scholarly journals Gradual Exposure to Salinity Improves Tolerance to Salt Stress in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Santangeli ◽  
Concetta Capo ◽  
Simone Beninati ◽  
Fabrizio Pietrini ◽  
Cinzia Forni
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Psii Photochemistry

Soil salinity is considered one of the most severe abiotic stresses in plants; plant acclimation to salinity could be a tool to improve salt tolerance even in a sensitive genotype. In this work we investigated the physiological mechanisms underneath the response to gradual and prolonged exposure to sodium chloride in cultivars of Brassica napus L. Fifteen days old seedlings of the cultivars Dynastie (salt tolerant) and SY Saveo (salt sensitive) were progressively exposed to increasing soil salinity conditions for 60 days. Salt exposed plants of both cultivars showed reductions of biomass, size and number of leaves. However, after 60 days the relative reduction in biomass was lower in sensitive cultivar as compared to tolerant ones. An increase of chlorophylls content was detected in both cultivars; the values of the quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII) and those of the electron transport rate (ETR) indicated that the photochemical activity was only partially reduced by NaCl treatments in both cultivars. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was higher in treated samples with respect to the controls, indicating its activation following salt exposure, and confirming its involvement in salt stress response. A gradual exposure to salt could elicit different salt stress responses, thus preserving plant vitality and conferring a certain degree of tolerance, even though the genotype was salt sensitive at the seed germination stage. An improvement of salt tolerance in B. napus could be obtained by acclimation to saline conditions.

scholarly journals Comparison between the Transcriptomes of ‘KDML105’ Rice and a Salt-Tolerant Chromosome Segment Substitution Line

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 742
Author(s):  
Nopphawitchayaphong Khrueasan ◽  
Panita Chutimanukul ◽  
Kitiporn Plaimas ◽  
Teerapong Buaboocha ◽  
Meechai Siangliw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Rice Genome ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Salt Stress Response

‘KDML105’ rice, known as jasmine rice, is grown in northeast Thailand. The soil there has high salinity, which leads to low productivity. Chromosome substitution lines (CSSLs) with the ‘KDML105’ rice genetic background were evaluated for salt tolerance. CSSL18 showed the highest salt tolerance among the four lines tested. Based on a comparison between the CSSL18 and ‘KDML105’ transcriptomes, more than 27,000 genes were mapped onto the rice genome. Gene ontology enrichment of the significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed that different mechanisms were involved in the salt stress responses between these lines. Biological process and molecular function enrichment analysis of the DEGs from both lines revealed differences in the two-component signal transduction system, involving LOC_Os04g23890, which encodes phototropin 2 (PHOT2), and LOC_Os07g44330, which encodes pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), the enzyme that inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase in respiration. OsPHOT2 expression was maintained in CSSL18 under salt stress, whereas it was significantly decreased in ‘KDML105’, suggesting OsPHOT2 signaling may be involved in salt tolerance in CSSL18. PDK expression was induced only in ‘KDML105’. These results suggested respiration was more inhibited in ‘KDML105’ than in CSSL18, and this may contribute to the higher salt susceptibility of ‘KDML105’ rice. Moreover, the DEGs between ‘KDML105’ and CSSL18 revealed the enrichment in transcription factors and signaling proteins located on salt-tolerant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosome 1. Two of them, OsIRO2 and OsMSR2, showed the potential to be involved in salt stress response, especially, OsMSR2, whose orthologous genes in Arabidopsis had the potential role in photosynthesis adaptation under salt stress.

scholarly journals PpSARK Regulates Moss Senescence and Salt Tolerance through ABA Related Pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Gaojing Liu ◽  
Wenzhang Ma ◽  
Chuanhong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Physcomitrella Patens ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Related Pathway

Senescence-associated receptor-like kinase (SARK) family members in Arabidopsis, soybean, and rice are known to be positive regulators of leaf senescence. In the meantime, SARKs are extensively involved in stress response. However, their function and underlying molecular mechanism in stress responses in moss are not well known. Here, we investigated functional roles of SARK isolated from Physcomitrella patens (PpSARK) in salt stress response and senescence. PpSARK transcripts significantly accumulated under NaCl and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments, with higher expression in the moss gametophyte stage. Insertional gain-of-function mutants of PpSARK (PpSARKg) were more tolerant to salt stress and ABA than wild type (WT), whereas senescence of mutants was delayed during the protonema stage. Expression of stress-responsive genes in the ABA related pathway, such as PpABI3, PpABI5, PpPP2C, and PpLEA were significantly higher in PpSARKg and WT under salt stress conditions, suggesting that PpSARK might positively regulate salt tolerance via an ABA-related pathway. Endogenous ABA contents also increased 3-fold under salt stress conditions. These results indicate that PpSARK functions as a positive regulator in salt stress responses, while possibly functioning as a negative regulator in senescence in moss.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Salt Tolerance in Some Canola (Brassica napus L.( Genotypes under Normal and Salt Stress Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (30) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Irandokht Mansouri ◽  
Hamid Najafi Zarini ◽  
Nadali Babeian Jelodar ◽  
Ali Pakdin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Brassica Napus L

scholarly journals OsNAC45 is Involved in ABA Response and Salt Tolerance in Rice

Rice ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Yan Long ◽  
Jingjing Huang ◽  
Jixing Xia
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Nac Transcription Factors ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Plant Stress Responses

Abstract Background Salt stress threatens crop yields all over the world. Many NAC transcription factors have been reported to be involved in different abiotic stress responses, but it remains unclear how loss of these transcription factors alters the transcriptomes of plants. Previous reports have demonstrated that overexpression of OsNAC45 enhances salt and drought tolerance in rice, and that OsNAC45 may regulate the expression of two specific genes, OsPM1 and OsLEA3–1. Results Here, we found that ABA repressed, and NaCl promoted, the expression of OsNAC45 in roots. Immunostaining showed that OsNAC45 was localized in all root cells and was mainly expressed in the stele. Loss of OsNAC45 decreased the sensitivity of rice plants to ABA and over-expressing this gene had the opposite effect, which demonstrated that OsNAC45 played an important role during ABA signal responses. Knockout of OsNAC45 also resulted in more ROS accumulation in roots and increased sensitivity of rice to salt stress. Transcriptome sequencing assay found that thousands of genes were differently expressed in OsNAC45-knockout plants. Most of the down-regulated genes participated in plant stress responses. Quantitative real time RT-PCR suggested that seven genes may be regulated by OsNAC45 including OsCYP89G1, OsDREB1F, OsEREBP2, OsERF104, OsPM1, OsSAMDC2, and OsSIK1. Conclusions These results indicate that OsNAC45 plays vital roles in ABA signal responses and salt tolerance in rice. Further characterization of this gene may help us understand ABA signal pathway and breed rice plants that are more tolerant to salt stress.

scholarly journals Genome-wide association analysis reveals genetic variations and candidate genes associated with salt tolerance related traits in Gossypium hirsutum

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xu ◽  
Qi Guo ◽  
Shan Meng ◽  
Xianggui Zhang ◽  
Zhenzhen Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Background Cotton is more resistant to salt and drought stresses as compared to other field crops, which makes itself as a pioneer industrial crop in saline-alkali lands. However, abiotic stresses still negatively affect its growth and development significantly. It is therefore important to breed salt tolerance varieties which can help accelerate the improvement of cotton production. The development of molecular markers linked to causal genes has provided an effective and efficient approach for improving salt tolerance. Results In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of salt tolerance related traits at seedling stage was performed based on 2 years of phenotype identification for 217 representative upland cotton cultivars by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) platform. A total of 51,060 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) unevenly distributed among 26 chromosomes were screened across the cotton cultivars, and 25 associations with 27 SNPs scattered over 12 chromosomes were detected significantly (−log10p > 4) associated with three salt tolerance related traits in 2016 and 2017. Among these, the associations on chromosome A13 and D08 for relative plant height (RPH), A07 for relative shoot fresh matter weight (RSFW), A08 and A13 for relative shoot dry matter weight (RSDW) were expressed in both environments, indicating that they were likely to be stable quantitative trait loci (QTLs). A total of 12 salt-induced candidate genes were identified differentially expressed by the combination of GWAS and transcriptome analysis. Three promising genes were selected for preliminary function verification of salt tolerance. The increase of GH_A13G0171-silenced plants in salt related traits under salt stress indicated its negative function in regulating the salt stress response. Conclusions These results provided important genetic variations and candidate genes for accelerating the improvement of salt tolerance in cotton.

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