Islam

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Soumaya Pernilla Ouis
Keyword(s):  
Human Beings ◽  
Senior Lecturer ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Divine Origin ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Positive Force

Dr. Mawil Izzi Dien, Senior Lecturer in Islamic Studies at the University ofWales, has been writing about Islam and environmental issues for almosttwo decades. The Environmental Dimensions of Islam is a summary of hisprevious writings presented together with new additions. Izzi Dien is oneof the most prominent scholars in the new discourse of Islamic ecotheology,although he himself seldom refers to other Muslim scholars in this field,which somehow gives the wrong impression that he is the only one amongMuslims dealing with environmental issues.After a short introductory chapter, Izzi Dien discusses in chapter 2"The Environment and Its Components in Islam." This chapter gives aninformative introduction to Qur'anic terminology on various environmentalcomponents and their status in Islam, such as water, earth, living organisms,diversity and biogeological cycles.This Qur'anic terminology is further developed in chapter 3, deaLingwith theology pertaining to the environment. This chapter deals with issuessuch as the question of creation and the unseen and the Divine origin ofeverything: constancy, comprehensiveness, balance, and universal laws innature as the Creation. I sympathize with much of the argument presentedregarding the role of human beings in Creation, i.e., their trusteeship, partnershipand responsibility. This chapter would have been strengthened by adiscussion of the accusations from the environmental movement that themonotheistic religions represent an anthropocentric, and thus problematic,view of nature. For instance, the idea expressed in the Qur'an that God madenature subservient 􀀱·akhkhara) to human beings may be criticized (seeQur'anic verses 2:29; 45:12-13; and 14:33-34), but the author chooses notto discuss this concept at all or to refer to other scholars' criticisms.Another problem is his unusual definition of positivism, a philosophyheld accountable for promoting a hegemonic position of science associatedwith a problematic view of nature. He sees positivism as something thatIslam promotes, as in his view, it implies that human beings "are an active,positive force placed on this earth to construct, improve, and reform it." lnthe Qur'an we read about examples of how people who destroyed their ownhabitat were punished by God in the form of ecocatastrophes ...

scholarly journals Spór o socjobiologię klasyczną

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Łepko
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The People ◽  
New Synthesis ◽  
Living Organisms

“Sociobiology: New Synthesis” is a book written by W. O. Wilson, which in 1975 started the famous dispute about sociobiology. The dispute is the contemporary version of the old one about the nature of man. The issue concerns the factor, which determines the behaviors of living organisms, especially human beings. There were two groups who took part in that dispute. On one side, there were sociobiologists under the leadership of Wilson. On the other, there were left-wing scientists and students connected with the Sociobiology Study Group of Science for the People. In the first stage, the dispute was very intense and political, however, it soon became more content-related. The dispute is not over yet. Both sides agreed for a ceasefire, but they are ready to open it at any time.

scholarly journals Cigarette smoke or exhaust gas from waste incineration – where are more dioxins?

2019 ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Justyna Czerwińska ◽  
Grzegorz Wielgosiński
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Incineration Plant ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Combustion Processes

In Poland, incineration is a relatively new method of waste treatment. Modern installations for waste incineration have two functions: they reduce the quantity (volume) of the waste and are a source of electricity and/or heat. During all combustion processes including waste incineration, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCD/Fs) (well known as dioxins) are formed. These compounds are considered to be extremely dangerous for living organisms including human beings. Dioxins are formed in any process of combustion of solid and liquid fuels in the presence of chlorine, oxygen and organic matter at appropriate temperatures. Combustion processes also occur during cigarette smoking, which is also a source of dioxin emissions. Although smoking has been classified as a less important source of dioxins in the environment, it directly affects our health. This work’s aim is to determine and compare the degree of harmfulness caused by the amount of inhaled dioxins: cigarette smoking or living near a waste incineration plant. Based on literature and experimental data, the concentration of dioxins in cigarette smoke and exhaust gases generated by municipal waste incineration plants as well as number of dioxins absorbed per day by the body will be presented.

scholarly journals EVALUATION AND SUGGESTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION AND ITS EFFECTS IN AZAMGARH DISTRICT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 172-175
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Sharma ◽  
Raj Narayan Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Pollution ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Water Problem ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Living Organisms

English: In the context of the presented research study area Azamgarh district, the evaluation of environmental degradation and its effects, due to the changing activity of variable development between environment and human beings, the current activities only point towards its insensitivity. Increasing problems around our environment such as soil pollution, water pollution, air pollution and biodiversity havoc, future and future crisis on environment and human existence have arisen resulting in climate change increasing natural disasters, drinking water problem, global warming , Increase in incurable diseases of human beings, there are different types of effects of all living organisms including humans, due to which - environmental degradation and population growth and industrialization, rapid urbanization, consumerist culture have considered the basic root of environmental degradation. The following suggestions will be presented by the researcher environmental impact and evaluation. Hindi: प्रस्तुत शोध अध्ययन क्षेत्र आजमगढ़ जनपद के सन्दर्भ में पर्यावरण अवनयन और उसके प्रभावों का  मूल्यांकन पर्यावरण एवं मानव के बीच परिवर्तनशील विकास के बदलते क्रियाकलाप के कारण वर्तमान गतिविधियाँ उसकी असंवेदनशीलता की ओर ही इशारा करती है। हमारे वातावरण के आसपास बढ़ती समस्याएं जैसे मृदा प्रदूषण, जल प्रदूषण, वायु प्रदूषण एवं जैव विविधता का तीव्र ह्नास , पर्यावरण एवं मानव अस्तित्व पर भविष्य के लिए संकट उत्पन्न हो गया जिसके परिणाम स्वरूप जलवायु परिवर्तन प्राकृतिक आपदाओं में वृद्धि, पेयजल की समस्या, वैश्विक उष्मन, मानव के असाध्य रोगों में वृद्धि, मानव सहित सभी जीवधारियों के विभिन्न प्रकार के प्रभाव हैं जिसका कारण-पर्यावरण अवनयन एवं जनसंख्या वृद्धि तथा औद्योगीकरण, तीव्र नगरीकरण, उपभोक्तावादी संस्कृति ने पर्यावरण अवनयन का मूल जड़ माना जा रहा है। शोधार्थी पर्यावरण प्रभाव एवं मूल्यांकन के द्वारा निम्नलिखित सुझाव को प्रस्तुत किया जायेगा।

scholarly journals El derecho al medio ambiente sano como un derecho autónomo en el sistema interamericano de derechos humanos

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-83
Author(s):  
Digno José Montalván Zambrano ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
New Right ◽  
Advisory Opinion ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Right

The Advisory Opinion of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights No. OC-23/17, of 15 November 2017, on “Environment and Human Rights” and the ruling in the case Lhaka Honhat V. Argentina of 6 February 2020, develops the content of the right to a healthy environment from an approach that we could see as ecocentric. This right, as an autonomous right, protects nature not only because of its usefulness for human beings (anthropocentric-instrumental vision), but also because of its importance for other living organisms with which the planet is shared (biocentric-not instrumental vision). This paper analyzes this new right, giving an account of the possible legal philosophical presuppositions that inform it, as well as the possible changes that this new approach may bring to the Inter-American System of Human Rights.

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