scholarly journals Combined Effect of Different Amounts of Irrigation and Mulch Films on Physiological Indexes and Yield of Drip-Irrigated Maize (Zea mays L.)

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengjiao Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Jinzhu Zhang ◽  
Wenhao Li
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Fluorescence Index ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Set Up

Exploring the effect of irrigation on biodegradable film-covered drip-irrigated maize is essential for sustainable agricultural development in arid areas. These regions, like Xinjiang in China, are home to suitable irrigation and biodegradable films. Through field trials, four levels of irrigation, and two biodegradable films and one common polyethylene film were set up to study the effects of different treatments on the physiology, growth indicators, and yield of maize. The results showed that the effects of irrigation and biodegradable films on the photosynthetic index and fluorescence index of maize reached a very significant level (p < 0.01). The effect of single factor irrigation and biodegradable films on the photosynthetic index and fluorescence index of maize reached a significant level (p < 0.05). The photosynthesis index, fluorescence index, plant height, LAI (leaf area index) and yield of W3M3 treatment had the highest value, when compared with other treatments. The W1M1 treatment had the lowest value. The photosynthesis index, fluorescence index, plant height, LAI, and yield of the W3M2 treatment were second only to W3M3. In addition, the output was only 40 kg ha−1 less than W3M3. W3M2 has the best treatment effect from a perspective of sustainable agricultural development and efficient water saving; the optimal irrigation amount was 5625 m3 ha−1, induction period was 60 d, and thickness was 0.01 mm. The results of this study are of guiding significance for the promotion of the use of biodegradable films, search for suitable irrigation, and development of low-carbon agriculture.

scholarly journals Impact of variety and levels of nitrogen on the growth performance of HYV transplant Aman rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
SK Paul ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
KR Das ◽  
SMM Islam
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Impact

An experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during June to December 2012 with a view to finding out the impact of variety and levels of nitrogen on the growth performance of transplant Aman rice. The experiment comprised four varieties viz. BRRI dhan33, BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan39 and BRRI dhan46, and four levels of nitrogen viz. control (no urea), prilled urea (50 kg N ha-1), one pellet (0.9g) of USG/4 hills of two adjacent rows (30 kg N ha-1) was applied at 10 days after transplanting (DAT) and two pellets of USG (0.9g each) one applied at 10 DAT and the another at 45 DAT/4 hills of two adjacent rows (60 kg N ha-1). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results of the experiment showed that variety and levels of nitrogen had significant effect on plant height, number of tillers hill-1 and leaf area index (LAI) of HYV transplant Aman rice. At 15 and 75 DAT the tallest plant was found in BRRI dhan34 whereas at 30, 45 and 60 DAT the tallest plant was found in BRRI dhan39.  BRRI dhan34 produced higher number of tillers hill-1 at 75 DAT which was as good as BRRI dhan33 and BRRI dhan46 while BRRI dhan39 produced higher LAI in compare to other varieties at all sampling dates. Two pellets of USG (0.9g each) one applied at 10 DAT and the another at 45 DAT/4 hills of two adjacent rows (60 kg N ha-1) can produced tallest plant, higher number tillers hill-1 and higher LAI at all dates of sampling. Among the interaction BRRI dhan34 fertilized with two pellets of USG (0.9g each) one applied at 10 DAT and another at 45 DAT/4 hills of two adjacent rows (60 kg N ha-1) appears as the promising combination in respect of growth performance of HYV transplant Aman rice.Progressive Agriculture 27 (1): 32-38, 2016

scholarly journals Effects of mixing two legume species at seedling stage under different environmental conditions

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10615
Author(s):  
Heba Elsalahy ◽  
Sonoko Bellingrath-Kimura ◽  
Timo Kautz ◽  
Thomas Döring
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Climate Chamber ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Mixture Effects ◽  
Plant Stage ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Set Up

While intercropping is known to have positive effects on crop productivity, it is unclear whether the effects of mixing species start at the early plant stage, that is, during germination. We tested whether the germination of two legume species, alsike clover and black medic, characterized by a contrasting response to water availability and temperature is affected by mixing. We set up four experiments in each of which we compared a 1:1 mixture against the two monocultures, and combined this with various other experimental factors. These additional factors were (i) varied seed densities (50%, 100% and 150% of a reference density) in two field trials in 2016 and 2017, (ii) varied seed densities (high and low) and water availability (six levels, between 25% and 100% of water holding capacity (WHC)) in a greenhouse pot trial, (iii) varied seed spacing in a climate chamber, and (iv) varied temperatures (12 °C, 20 °C and 28 °C) and water availability (four levels between 25% and 100% of WHC) in a climate chamber. Across all experiments, the absolute mixture effects (AME) on germination ranged between −9% and +11%, with a median of +1.3%. Within experiments, significant mixture effects were observed, but the direction of these effects was inconsistent. In the field, AME on germination was significantly negative at some of the tested seed densities. A positive AME was observed in the climate chamber at 12 °C, and the mean AME decreased with increasing temperature. Higher density was associated with decreased germination in the field, indicating negative interaction through competition or allelopathy, among seedlings. Our findings indicate that interaction among seeds in species mixtures may be ongoing during germination, but that the direction of the mixture effect is affected by complex interactions with abiotic and biotic factors.

Hydrogen Commonly Applicable to Medicine to Agriculture: From Molecular Mechanisms to the Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longna Li ◽  
Wang Lou ◽  
Lingshuai Kong ◽  
Wenbiao Shen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Safety Issues

Abstract:: The emerging field of hydrogen biology has to date mainly been applied in medicine. However, hydrogen biology can also enable positive outcomes in agriculture. Agriculture faces significant challenges resulting from a growing population, climate change, natural disasters, environment pollution, and food safety issues. In fact, hydrogen agriculture is a practical application of hydrogen biology, which may assist in addressing many of these challenges. It has been demonstrated that hydrogen gas (H2) may enhance plant tolerance towards abiotic and biotic stresses, regulate plant growth and development, increase nutritional values, prolong the shelf life, and decrease the nitrite accumulation during the storage of vegetables, as well as increase the resilience of livestock to pathogens. Our field trials show that H2 may have a promising potential to increase yield and improve the quality of agricultural products. This review aims to elucidate mechanisms for a novel agricultural application of H2 in China. Future development of hydrogen agriculture is proposed as well. Obviously, hydrogen agriculture belongs to low carbon economy, and has great potential to provide “safe, tasty, healthy, and highyield” agricultural products so that it may improve the sustainability of agriculture.

Film coating of seeds with Bacillus cereus RS87 spores for early plant growth enhancement

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 861-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanchalee Jetiyanon ◽  
Sakchai Wittaya-Areekul ◽  
Pinyupa Plianbangchang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Film Coating ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Vegetative Cells ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Bacillus cereus RS87 was previously reported to promote plant growth in various crops in both greenhouse and field trials. To apply as a plant growth promoting agent with practical use, it is essential to ease the burden of routine preparation of a fresh suspension of strain RS87 in laboratory. The objectives of this study were to investigate the feasibility of film-coating seeds with B. cereus RS87 spores for early plant growth enhancement and to reveal the indoleacetic acid (IAA) production released from strain RS87. The experiment consisted of the following 5 treatments: nontreated seeds, water-soaked seeds, film-coated seeds, seeds soaked with vegetative cells of strain RS87, and film-coated seeds with strain RS87 spores. Three experiments were conducted separately to assess seed emergence, root length, and plant height. Results showed that both vegetative cells and spores of strain RS87 significantly promoted (P ≤ 0.05) seed emergence, root length and plant height over the control treatments. The strain RS87 also produced IAA. In conclusion, the film coating of seeds with spores of B. cereus RS87 demonstrated early plant growth enhancement as well as seeds using their vegetative cells. IAA released from strain RS87 would be one of the mechanisms for plant growth enhancement.

scholarly journals Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)—Growth and Phytochemical Compound Secretion in Degraded Lands under Drought Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2923
Author(s):  
Botir Khaitov ◽  
Munisa Urmonova ◽  
Aziz Karimov ◽  
Botirjon Sulaymonov ◽  
Kholik Allanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Background Field ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Four Levels

Water deficiency restricts plant productivity, while excessive soil moisture may also have an adverse impact. In light of this background, field trials were conducted in secondary saline soil (EC 6.5 dS m−1) at the experimental station of Tashkent State Agrarian University (TSAU), Uzbekistan to determine drought tolerance of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) by exposure to four levels of water deficit, namely control (70–80%), moderate (50–60%), strong (30–40%) and intense (10–20%) relative water content (WC) in the soil. The moderate drought stress exhibited positive effects on the morphological and physiological parameters of licorice, and was considered to be the most suitable water regime for licorice cultivation. Plant growth under the 50–60% WC treatment was slightly higher as compared to 70–80% WC treatment, exhibiting weak water deficit promotes licorice growth, root yield and secondary metabolite production. In particular, secondary metabolites i.e., ash, glycyrrhizic acid, extractive compounds and flavonoids, tended to increase under moderate water deficit, however further drought intensification brought a sharp decline of these values. These results contribute to the development of licorice cultivation technologies in arid regions and the most important consideration is the restoration of ecological and economical functions of the dryland agricultural system.

scholarly journals Performance of hybrid rice grown from separated tillers

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-513
Author(s):  
FN Kamarum Munira ◽  
Md. Parvez Anwar ◽  
Sabina Yeasmin ◽  
Md. Harun Or Rashid ◽  
Mst Farzana Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Field Laboratory ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Plot Design

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July to November 2016 to investigate the performance of separated tillers of hybrid rice variety Dhani Gold. The experiment comprised three times of tiller transplantation viz. 3, 4 and 5 week aged tiller seedlings and four levels of number of tiller seedlings transplanted hill-1 viz. 2, 3, 4 and 5 tiller seedlings hill-1 laid out in a split plot design with 3 replications. The highest plant height was obtained when 3-week aged tiller seedlings were transplanted at the rate of 3 tiller seedlings hill-1. The highest number of total tillers hill-1 and number of effective tillers hill-1 were found when 3-week aged tiller seedlings were transplanted with 5 tiller seedlings hill-1. The highest grains panicle-1 was obtained when 4-week aged tiller seedlings were transplanted with 5 tiller seedlings hill-1. The highest grain yield was found when 3-week aged tiller seedlings were transplanted with 5 tiller seedlings hill-1. The lowest grain yield was found when 5-week aged tiller seedlings were transplanted with 2 tiller seedlings hill-1 in hybrid rice variety Dhani Gold. Based on the findings of the present study it may be concluded that 3-week old tiller seedlings of Dhani Gold should be transplanted at the rate of 4 or 5 tiller seedlings hill-1 for higher yield. Thus present study confirms the potentiality of growing hybrid rice from separated tillers in case of unavailability of seedlings or to minimize the seed cost of high value hybrid rice seeds. J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(4): 507–513, 2019

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Coefficient Studies in Elephant Foot Yam (Amorphophallus campanulatus Bl.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Paul ◽  
M. A. B. Miah
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Elephant Foot Yam ◽  
Positive Direct

An investigation has been made to characterize the local accessions of Elephant foot yam collected from thirteen aroid growing districts and in-depth study on genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient for plant height, petiole length, petiole breadth, leaf area index, corm length, corm breadth, corm weight, cormel number, cormel length, cormel breadth, cormel weight and yield per plant has also been carried out. Genotypic variances and coefficient of variation for most of the characters were remarkably higher than their corresponding environmental variances, which also indicate the existence of variation in genotypic origin. High heritability with high genetic advance in percentage of mean was also observed for all characters. In the correlation study plant height, leaf area index, corm length, corm breadth, corm weight, cormel number, cormel length, cormel breath showed positive correlation with yield per plant in genotypic and phenotypic level. Leaf area index, cormel number in phenotypically and cormel number in genotypic level showed relatively high positive direct effect on yield per plant.Keywords: Amorphophallus; Genetic variability; Correlation; Path coefficient.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i2.13853        J. Sci. Res. 5 (2), 371-381 (2013)

EFFECT OF SOLID AND LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER ON GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF ROSSELLE (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) IN THE NIGERIAN SAVANNAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-439
Author(s):  
K. M. Ladan ◽  
M. G. Abubakar ◽  
J. Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The Study was conducted to evaluate the effect of solid and liquid organic fertilizer on growth and yield of rosselle in 2016 cropping season at Institute of Agricultural Reserve Zaria, Samaru (11011’N 07038E and 686m) and Institute of Horticultural Research Farm Bagauda (12000’N 8031”Em 488m) in Northern Guinea Savannah and Sudan Savannah Ecological Zones of above sea level Nigeria. Treatments consisted of four levels of solid poultry manure (0.0, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0) tons/ha and five levels of liquid organic manure from Grand Total Organic Fertilizer Limited (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.9) litres/ha, which were factorially combined in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Data on growth parameter were collected on plant height (cm), plant dry weight (g), leaf Area index crop growth rate (CGR) Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Net assimilation rate (NAR) while data on yield parameters like number of calyx per pant, 100 seed weight (g) and  calyx yield per hectare kg/ha were collected. Results showed that plant height, plant dry weight(g), 100 seed weight(g) and calyx dry yield kg/ha had a significant increase with application of 2.0 litres/ha of liquid fertilizer than other rates. While application of solid poultry manure at 3.0ton/ha significantly increases plant height, net assimilation rate, leaf area index and calyx dry weight when compared with other rates. From the results obtained, the combination of 2.0 litres/ha liquid organic fertilizer and 3.0 ton/ha solid poultry manure produce the highest calyx yield at both location.

scholarly journals Alternatives to sowing vegetable type soybeans

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edcarlos Mannfredini ◽  
Deonisio Destro ◽  
Martin Homechin ◽  
Gustavo Sachsida ◽  
Édison Miglioranza
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Disposable Plastic

Today, soybean crops of the Tamba Kurodaisu cultivar are sown in beds prior to transplantation to the field. This planting system has caused crop failure due to damage to the root system. An experiment to test different sowing alternatives to obtain plantlets for cropping of food type big seeded soybean was set up with the following treatments: sowing in beds; sowing in 130 cm³ newspaper cups; sowing in test tubes of volumes of 30 cm³, 60 cm³ and 70 cm³; sowing in 70 cm³ disposable plastic cups; sowing on 90 cm³ styrofoam trays. A randomized complete block design was used, and the following traits were assessed: germination percentage; number of days to flowering; plant height at flowering; number of days to maturity; plant height at maturity; number of seeds per plant; individual plant yield; weight of a hundred seeds. Results should that three methods could be used to set up Tamba Kurodaisu cultivar crops: sowing in disposable plastic cups, sowing in beds with later transplant, or direct sowing in the field.

scholarly journals Effect of sowing density and nitrogen top-dress fertilisation on growth and yield of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) in a Mediterranean environment: first results

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Bochicchio ◽  
Roberta Rossi ◽  
Rosanna Labella ◽  
Giovanni Bitella ◽  
Michele Perniola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Salvia Hispanica ◽  
Area Index ◽  
First Results ◽  
Salvia Hispanica L ◽  
Set Up

The demand for sources of nutraceuticals has led to the rediscovery and diffusion of traditional crops such as chia (<em>Salvia hispanica</em> L.), whose leaves and fruits are rich in W3 fatty acids and anti-oxidants. Chia originates in Central America but it is rapidly expanding to new areas. A field experiment conducted at Atella in Basilicata (Southern Italy) was set up to test the response of chia to N top-dress fertilisation (0 and 20 kg ha<sup>–1</sup>) and to sowing density (D1=125, D2=25, D3=8 and D4=4 plants m<sup>–2</sup>) in a split-plot design with three replications. First results show maximum leaf area index values up to 7.1 and fresh vegetative biomass production at early flowering ranging between 50.87 (D4) and 59.71 (D1) t ha<sup>–1</sup>. Yield increased with plant density: a significantly (P&lt;0.01) higher production (398 kg ha<sup>–1</sup>) was reached in D1. N top-dressing had a detrimental effect on yield and corresponded to higher lodging and lower maturation percentage of seeds, though non-significant. Based on our first results it seems worthwhile to continue agronomical trials for chia in herbaceous systems of southern Italy for leaf production based on traditional genotypes, while fruit production might be pursued by adopting high sowing density and the search for longer-day genotypes.

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