scholarly journals Utilization of Non-Living Microalgae Biomass from Two Different Strains for the Adsorptive Removal of Diclofenac from Water

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Coimbra ◽  
Carla Escapa ◽  
Nadyr Vázquez ◽  
Guillermo Noriega-Hevia ◽  
Marta Otero
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Adsorptive Removal ◽  
Microalgae Biomass ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Equilibrium Concentrations ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Synechocystis Sp

In the present work, the adsorptive removal of diclofenac from water by biosorption onto non-living microalgae biomass was assessed. Kinetic and equilibrium experiments were carried out using biomass of two different microalgae strains, namely Synechocystis sp. and Scenedesmus sp. Also, for comparison purposes, a commercial activated carbon was used under identical experimental conditions. The kinetics of the diclofenac adsorption fitted the pseudo-second order equation, and the corresponding kinetic constants indicating that adsorption was faster onto microalgae biomass than onto the activated carbon. Regarding the equilibrium results, which mostly fitted the Langmuir isotherm model, these pointed to significant differences between the adsorbent materials. The Langmuir maximum capacity (Qmax) of the activated carbon (232 mg∙g−1) was higher than that of Scenedesmus sp. (28 mg∙g−1) and of Synechocystis sp. (20 mg∙g−1). In any case, the Qmax values determined here were within the values published in the recent scientific literature on the utilization of different adsorbents for the removal of diclofenac from water. Still, Synechocystis sp. showed the largest KL fitted values, which points to the affinity of this strain for diclofenac at relative low equilibrium concentrations in solution. Overall, the results obtained point to the possible utilization of microalgae biomass waste in the treatment of water, namely for the adsorption of pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Enhanced adsorptive removal of Indigo carmine dye performance by functionalized carbon nanotubes based adsorbents from aqueous solution: equilibrium, kinetic, and DFT study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Hoseini Dastgerdi ◽  
Seyyed Salar Meshkat ◽  
Mehdi D. Esrafili
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Indigo Carmine ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Density Functional Theory Calculations ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Adsorptive Removal ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

AbstractThe present work considers an adsorptive removal of Indigo carmine (IC) dye onto nanotube carbon (CNTs). The pure CNTs were prepared via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method utilizing methane gas as a carbon source at 1000 °C in a quartz tube. The morphology and surface chemical structure of the adsorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nitrogen adsorption/desorption technique, and thermal gravity analysis (TGA). The parameters of the IC dye adsorption, such as initial concentration, contact time, pH, and mass-loaded adsorbent, were evaluated. The kinetic study confirmed that a pseudo-second-order model was best fitted to the adsorption data. The removal efficiency of adsorption onto pure and COOH-functionalized CNTs was 84% and 98.7% at 15 min, respectively. The equilibrium results were fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption capacity of the CNT and COOH–CNT was 88.5 and 136 mg/g, respectively. The reusability of the adsorbents was studied, and after eight cycles, the efficiency decreased to 70%. Moreover, the density functional theory calculations confirmed that the functionalization of CNTs with COOH groups improves the adsorption properties of IC due to the formation of hydrogen-bonding interactions.

Removal of Pb(II) by adsorption onto Chinese walnut shell activated carbon

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-ji Yi ◽  
Jun Yao ◽  
Yun-fei Kuang ◽  
Hui-lun Chen ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Chinese Walnut ◽  
Maximum Removal

The excessive discharge of Pb(II) into the environment has increasingly aroused great concern. Adsorption is considered as the most effective method for heavy metal removal. Chinese walnut shell activated carbon (CWSAC) was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Batch experiments were conducted by varying contact time, temperature, pH, adsorbent dose and initial Pb(II) concentration. Adsorption equilibrium was established within 150 min. Although temperature effect was insignificant, the Pb(II) adsorption was strongly pH dependent and the maximum removal was observed at pH 5.5. The Pb(II) removal efficiency increased with increasing CWSAC dosage up to 2.0 g/L and reached a maximum of 94.12%. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were employed to fit the adsorption data. The results suggested that the equilibrium data could be well described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 81.96 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics data were fitted by pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order models. The result indicated that the pseudo-first-order model best describes the adsorption kinetic data. In summary, CWSAC could be a promising material for the removal of Pb(II) from wastewater.

scholarly journals STUDY ON THE ADSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF CONGO RED BY SYCAMORE BARK ACTIVATED CARBON

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Cong ◽  
Lingling Feng ◽  
Xinlai Wei ◽  
Jie Jin ◽  
Ke Wu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The activated carbon was prepared from sycamore bark by activation of zinc chloride. The absorbing effect of activated carbon on Congo red wastewater is studied. The characteristics of sycamore bark activated carbon were characterized by SEM and BET. The effects of adsorbent dosage, time, and shaking speed on the adsorption properties of Congo red by sycamore bark activated carbon were studied. The isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamics of adsorption were explored. The results revealed that the activated carbon contain a large apparent mesopores. Adsorption efficiency was increased with enhancing the adsorption dosage and time. The removal rate of Conge red reached to 98.2% under room temperature with adsorbent dosage of 3.0 g/L, adsorption time of 120 min, shaking speed of 60r/min. The adsorption of Congo red on sycamore bark activated carbon was followed Langmuir isotherm model and Lagergren pseudo-second order kinetics model. The adsorption was spontaneous, endothermic, and the entropy was increasing in the adsorption process.

Adsorptive removal of Rhodamine B from aqueous solution by nanoporous polydivinylbenzene

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1651-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Jia ◽  
Ningning Liu
Keyword(s):  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Order Model ◽  
N2 Adsorption ◽  
Adsorptive Removal ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Desorption Isotherms ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nanoporous polydivinylbenzene (PDVB) material has been successfully prepared via the copolymerization of divinylbenzene monomers. The nanoporous PDVB was characterized through N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The nanoporous PDVB as an adsorbent was applied for the removal of Rhodamine B (RhB). The adsorption behavior of PDVB for the removal of RhB showed that the isotherm data followed the Langmuir isotherm model and the kinetic adsorption obeyed the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic parameters illustrated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. Interestingly, the spent nanoporous PDVB has excellent regenerative performance through treating it with ethanol. These results revealed that PDVB might be an excellent adsorbent for the removal of RhB from wastewater.

scholarly journals Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue onto ZnCl2Activated Carbon from Wood Apple Outer Shell: Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1696-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bhadusha ◽  
T. Ananthabaskaran
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Outer Shell ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Limonia Acidissima

Methylene blue dye removal from aqueous solution was investigated using ZnCl2activated carbon prepared from wood apple outer shell (Limonia acidissima, biomass waste). Influence of agitation time, adsorbent dose, dye concentration, pH and temperature were explored. Two theoretical adsorption isotherms namely Langmuir and Freundlich were used to describe the experimental results. The Langmuir adsorption capacity (Qo) was found to be 35.1 mg/g and the equilibrium parameter (RL) values indicate favourable adsorption. The experimental data were well fitted with Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo second order kinetic model. Desorption studies showed that ion exchange mechanism might be involved in the adsorption process.

Feasibility of removal S−2 from Kraft black liquor recovery cycle with synthetic adsorbents (Cu-PAC and Cu-GAC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-324
Author(s):  
Masoume Mollaei ◽  
Mazaher Moeinaddini ◽  
Nematollah Khorasani ◽  
Mohammad Azadfallah ◽  
Amirhooman Hemmasi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Recovery Cycle ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Endothermic Process ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Sulfide Ions ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industries

AbstractSulfide ions (S−2) derived from Na2S in black liquor, after the pulping process, is the source of production H2S during of black liquor recovery cycle in Kraft pulp and paper industries. Tow adsorbents (Cu-PAC, Cu-GAC) by loading Cu+2 on powder activated carbon (PAC) and granular activated carbon (GAC) were synthesized to created more adsorption sites and were improved their selectivity for removing S−2 from black liquor with 3 level of sulfidity (18, 20 and 22 %). The adsorbents were characterized by BET, FTIR, SEM, and EDX. Adsorption of S−2 for Cu-PAC and Cu-GAC were fitted well with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm model respectively and both of the adsorbents followed pseudo-second-order kinetic. The results of thermodynamic parameters showed the endothermic process. The removal efficiency results showed Cu-PAC has better performance than Cu-GAC. This is due to the higher specific surface area of Cu-PAC, which has led to more adsorption sites for S−2. By considering appropriate temperature conditions and direct effect of the S−2 on the production of H2S during of black liquor recovery cycle, Cu-PAC will be able to prevent H2S production and odorous the black liquor recovery cycle by removing 79.89 % of the S−2.

scholarly journals Response surface methodology as a statistical tool for optimization of removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution by Teff (Eragrostis teff) husk activated carbon

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsegaye Adane ◽  
Daniel Haile ◽  
Awrajaw Dessie ◽  
Yohannes Abebe ◽  
Henok Dagne
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Adsorbent ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Environment Exposure ◽  
Column Adsorption ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

AbstractRecently, rapid industrialization leads to excessive release of heavy metals such as Cr(VI) in the environment. Exposure to chromium (VI) can cause kidney and liver damage, depressed immune systems, and a variety of cancers. Therefore, treatment of Cr(VI) containing wastewater is mandatory. This study aims to optimize the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution using locally available Teff husk activated carbon adsorbent. The laboratory-based study was conducted on the optimization of Cr(VI) removal efficiency of Teff husk activated carbon from aqueous solution. A central composite design was used to examine the effect of the interaction of process parameters and to optimize the process using Design Expert version 7.0 software. The optimized removal efficiency of Teff husk activated carbon (95.597%) was achieved at 1.92 pH, 87.83 mg/L initial concentration, 20.22 g/L adsorbent dose, and 2.07 H contact time. The adsorption of Cr(VI) on Teff husk activated carbon was found to be best fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm model of the adsorption. Teff husk activated carbon can be used as an efficient adsorbent for removal of chromium (VI) from contaminated water. Column adsorption needs to be studied in the future.

scholarly journals Removal of Pb2+ in Wastewater via Adsorption onto an Activated Carbon Produced from Winemaking Waste

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Alguacil ◽  
Lorena Alcaraz ◽  
Irene García-Díaz ◽  
Félix López
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Studies

This work describes the adsorption of Pb2+ in aqueous solution onto an activated carbon (AC) produced from winemaking waste (cluster stalks). After characterizing the AC using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and micro-Raman spectroscopy, the influence of different physico-chemical factors (stirring rate, temperature, pH, adsorbent concentration, etc.) on its capacity to adsorb Pb2+ was examined. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies showed that the adsorption of the Pb2+ follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and fits the Langmuir isotherm model, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of the AC was 58 mg/g at 288 K temperature and pH of 4. In conclusion, ACs made from waste cluster stalks could be successfully used to remove Pb2+ from polluted water.

scholarly journals Pectin/Activated Carbon-Based Porous Microsphere for Pb2+ Adsorption: Characterization and Adsorption Behaviour

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2453
Author(s):  
Ri-si Wang ◽  
Ya Li ◽  
Xi-xiang Shuai ◽  
Rui-hong Liang ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Texture Profile ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The development of effective heavy metal adsorbents has always been the goal of environmentalists. Pectin/activated carbon microspheres (P/ACs) were prepared through simple gelation without chemical crosslinking and utilized for adsorption of Pb2+. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the addition of activated carbon increased the porosity of the microsphere. Texture profile analysis showed good mechanical strength of P/ACs compared with original pectin microspheres. Kinetic studies found that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption rate was controlled by film diffusion. Adsorption isotherms were described well by a Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum adsorption capacity was estimated to be 279.33 mg/g. The P/ACs with the highest activated carbon (P/AC2:3) maintained a removal rate over 95.5% after 10 adsorption/desorption cycles. SEM-energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum and XPS analysis suggested a potential mechanism of adsorption are ion exchange between Pb2+ and Ca2+, electronic adsorption, formation of complexes, and physical adsorption of P/ACs. All the above results indicated the P/ACs may be a good candidate for the adsorption of Pb2+.

scholarly journals Kinetic, Thermodynamic and Equilibrium Studies on Uptake of Rhodamine B onto ZnCl2Activated Low Cost Carbon

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bhadusha ◽  
T. Ananthabaskaran
Keyword(s):  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Limonia Acidissima ◽  
Carbonaceous Adsorbent

A carbonaceous adsorbent prepared from biomass waste like wood apple outer shell (Limonia acidissima) by ZnCl2treatment was investigated for its efficiency in removing Rhodamine B (RDB). Influence of agitation time, adsorbent dose, dye concentration, pH and temperature were explored. Two theoretical adsorption isotherms namely Langmuir and Freundlich were used to describe the experimental results. The Langmuir adsorption capacity (Qo) was found to be 46.7 mg/g and the equilibrium parameter (RL) values indicate favourable adsorption. The experimental data were well fitted with Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo second order kinetic model. Desorption studies showed that ion exchange mechanism might be involved in the adsorption process.

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