scholarly journals Exergy Analysis of Waste Incineration Plant: Flue Gas Recirculation and Process Optimization

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Giorgio Vilardi ◽  
Nicola Verdone
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Flue Gas Recirculation ◽  
Gas Recirculation

Simulations of two incineration processes, with and without flue gas recirculation, have been carried out performing an exergy analysis to investigate the most critical equipment unit in terms of second-law efficiency. Flue gas from the economizer outlet is employed to partially replace secondary combustion air to reduce, at the same time, incinerator temperature and oxygen concentration. Conversely, in the proposed configuration, the recirculated flue gas flow rate is used to control incinerator temperature, while the air flow rate is used to control the oxygen content of the fumes, leaving the incinerator as close to 6% as possible—i.e., the minimum allowed for existing plants to ensure completion of the combustion reactions and according to environmental regulations—and determines the corresponding minimum flue gas flow rate. The flue gas recirculation guarantees a larger level of energy recovery (up to +3%) and, at the same time, lower investment costs for the lower flow rate of fumes actually emitted if compared to the plant configuration without flue gas recirculation. Various operating parameters were varied (incinerator’s effluent gas temperature, air flowrate and flue gas recirculation flowrate) to investigate their influence on process exergy efficiency. Exergy analysis allowed the individuation of the equipment units characterized by larger exergy destruction and demonstrated that the flue gas recirculation led to an overall process exergy efficiency increase of about 3%.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation on the Evaporation Performance of Desulfurization Wastewater in a Spray Drying Tower without Deflectors

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1022
Author(s):  
Debo Li ◽  
Ning Zhao ◽  
Yongxin Feng ◽  
Zhiwen Xie
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Droplet Size ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Initial Temperature ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Complete Evaporation ◽  
Desulfurization Wastewater

The desulfurization wastewater evaporation technology with flue gas has been widely applied to dispose of desulfurization wastewater. This paper investigates the effect of flue gas flow rate and temperature, wastewater flow rate and initial temperature, and droplet size on the evaporation performance of the desulfurization wastewater in a spray drying tower without deflectors. The results show that the flue gas flow rate and temperature affect the evaporation performance of desulfurization wastewater. The larger flow rate and higher temperature of flue gas correspond to the faster evaporation speed and the shorter complete evaporation distance of the wastewater droplet. Decreasing the flow rate and increasing the initial temperature of the desulfurization wastewater is advantageous to enhance the evaporation speed and shorten the complete evaporation distance of the wastewater droplet. Reducing the droplet size is beneficial to improve the evaporation performance of the desulfurization wastewater. The orthogonal test results show that the factors affecting droplet evaporation performance are ranked as follows: flue gas flow rate > wastewater flow rate > flue gas temperature > wastewater initial temperature > droplet size. Considering the evaporation ratio and the complete evaporation distance, the optimal setting is 14.470 kg/s for flue gas flow rate, 385 °C for flue gas temperature, 0.582 kg/s for wastewater flow rate, 25 °C for wastewater initial temperature, and 60 μm for droplet size. These studied results can provide valuable information to improve the operational performance of the desulfurization wastewater evaporation technology with flue gas.

High Flue Gas Flow Rate Tests for Removal and Recovery of Carbon Dioxide under Power Plant Effluent Gas Conditions

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-761
Author(s):  
Tomio MIMURA ◽  
Yasuyuki YAGI ◽  
Masaki IIJIMA ◽  
Ryuji YOSIYAMA ◽  
Takahito YONEKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Power Plant Effluent ◽  
Removal And Recovery

Wpływ warunków środowiskowych i instalacyjnych na proces wymiany ciepła w wybranych przemysłowych gazomierzach miechowych

Nafta-Gaz ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 828-836
Author(s):  
Adrian Dudek ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Heat Exchange Process ◽  
The Relationship

Since 2016, Oil and Gas Institute – National Research Institute (INiG – PIB) has been conducting new research to determine the relationship between ambient temperature and gas temperature in industrial diaphragm gas meters during the measurement, and to develop new recommendations for billing systems using industrial diaphragm gas meters with a throughput of until 25 m3/h. In the first stage, work was carried out, in which the obtained test results confirmed that the heat exchange process in an industrial diaphragm gas meter depends on the ambient temperature, the gas temperature at the inlet to the gas meter, the flow rate of the gas flowing, as well as the casing surface and the gas volume of the gas meter. In the next stage, work was carried out to determine the relationship between ambient temperature and gas temperature at the industrial diaphragm gas meter connection during the measurement. The obtained results undermined the thesis, which indicated that the gas inlet temperature is equal to the gas temperature at the depth of the gas network. In the last stage, work was carried out to determine the course of changes in gas temperature in industrial diaphragm gas meters as a function of ambient temperature and cyclical changes of the gas flow rate, which were to reflect the work of gas meters installed at customers’ premises. The analysis of the obtained test results once again showed a strong dependence of the gas temperature inside industrial diaphragm gas meters on the ambient temperature, but also on the flow rate of gas. The obtained results of laboratory tests will be used to carry out a thermodynamic description of the heat exchange process in an industrial diaphragm gas meter, which would allow the determination of the gas billing temperature as a function of the ambient temperature, the temperature of the inflowing gas and the gas flow rate. The calculated gas temperature values could be used to determine the temperature correction factors applicable when settling gas consumers billed on the basis of measurement with the use of industrial diaphragm gas meters.

Heat Transfer in the Non-reacting Zone of a Cement Rotary Kiln

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Ghoshdastidar ◽  
V. K. Anandan Unni
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Rotary Kiln ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Steady State Heat ◽  
Steady State Heat Transfer

This paper presents a steady-state heat transfer model for a rotary kiln used for drying and preheating of wet solids with application to the non-reacting zone of a cement rotary kiln. A detailed parametric study indicates that the influence of the controlling parameters such as percent water content (with respect to dry solids), solids flow rate, gas flow rate, kiln inclination angle and the rotational speed of the kiln on the axial solids and gas temperature profiles and the total predicted kiln length is appreciable.

scholarly journals Optimization of CO2Absorption Characteristic under the Influence of SO2in Flue Gas by Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyi Qu ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Yunfei Yan ◽  
Shunxiang Ju
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Flow Rate Ratio ◽  
Absorption Characteristic ◽  
Membrane Contactor ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Fiber Membrane

Hollow fiber membrane contactor is a new, highly efficient, and the most promising technology for CO2absorption in flue gas. There is still SO2that exists in the flue gas after desulfurization tower of power plant. This paper studied the influence of SO2on CO2absorption characteristic in flue gas by hollow fiber membrane contactor with absorbent of EDA, EDA + MEA (0.6 : 0.4), and EDA + MEA + PZ (0.4 : 0.4 : 0.2). The influences of SO2concentration, cycle absorption and desorption characteristic of absorbent, absorbent concentration, and liquid-gas flow rate ratio are studied to analyze the influence of SO2on CO2absorption characteristic. The appropriate absorbent composition ratio and appropriate parameter range that can inhibit the influence of SO2are proposed by studying the hybrid sorbent with activating agent, appropriate absorbent concentration, and ratio of liquid-gas flow rate. Among the three kinds of absorbents, EDA + MEA + PZ (0.4 : 0.4 : 0.2) had the best tolerance ability to SO2and the highest efficiency. With comprehensive consideration of CO2removal efficiency and operating cost, under the condition of 1000 ppm SO2, the appropriate concentration and liquid-gas flow rate ratio of EDA, EDA + MEA, and EDA + MEA + PZ are proposed.

Computer Simulation of Drying of Food Products With Superheated Steam in a Rotary Kiln

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koustubh Sinhal ◽  
P. S. Ghoshdastidar ◽  
Bhaskar Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Rotary Kiln ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Refractory Wall

The present work reports a computer simulation study of heat transfer in a rotary kiln used for drying and preheating food products such as fruits and vegetables with superheated steam at 1 bar. The heat transfer model includes radiation exchange among the superheated steam, refractory wall and the solid surface, conduction in the refractory wall, and the mass and energy balances of the steam and solids. Finite-difference techniques are used, and the steady state thermal conditions are assumed. The false transient approach is used to solve the wall conduction equation. The solution is initiated at the inlet of the kiln, and proceeds to the exit. The output data consist of distributions of the refractory wall temperature, solid temperature, steam temperature, and the total kiln length. The inlet of the kiln is the outlet of the gas (superheated steam), since the gas flow is countercurrent to the solid. Thus, for a fixed solid and gas temperature at the kiln inlet, the program predicts the inlet temperature of the gas (i.e. at the kiln exit) in order to achieve the specified exit temperature. In the absence of experimental results for food drying in a rotary kiln, the present model has been satisfactorily validated against numerical results of Sass [1] for drying of wet iron ore in a rotary kiln. The results are presented for drying of apple and carrot pieces. A detailed parametric study indicates that the influence of controlling parameters such as percent water content (with respect to dry solids), solids flow rate, gas flow rate, kiln inclination angle and the rotational speed of the kiln on the axial solids and gas temperature profiles and the total predicted kiln length is appreciable. The study reveals that a good design of a rotary kiln requires medium gas flow rate, small angle of inclination and low rotational speed of the kiln.

Evaluation of NOX Removal from Simulated Flue Gas by "Absorption-Oxidation-Reduction" Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
Bao Lin Li ◽  
Ming Yu Li ◽  
Hai Hao Liu ◽  
Gang Cao ◽  
Gang Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Oxidation Reduction

This paper presented a new method of absorption-oxidation-reduction which used ferrous sulfate solution as absorbent, oxygen as oxidizer and urea as reducer to remove NOX from flue gas based on the properties of Fe2+, NO, [Fe (NO)]2+ and urea. These properties included that Fe2+ and NO could produce [Fe (NO)]2+, furthermore [Fe (NO)]2+ was easy to be oxidized by O2, as well as urea can reduce HNO2 and HNO3 in the absorption liquid. This research was to discuss its absorption and removal mechanism with the influence of the initial urea concentration, pH value, initial NOX concentration and gas flow rate on the NOX removal efficiency. The results showed that the removal efficiency of NOX would increase when the initial concentration of urea and NOX increased, while the pH value and gas flow rate decreased.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Simultaneous Desulfurization and Denitrification by DBD Combined with Wet Scrubbing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8592
Author(s):  
Liang Yang ◽  
Yunkai Cai ◽  
Lin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Spray Density ◽  
Wet Scrubbing ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Dbd Reactor

A dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor combined with a wet scrubbing tower was used to carry out an experimental study on desulfurization and denitrification. The effects of the packing type, packing height, spray density, mass fraction of the NaOH solution, discharge power in the DBD reactor, and simulated flue gas flow rate on the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency were analyzed, along with the influence weight of each factor, using orthogonal testing. The experimental results showed that SO2 was easily absorbed by the scrubbing solution, while the desulfurization efficiency remained at a high level (97–100%) during the experiment. The denitration efficiency was between 12 and 96% under various operating conditions. Denitration is the key problem in this system. The influence weights of the DBD power, simulated flue gas flow rate, mass fraction of the NaOH solution, spray density, packing type, and packing height on the denitration efficiency were 56.96%, 18.02%, 11.52%, 5.02%, 4.33%, and 4.16%, respectively. This paper can provide guidance to optimize the desulfurization and denitrification efficiency of this DBD reactor combined with a wet scrubbing system.

scholarly journals Effects of Gas Flow on Spectral Properties of Plasma Jet Induced by Microwave

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Argon Gas ◽  
Jet Length ◽  
Maximum Value

In this paper, a construction microwave induced plasma jet(MIPJ) system was used to produce a non-thermal plasma jet at atmospheric pressure, at standard frequency of 2.45 GHz and microwave power of 800 W. The working gas Argon (Ar) was supplied to flow through the torch with adjustable flow rate using flow meter regulator. The influence of the MIPJ parameters such as applied voltage and argon gas flow rate on macroscopic microwave plasma parameters were studied. The macroscopic parameters results show increasing of microwave plasma jet length with increasing of applied voltage, argon gas flow rate where the plasma jet length exceed 12 cm as maximum value. While the increasing of argon gas flow rate will cause increasing into the argon gas temperature, where argon gas temperature the exceed 350 ? as maximum value and study the effect of gas flow rate on the optical properties

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