scholarly journals Persistence of Anti-ZIKV-IgG over Time Is Not a Useful Congenital Infection Marker in Infants Born to ZIKV-Infected Mothers: The NATZIG Cohort

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 711
Author(s):  
Conrado Coutinho ◽  
Juliana Fernandes ◽  
Aparecida Yamamoto ◽  
Silvia Negrini ◽  
Bento Negrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Brain Abnormalities ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Congenital Infections ◽  
Sequential Samples ◽  
Congenital Zika Syndrome ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Infection Marker

Confirming ZIKV congenital infection is challenging because viral RNA is infrequently detected. We compared the presence of anti-ZIKV-IgM and the persistence of anti-ZIKV-IgG antibodies over 18 months in two cohorts of infants born to ZIKV-infected mothers: Cohort one: 30 infants with typical microcephaly or major brain abnormalities (Congenital Zika Syndrome-CZS); Cohort two: 123 asymptomatic infants. Serum samples obtained within 6 months of age were tested for anti-ZIKV-IgM. Anti-ZIKV-IgG was quantified in sequential samples collected at birth, 3–6 weeks, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. ZIKV-RNA was never detected postnatally. Anti-ZIKV-IgM antibodies were detected at least once in 15/25 (60.0%; 95%CI: 38.7–78.9) infants with CZS and in 2/115 (1.7%; 95%CI: 0.2–6.1) asymptomatic infants. Although anti-ZIKV-IgG was always positive within 3–6 weeks of age, IgG levels decreased similarly over time in both cohorts. IgG levels decreased similarly in ZIKV-IgM-positive and ZIKV-IgM-negative CZS infants. Differently from other congenital infections, IgM would fail to diagnose 40% of severely symptomatic infants, and the persistence of IgG is not a useful marker for discriminating congenital infection among infants exposed to maternal ZIKV infection.

Maternal and congenital infections arising from Zika, dengue and Chikungunya arboviruses in Salvador, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-225
Author(s):  
Alan Oliveira Duarte ◽  
João Vitor Oliveira ◽  
Tereza Cristina Xavier Carvalho ◽  
Lorena de Brito Pessoa ◽  
Cláudio Magalhães Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zika Virus ◽  
Neonatal Screening ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Congenital Infections ◽  
Igm Antibodies

Abstract Background Salvador was one of the Brazilian cities most affected during the 2015 Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed with enrolment of parturients and their newborns. Results Positive IgM antibodies for ZIKV, dengue (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) were present in 6.9, 11.9 and 22.8% of the parturients, and IgG antibodies were detected in 72.3, 92.3 and 38.6%, respectively. No cases of DENV congenital infection were identified. ZIKV and CHIKV congenital infections were observed in 16.5 and 13% of newborns, respectively. Conclusions High exposure rates to the three arboviruses and the identification of newborns with ZIKV and CHIKV congenital infections reinforces the necessity of ZIKV and CHIKV prenatal and neonatal screening in endemic regions.

Identification of Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Congenital and Acute Toxoplasmosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloisa Ribeiro Storchilo ◽  
Giulianne Monteiro Teixeira ◽  
André Luís Elias Moreira ◽  
Taynara Cristina Gomes ◽  
Clayton Luiz Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Infection ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Acute Toxoplasmosis

Abstract Background The diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis can be inconclusive in many cases. Despite the several serological tests developed, the literature on biomarkers that can assist in the diagnosis of congenital an acute toxoplasmosis is limited. The objective of this study was to analyze the immunoreactive profile of Toxoplasma gondii protein bands with the potential to be biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of congenital and acute toxoplasmosis. Methods Peripheral blood samples from women of childbearing age and/or pregnant women diagnosed with acquired toxoplasmosis as well as from congenitally infected children were selected and submitted to immunoblotting for analysis of the immunoreactive bands profile by immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Results When comparing the immunoreactive bands profile for antibodies present in samples from different groups and subgroups, the 150, 18.5, and 16.96-kDa bands were more immunoreactive with the antibodies present in serum samples from the acquired infection group. The 343, 189, 150, 75, and 42-kDa bands showed more chance to be detected by the symptomatic congenital infection subgroup samples, while the 61, 50, and 16.96-kDa bands were significantly immunoreactive with the acute infection subgroup samples. Conclusions The identification of these potential biomarkers can assist in early diagnosis and treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis.

scholarly journals Seroconversion for cytomegalovirus infection in a cohort of pregnant women in Québec, 2010–2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (8) ◽  
pp. 1701-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. LAMARRE ◽  
N. L. GILBERT ◽  
C. ROUSSEAU ◽  
T. W. GYORKOS ◽  
W. D. FRASER
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Seroconversion Rate ◽  
First Language ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Children First

SUMMARYCytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading cause of congenital infection and non-genetic sensorineural hearing loss in children. There are no recent data on the incidence of CMV infection during pregnancy in Canada. This present study was undertaken to determine the seroprevalence of CMV IgG antibodies and the rate of seroconversion in a cohort of pregnant women in the province of Québec, Canada. We used serum samples and questionnaire data collected as part of the 3D Pregnancy and Birth Cohort Study (2010–2013) conducted in Québec, Canada. CMV IgG antibodies were determined in serum samples collected at the first and third trimesters. Associations between independent variables and seroprevalence were assessed using logistic regression, and associations with seroconversions, by Poisson regression. Of 1938 pregnant women tested, 40·4% were seropositive for CMV at baseline. Previous CMV infection was associated with: working as a daycare educator, lower education, lower income, having had children, first language other than French or English, and being born outside Canada or the United States. Of the 1122 initially seronegative women, 24 (2·1%) seroconverted between their first and third trimesters. The seroconversion rate was 1·4 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·9–2·1]/10 000 person-days at risk or 3·9 (95% CI 2·5–5·9)/100 pregnancies (assuming a 280-day gestation). The high proportion of pregnant women susceptible to CMV infection (nearly 60%) and the subsequent rate of seroconversion are of concern.

scholarly journals Persistence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in relation to symptoms in a nationwide prospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerco den Hartog ◽  
Eric R A Vos ◽  
Lotus L van den Hoogen ◽  
Michiel van Boven ◽  
Rutger M Schepp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Memory ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Igg Binding ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Immune Maturation ◽  
Respiratory Complaints ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Assessing the duration of immunity following infection with SARS-CoV-2 is a first priority to gauge the degree of protection following infection. Such knowledge is lacking especially in the general population. Here, we studied changes in Immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype seropositivity and IgG binding strength of SARS-CoV-2-specific serum antibodies up to 7 months following onset of symptoms in a nationwide sample. Methods Participants from a prospective representative serological study in the Netherlands were included based on IgG seroconversion to the Spike S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2 (N=353), with up to three consecutive serum samples per seroconverted participant (N=738). IgM, IgA and IgG antibody concentrations to S1, and increase in IgG avidity in relation to time since onset of disease symptoms, were determined. Results While SARS-CoV-2-specific IgM and IgA antibodies declined rapidly after the first month post onset of disease, specific IgG was still present in 92% (95% confidence interval, CI, 89-95) of the participants after 7 months. The estimated 2-fold decrease of IgG antibodies was 158 days (95% CI 136-189). Concentrations sustained better in persons reporting significant symptoms compared to asymptomatic persons or those with mild upper respiratory complaints only. Similarly, avidity of IgG antibodies for symptomatic persons showed a steeper increase over time compared with persons with mild or no symptoms (p=0.022). Conclusion SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies persist and show increasing avidity over time, indicative of underlying immune maturation. These data support development of immune memory against SARS-CoV-2 providing insight into protection of the general unvaccinated part of the population.

scholarly journals Stable IgG-antibody levels in patients with mild SARS-CoV-2 infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Akerlund ◽  
Katherina Zakikhany ◽  
Charlotta Lofstrom ◽  
Evelina Lindmark ◽  
Henrik Kallberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleocapsid Protein ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Specific Igg Antibodies

More knowledge regarding persistence of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infections in the general population with mild symptoms is needed. We measured and compared levels of SARS-CoV-2 spike- and nucleocapsid-specific IgG-antibodies in serum samples from 145 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and 324 non-cases. The IgG-antibody levels against the spike protein in cases were stable over the time-period studied (14 to 256 days), while antibody levels against the nucleocapsid protein decreased over time.

scholarly journals Comparative Immunoglobulin G Antibody Profiles between Mother and Child (CGMC Test) for Early Diagnosis of Congenital Toxoplasmosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 3619-3622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Gross ◽  
Carsten G. K. Lüder ◽  
Vera Hendgen ◽  
Cornelia Heeg ◽  
Irmtraud Sauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Congenital Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Mother And Child

Early diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis is rendered difficult when specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and/or IgA antibodies are absent in the blood of the newborn infant. Since maternal IgG antibodies can cross the placenta, determination of IgG antibodies in newborn infants has hitherto not been used routinely for the diagnosis of congenital infection. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic usefulness of an immunoblot assay which compares the early IgG profiles between the mother and her child (comparative IgG profile between mother and child; CGMC test) directed against a total cell lysate ofToxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. Serum samples from 97 newborn infants at risk of toxoplasma infection were obtained from umbilical cord blood at birth or postnatally until 3 months of life and were directly compared with serum samples from the respective mothers. Congenital toxoplasmosis was diagnosed only when IgG-reactive protein bands that were present in any newborn serum samples were absent in the corresponding maternal serum sample. Congenital infection was defined by conventional serological assays when IgM and/or IgA antibodies were present in newborn infant blood or when IgG titers rose within the first 12 months or were persistently stable for more than 8 months. Using these criteria, congenital infection was definitely confirmed in 11 cases. Three additional cases were diagnosed based on indicative data. The CGMC test, which was performed without knowledge of the results of conventional serologal assays, had sensitivity and specificity of 82.4 and 93.0%, respectively, and positive and negative predictive values of 73.7 and 95.7%, respectively. When true positives and true negatives were considered, the comparative IgG profile had a ratio of 90.9% true results. The CGMC test thus is useful as an additional assay for the rapid diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis when paired serum samples from mother and child are available.

scholarly journals 2805. Kinetics of Anti-Zika Virus (ZIKV) Antibodies after Acute Infection in Pregnant Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S992-S992
Author(s):  
Mathieu Carpentier ◽  
Stanie Gaete ◽  
Xavier de Lamballerie ◽  
Benoit Tressières ◽  
Cécile Herrmann-Storck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Elisa Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Background The kinetics and specificity of anti-ZIKV antibodies after acute ZIKV infection is not well known, especially in areas where different flaviviruses circulate. The objective of this study was to describe the kinetics of anti-ZIKV antibodies in pregnant women in whom an acute ZIKV infection was identified during pregnancy. Methods Within a cohort of pregnant women living in Guadeloupe and exposed to ZIKV during the 2016 zika outbreak, we identified 65 women who presented with an acute, symptomatic PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection at various times of their pregnancy, with a known date of first Zika symptom. Anti-ZIKV neutralizing antibodies (using a Virus Neutralisation Test (VNT)) and anti-ZIKV NS1 antibodies (using IgM and IgG ELISA Euroimmun® kits) were searched for on frozen serum samples obtained from blood drawn at the time of delivery in all women and at various times between acute infection and delivery in 23 women. Results Patients’ mean age was 30 years and ZIKV infection had occurred during the first, second, and third trimester of pregnancy in 14 (21%), 35 (54%), and 16 (25%) women, respectively. ZIKV serology on delivery samples was positive in 65/65 (100%; one-sided 97.5% CI: 94.4%–100%) women by both VNT and IgG ELISA assays and in 5/65 (8%) women by IgM ELISA assay. In these 5 cases, median time between first symptom and sampling date was 36 days. Results of ELISA assays on the intermediate samples were as follows: IgG antibodies were negative in all 5 samples that had been drawn within 7 days of first symptom and positive in the 18 samples that had been drawn afterwards; IgM antibodies were positive in 10 of the 19 samples that had been drawn within 3 months of first symptom and negative in 2 of the 4 samples that had been drawn afterwards. Conclusion After acute ZIKV infection, IgG antibodies developed and remained detectable until delivery by a commercially available ELISA assay in all women tested. These antibodies were specific of ZIKV, with concomitantly positive VNT results. From these findings, the absence of ZIKV antibodies at delivery would strongly indicate the absence of infection during pregnancy. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Age-associated prevalence ofToxoplasma gondiiin 8281 pregnant women in Poland between 2004 and 2012

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 656-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. NOWAKOWSKA ◽  
W. WUJCICKA ◽  
W. SOBALA ◽  
E. ŚPIEWAK ◽  
Z. GAJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Seroconversion Rate ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Congenital Infections ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Hospital Research

SUMMARYThis study aimed to describeToxoplasma gondiiprevalence in Polish pregnant women and the incidence rates of congenital infections in their neonates observed between 2004 and 2012. Serological tests forT. gondii-specific IgG and IgM antibodies were performed on serum samples of 8281 pregnant women treated at the Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute in Lodz. The yearly seroconversion rate forT. gondiiIgG antibodies was estimated using a mathematical model to determine the dependency between age and prevalence. Mean prevalence of IgG antibodies between 2004 and 2012 in pregnant women was 40·6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 39·6–41·7] and increased with age with a yearly seroconversion rate of 0·8% (95% CI 0·6–1·0,P < 0·001). Assuming aT. gondiimaterno-fetal transmission rate of 30% gave an estimate of 1·80/1000 neonates as congenitally infected. The increased mean age (28·7vs26·7 years,P < 0·001) of pregnant women was probably the most important factor in abolishing the effect of falling prevalence rates.

scholarly journals Different Blood Metabolomics Profiles in Infants Consuming a Meat- or Dairy-Based Complementary Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Minghua Tang ◽  
Nicholas E. Weaver ◽  
Lillian M. Berman ◽  
Laura D. Brown ◽  
Audrey E. Hendricks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Infant Growth ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Complementary Diet

Background: Research is limited in evaluating the mechanisms responsible for infant growth in response to different protein-rich foods; Methods: Targeted and untargeted metabolomics analysis were conducted on serum samples collected from an infant controlled-feeding trial that participants consumed a meat- vs. dairy-based complementary diet from 5 to 12 months of age, and followed up at 24 months. Results: Isoleucine, valine, phenylalanine increased and threonine decreased over time among all participants; Although none of the individual essential amino acids had a significant impact on changes in growth Z scores from 5 to 12 months, principal component heavily weighted by BCAAs (leucine, isoleucine, valine) and phenylalanine had a positive association with changes in length-for-age Z score from 5 to 12 months. Concentrations of acylcarnitine-C4, acylcarnitine-C5 and acylcarnitine-C5:1 significantly increased over time with the dietary intervention, but none of the acylcarnitines were associated with infant growth Z scores. Quantitative trimethylamine N-oxide increased in the meat group from 5 to 12 months; Conclusions: Our findings suggest that increasing total protein intake by providing protein-rich complementary foods was associated with increased concentrations of certain essential amino acids and short-chain acyl-carnitines. The sources of protein-rich foods (e.g., meat vs. dairy) did not appear to differentially impact serum metabolites, and comprehensive mechanistic investigations are needed to identify other contributors or mediators of the diet-induced infant growth trajectories.

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