scholarly journals Masculinizing Effects of Chrysin-Loaded Poloxamer Micelles on Siamese Fighting Fish

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Nattakanwadee Khumpirapang ◽  
Tanongsak Sassa-deepaeng ◽  
Krit Suknuntha ◽  
Songyot Anuchapreeda ◽  
Siriporn Okonogi
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Polymeric Micelles ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Siamese Fighting Fish ◽  
Betta Splendens ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
High Fish

Siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) are freshwater fish that are commonly found in Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries. In the present study, chrysin-loaded polymeric micelles (CPs) were developed and investigated for the masculinizing effects, survival rate, growth indices, and toxicity on Siamese fighting fish. CPs were prepared using a poloxamer. The micelle system of CPs that were formed at a chrysin-to-polymer ratio of 1:2 was found to be the most suitable monodispersed system and exhibited a nanosized diameter (74.2 ± 1.6 nm) with a narrow size distribution (0.288 ± 0.012). In vivo studies were performed using Siamese fighting fish larvae as animal models. In the in vivo toxicity study, the fish larvae were immersed in aqueous systems containing CPs that had five different chrysin concentrations of 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 10,000 ng/mL for 24, 48, and 72 h. Blank polymeric micelles and water were used as controls. The in vivo masculinization effect of CPs with different chrysin concentrations on the fish larvae was evaluated after 5 weeks of exposure. The results demonstrated that CPs with a chrysin concentration of 1000 ng/mL showed a masculinization effect of 94.59 ± 2.76% with a high fish larvae survival rate of 72.45 ± 5.09% and low toxicity. It was concluded that the developed CPs had a significant effect on the sex reversal of Siamese fighting fish larvae with a high survival rate.

In vivo studies of digestion and nutrient assimilation in marine fish larvae

Aquaculture ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 201 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 161-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivar Rønnestad ◽  
Carlos R Rojas-Garcı́a ◽  
Sigurd K Tonheim ◽  
Luis E.C Conceição
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Nutrient Assimilation ◽  
Marine Fish Larvae

scholarly journals Survival Rate and Growth of Fighting Fish Larvae (Betta splendens Regan) Fed on Various Live Foods

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Budiardi ◽  
T. Nursyams ◽  
Agus Oman Sudrajat
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Betta Splendens ◽  
The Other ◽  
Live Food ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Other Hand

<p>Larval of fighting fish (<em>Betta splendens</em> Regan) requires precise live foods for its growth and survival. In this experiment, fish larvae were fed on either <em>Paramecium + Artemia, Paramecium + Artemia + Tubifex, Paramecium + Moina, or Paramecium + Moina + Tubifex</em>. The fish were fed <em>Paramecium</em> from day-2 till day-7 after hatching. There after, the live food was changed according to the treatments till day-28.  Results showed that fish fed on Paramecium + Artemia significantly had the highest total length (12.63 mm) than other treatments (11.86 mm). On the other hand, survival rate of fish had no significant affected by the treatments.</p> <p>Keywords: fighting fish, <em>Betta splendens</em>, <em>Paramecium</em>, <em>Moina</em>, <em>Artemia</em>, <em>Tubifex</em>, larvae</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Larva ikan betta (<em>Betta splendens</em> Regan) membutuhkan jenis pakan alami yang tepat bagi kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhannya. Pada penelitian ini, larva ikan diberi pakan berupa <em>Paramecium</em> + <em>Artemia</em>, <em>Paramecium</em> + <em>Artemia </em>+ <em>Tubifex</em>, <em>Paramecium</em> + <em>Moina</em>, atau <em>Paramecium</em> + <em>Moina </em>+ <em>Tubifex.</em>  Ikan diberi pakan pakan berupa <em>Paramecium</em> dari hari ke-2 hingga hari ke-7. Setelah itu, pemberian pakan alami diubah berdasarkan masing-masing perlakuan hingga hari ke-28.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan yang diberi pakan <em>Paramecium</em> + <em>Artemia</em> memiliki tubuh secara signifikan lebih panjang (12,63 mm) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya (11,86 mm).  Sementara itu, kelangsungan hidup tidak dipengatuhi oleh perlakuan.</p> <p>Kata kunci: ikan betta, <em>Betta splendens</em>, <em>Paramecium, Moina, Artemia, Tubifex</em>, larva</p>

scholarly journals In vivo orthodontic retainer survival - a review

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca Victoria Labunet ◽  
Mîndra Badea
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composite ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Glass Fiber Reinforced

AbstractBackground. Relapse following orthodontic treatment is a constant concern of orthodontists. Fixed retention is preferred especially for the lower arch by most orthodontists.Objectives:. This review focuses on in vivo studies. The main objective is to determine the survival rate of different types of retainer: glass-fiber reinforced composite resin, polyethylene or multistrand stainless steel wire bonded to each tooth from canine to canine in the mandibular arch. A second objective is to assess which of these types is less likely to cause additional problems and the third objective is to evaluate the factors that may influence retainer survival.Results and conclusions. There were 8 studies identified that matched the objectives stated. Curent in vivo studies on survival rate take little notice of the role of the material used for bonding of the fixed retainer. It is not possible to draw a conclusion on reliability of new types of retainers glass fiber reinforced composite resin or polyethylene compared to multistrand stainless steel wire. The multistrand wire remains the gold standard for fixed retention.Although it is a logical outcome that retainer survival is dependent on the application technique, there seems to be no research outcome proving that operator experience, moisture control are essential, nor does patient age or sex have statistically proven effects on survival rates.Adequate studies that involve such aspects should be performed.

scholarly journals In Vivo Activity and Pharmacokinetics of Ziracin (SCH27899), a New Long-Acting Everninomicin Antibiotic, in a Murine Model of Penicillin-Susceptible or Penicillin-Resistant Pneumococcal Pneumonia

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 1010-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erjian Wang ◽  
Marie Simard ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
Denis Beauchamp ◽  
Michel G. Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Immunocompetent Mice

ABSTRACT The effectiveness of ziracin (SCH27899), a novel everninomicin, was at first investigated against lethal pneumonia caused by a penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae strain. A single intravenous injection of ziracin at a dose of 60 mg/kg of body weight given at 18 h postinfection protected 100% mice and led to the complete clearance of bacteria from their lungs. The activity of ziracin was observed to be the same as that of ceftriaxone: the 50% protective doses (PD50s) of ziracin and ceftriaxone were 24.8 and 24.6 mg/kg, respectively. Evaluation of this therapy with leukopenic mice showed that a single injection of ziracin protected 75% of these mice. A delay in therapy with ziracin, which was initiated at 48 h postinfection with 30 mg/kg given once daily for 3 days, resulted in an 83% survival rate of immunocompetent mice. The efficacy of ziracin was further compared to that of vancomycin against lethal pneumonia caused by a penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae strain in leukopenic mice. The PD50s of ziracin and vancomycin were 40.5 and 44.2 mg/kg, respectively. Treatment with ziracin at 30 mg/kg once daily for 2 days (initiated 18 h postinfection) yielded an 83% survival rate and achieved complete eradication of the bacteria. The results were the same as those obtained with vancomycin administered at 15 mg/kg twice daily for 2 days. It is notable that the high survival rates for mice treated with ziracin were associated with effective eradication of the bacteria and rapid recovery of pulmonary tissues from pneumonia. The pharmacokinetic properties of ziracin, ceftriaxone, and vancomycin were estimated following intravenous administration of a single dose of 30 mg/kg to immunocompetent mice. The half-life of ziracin was observed to be longer than those of ceftriaxone and vancomycin (2.3 h versus 1.0 and 0.36 h in the bloodstream and 3 h versus 1.9 and 0.45 h in lung tissues). The areas under the concentration-time curves (AUCs) in lung tissue for ziracin versus those for ceftriaxone and vancomycin were 36 μg · h/g versus 20 and 9.5 μg · h/g. The prolonged half-life and high AUC for ziracin in tissue contributed to its excellent in vivo activities.

Hydrolysable core-crosslinked thermosensitive polymeric micelles: Synthesis, characterisation and in vivo studies

Biomaterials ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (36) ◽  
pp. 5581-5593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristianne J. Rijcken ◽  
Cor J. Snel ◽  
Raymond M. Schiffelers ◽  
Cornelus F. van Nostrum ◽  
Wim E. Hennink
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Micelles ◽  
In Vivo Studies

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Studies on HPMA-Based Polymeric Micelles Loaded with Curcumin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Bagheri ◽  
Marcel H. Fens ◽  
Tony G. Kleijn ◽  
Robin B. Capomaccio ◽  
Dora Mehn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Micelles ◽  
In Vivo Studies

scholarly journals Development and Optimization of Chitosan Nanoparticle-Based Intranasal Vaccine Carrier

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Gao ◽  
Nan Liu ◽  
Zengming Wang ◽  
Jing Gao ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Vaccine Delivery ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Modified Chitosan ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticle ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Intranasal Vaccine

Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide, mainly derived from the shell of marine organisms. At present, chitosan has been widely used in the field of biomedicine due to its special characteristics of low toxicity, biocompatibility, biodegradation and low immunogenicity. Chitosan nanoparticles can be easily prepared. Chitosan nanoparticles with positive charge can enhance the adhesion of antigens in nasal mucosa and promote its absorption, which is expected to be used for intranasal vaccine delivery. In this study, we prepared chitosan nanoparticles by a gelation method, and modified the chitosan nanoparticles with mannose by hybridization. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as the model antigen for development of an intranasal vaccine. The preparation technology of the chitosan nanoparticle-based intranasal vaccine delivery system was optimized by design of experiment (DoE). The DoE results showed that mannose-modified chitosan nanoparticles (Man-BSA-CS-NPs) had high modification tolerance and the mean particle size and the surface charge with optimized Man-BSA-CS-NPs were 156 nm and +33.5 mV. FTIR and DSC results confirmed the presence of Man in Man-BSA-CS-NPs. The BSA released from Man-BSA-CS-NPs had no irreversible aggregation or degradation. In addition, the analysis of fluorescence spectroscopy of BSA confirmed an appropriate binding constant between CS and BSA in this study, which could improve the stability of BSA. The cell study in vitro demonstrated the low toxicity and biocompatibility of Man-BSA-CS-NPs. Confocal results showed that the Man-modified BSA-FITC-CS-NPs promote the endocytosis and internalization of BSA-FITC in DC2.4 cells. In vivo studies of mice, Man-BSA-CS-NPs intranasally immunized showed a significantly improvement of BSA-specific serum IgG response and the highest level of BSA-specific IgA expression in nasal lavage fluid. Overall, our study provides a promising method to modify BSA-loaded CS-NPs with mannose, which is worthy of further study.

scholarly journals Sustained Release of Levobupivacaine, Lidocaine, and Acemetacin from Electrosprayed Microparticles: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1093
Author(s):  
Jian-Ming Chen ◽  
Kuan-Chieh Liu ◽  
Wen-Ling Yeh ◽  
Jin-Chung Chen ◽  
Shih-Jung Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Fracture Site ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Plga Microparticles ◽  
Low Toxicity

In this study, we explored the release characteristics of analgesics, namely levobupivacaine, lidocaine, and acemetacin, from electrosprayed poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microparticles. The drug-loaded particles were prepared using electrospraying techniques and evaluated for their morphology, drug release kinetics, and pain relief activity. The morphology of the produced microparticles elucidated by scanning electron microscopy revealed that the optimal parameters for electrospraying were 9 kV, 1 mL/h, and 10 cm for voltage, flow rate, and travel distance, respectively. Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry indicated that the analgesics had been successfully incorporated into the PLGA microparticles. The analgesic-loaded microparticles possessed low toxicity against human fibroblasts and were able to sustainably elute levobupivacaine, lidocaine, and acemetacin in vitro. Furthermore, electrosprayed microparticles were found to release high levels of lidocaine and acemetacin (well over the minimum therapeutic concentrations) and levobupivacaine at the fracture site of rats for more than 28 days and 12 days, respectively. Analgesic-loaded microparticles demonstrated their effectiveness and sustained performance for pain relief in fracture injuries.

scholarly journals CẢI TIẾN VIỆC ĐỰC HÓA CÁ XIÊM (Betta splendens Regan, 1910) BẰNG CÁCH NGÂM TRONG 17α-METHYLTESTOSTERONE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 2645-2654
Author(s):  
BÙI VĂN MƯỚP
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Siamese Fighting Fish ◽  
Betta Splendens ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Oxygen Pump ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Male Rate

Cá xiêm (Betta splendens) 1 ngày tuổi được đực hóa bằng cách ngâm trong túi polyethylene chứa 17α-methyltestosterone (17α-MT) ở các nồng độ 2,5; 5,0 và 7,5 mg/L có bơm oxy (thể tích oxy: thể tích nước bằng 2:1), mật độ 150 con/L trong 4 giờ. Kết quả cho thấy, tỷ lệ đực và đực hóa tăng khi tăng nồng độ hormone, với nồng độ 2,5 mg 17α-MT/L cá đạt tỷ lệ đực, tỷ lệ đực hóa là 88,89% và 78,26%. Nồng độ 5,0 mg 17α-MT/L và nồng độ 7,5 mg 17α-MT/L đạt tỷ lệ đực, tỷ lệ đực hóa là 100%. Khác biệt không có ý nghĩa (p>0,05) về tăng trưởng chiều dài và khối lượng của cá xiêm. Tỷ lệ sống 60 ngày sau khi nở là 54 - 89,89%, tỷ lệ sống giảm khi tăng nồng độ hormone 17α-MT trong nước ngâm. Kết quả cho thấy, nồng độ 2,5 mg 17α-MT/L là liều tối ưu để áp dụng chuyển đổi cá xiêm đực. Nồng độ 2,5 mg 17α-MT/L cá đạt tỷ lệ sống, hiệu suất đực hóa cao nhất là (86,22%, 76,81%). Với nhiều ưu điểm như đơn giản, chi phí thấp và có thể áp dụng ở mọi nơi nên có thể sản xuất cá xiêm đực bằng cách áp dụng phương pháp ngâm cá trong hormone 17α-MT với nồng độ 2,5 mg/L để đạt hiệu quả kinh tế tối ưu cho người nuôi. ABSTRACT The siamese fighting fish (Betta splendens) at one day old were masculinized by immersion in a polyethylene bag containing 17α-methyltestosterone (17α-MT) at concentrations of 2,5; 5,0 and 7,5 mg/L with oxygen pump (volume oxygen: water volume is equal to 2:1), density is 150 fish/L in 4 hours. The results showed that the male and masculinization ratios increased when the hormone concentration was increased, with a concentration of 2,5 mg 17α-MT/L, the male rate and masculinisation rate was 88,89%, and 78,26% respectively. Concentration of 5,0 mg 17α-M/L and concentration of 7,5 mg 17α-MT/L reached the male rate, the masculinization rate was 100%. The difference was not significant (p>0,05) in terms of length and weight growth of siamese fighting fish. The survival rate of 60 days after hatching was 54 - 89,89%, the survival rate decreases when the concentration of 17α-MT hormone in immersion water increases. The results showed that, concentration of 2,5 mg 17α-M/L was the optimal dose for converting male siamese fighting fish. Concentration of 2,5 mg 17α-MT/L, fish achieved the highest survival rate, masculinization efficiency respectively rate (86,22%, 76,81%). With many advantages such as simplicity, low cost and applicability everywhere, it is possible to produce male siamese fighting fish by applying the method of immersion fish in the hormone 17α-MT with a concentration of 2,5 mg/L to achieve efficiency economic efficiency optimal for farmers.

scholarly journals MASCULINIZATION OF Betta splendens LARVAE WITH JAVA PEPPER (Piper retrofractum Vahl) EXTRACT THROUGH IMMERSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 985
Author(s):  
Ajie Prayoga ◽  
Ahmad Fahrul Syarif ◽  
Eva Prasetiyono ◽  
Suci Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Siamese Fighting Fish ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Betta Splendens ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Piper Retrofractum ◽  
The One

Siamese betta fighting fish (Betta splendens) is the one of exports comodity of ornamental fish in Indonesia, but the problems of culture that fish is sex ratio of female higher than male. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of java long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl) for betta siamese fighting fish masculinizations through larval immersion. This research was designed by randomized completely design with three treatments of different java long papper doses (0,5 mg/L, 1 mg/L, and 2 mg/L), positive control (17α-metiltestosteron 20 mg/L), and negative control with there replications for each treatments. The treatments of java long pepper doses was given to thirty larvae (D4) through immersion during 24 hours. The research showed that java long pepper extract with dose 2 mg/L obtained the higher male ratio (59,82%) compared with dose 0,5 mg/L (45,11%), 1 mg/L (53,92%), and negative control (23,23%). Java long pepper extract with dose 2 mg/Lincreased the male ratio 36,59% compared with negative control. Java long pepper extract have no effect for survival rate of siamese betta fighting larvae during cultured.

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