Assessment of vertebral pathology of drivers of vehicles of industrial enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
E. Shaykhlislamova ◽  
D. Vagapova ◽  
S. Churmantayeva ◽  
A. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Many

One of the many professional groups employed in many sectors of the economy is truck drivers, whose work is characterized by a complex of adverse production factors, of which physical activity, vibration, adverse microclimate, intensity of work, as a rule, are the main reasons for the formation of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, including vertebrogenic pathology. According to the results of a polyclinic examination of male truck drivers employed at industrial enterprises of the Republic of Bashkortostan, 73.8 % have vertebral diseases of the cervical spine (cervicalgia/cervicobrachialgia) and 89.2 %. — of the lumbosacral one (lumbalgia/ lumbar ischialgia, radiculopathy). An increase in the length of service negatively affects the course of the disease, leading to an increase in the neurological deficit from the reflex stage in the group of people with a work experience of up to 9 years to the compression-radicular stage with an experience of more than 20 years. The data presented indicate the need to develop a set of targeted measures of sanitary-hygienic and medical-rehabilitation nature.

Problems of Assessing the Health Status of Personnel Working in Conditions of New Technologies for Nuclear Fuel Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
A. Lyaginskaya ◽  
N. Shandala ◽  
E. Metlyaev ◽  
V. Kuptsov ◽  
O. Parinov
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Nuclear Fuel ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Uranium Plutonium ◽  
The Many ◽  
Plutonium Fuel

Purpose: To identify the problem of assessing the health status of personnel working under the conditions of new technologies for the production of nuclear fuel. Material and method: The object of the research was the general morbidity of workers in the production of mixed nitride uranium-plutonium fuel (MNUP-fuel). The material for the study was the data presented in the «Health Passports». The paper used the method of comparative analysis of the overall morbidity of workers in the production of MNUP-fuel and workers in enterprises dealing with nuclear fuel. Results and analysis: At present, in our country, within the framework of the «Breakthrough» project, new technologies are being developed for the fabrication and refurbishment of mixed uranium-plutonium (MNUP) fuel. In the absence of radiation and hygienic standards for the content of fuel products in working rooms, in order to assess the influence of production factors, along with the radiation dose, the incidence of personnel is studied as an integral indicator of health. A study of the incidence of 50 workers in the production of MNUP fuel revealed: Relatively high incidence of general morbidity – 1122 diseases per 100 people or an average of 93.5 diseases per 100 people per year, regardless of the length of service. The leading diseases in the overall morbidity structure are diseases of the respiratory system – 26.0 % (1st place), eyes – 13.4 % (2nd place), musculoskeletal system – 11.4 % (3rd place), circulatory system – 10,9 % (4th place), injuries and poisoning – 8.4 % (5th place), digestive organs and genitourinary system – 7.7 % and 7.0 %, respectively (6th place), which make up 84.7 % of the total morbidity. Obviously, the effective dose of 4.6 mSv/year cannot be the only reason for the high morbidity in workers in complex radiochemical production, but characterizes only the influence of one of the many nonspecific factors of production. The existing system for assessing the health of personnel working in radiochemical production, in addition to analyzing the risks of deterministic and stochastic effects, should include an assessment of the overall morbidity of personnel.

Results of special assessment of working conditions for workers in various sectors of economy of the Republic of Bashkortostan

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Elena Abrakhmanova ◽  
Lyaylya Masyagutova ◽  
Aynur Gabbasov ◽  
Akhat Bakirov ◽  
Galina Gimranova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Physical Factor ◽  
Biological Factor ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Special Assessment ◽  
The Impact

The work presents data analysis of the results of special assessment of working conditions for workers of various branches of economy in the Bashkortostan Republic. Results of special assessment of working conditions (SAWC) and medical examinations were used for the analysis. It is noted, that some professional groups, for example, persons performing their work in the sphere of agriculture, have no exposure to the biological factor. Construction workers were not exposed to industrial vibration, while the noise level for half of the analyzed cases was of class 2.0, although in most cases, industrial noise and vibration have single source. Proportion of facilities that revealed a discrepancy between levels of harmful industrial factors and requirements of sanitary legislation remains high. The greatest share of objects does not correspond to sanitary and epidemiological requirements according to the chemical and physical factor. At the moment, SAWC does not fully reflect the working conditions of employees in different sectors of production. Underestimation of its influence on working conditions of workers is typical for a considerable number of professional groups and individual jobs. Analysis on the basis of SAWC is not sufficient for a hygienic assessment of the impact of production environment factors and labour process on health and requires comprehensive assessment methods.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF BACKBONE PROJECTS IN THE INDUSTRY OF A REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-761
Author(s):  
R.F. Gataullin ◽  
E.R. Chuvashaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of

Industry occupies a special place among the types of economic activity in any region. Projects for the development of backbone industrial enterprises in regions play a decisive role in the formation of their production specialization. Hence, the transition to project management in the development of regions most often means the implementation of appropriate measures in industry. The paper gives a definition of systemic projects, shows the conditions for their implementation, depending on the purpose of implementation and significance. The place of backbone projects in the development of industrial centers of the Republic of Bashkortostan is shown. Discrepancies are revealed in the list of projects included in the Strategy of Socio-Economic Development of the Republic of Bashkortostan, cities and municipal districts and in other regulatory documents aimed at accelerating territorial development. The solution of the following tasks is considered: determination of trends and patterns in the development of industry in the regions; identification of the main requirements for projects to develop industry in the regions of the country; survey of the existing package of projects for the development of this industry in Bashkiria; proposals for backbone projects in the industry of the republic. The implementation of projects takes place in different municipal regions and municipalities in different ways. In the Republic of Bashkortostan, more than 80 % of industrial production is concentrated in four cities - Ufa, Salavat, Sterlitamak and Neftekamsk. They also account for most of the investments. At the same time, investments in these cities enjoy all kinds of benefits. It was proposed to strengthen the benefits for projects located outside the zone of traditional industrial location and for new types of activities for the republic.

scholarly journals Sudden death from common diseases at workplace and preventive measures (on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-134
Author(s):  
Lilya K. Karimova ◽  
Zulfiia F. Gimaeva ◽  
A. B. Bakirov ◽  
Nadezhda A. Muldasheva ◽  
Valery A. Kaptsov
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Common Diseases ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
The Republic

Objective. To study the causes of death from common diseases at the workplace and to develop the scientifically grounded programs aimed at their prevention and decrease. A sudden death of a person at workplace is a global issue of occupational medicine in all the countries. About 85 % of sudden deaths occur due to health status of workers, first of all, circulatory system diseases and only 15 % are caused by occupational accidents. Materials and methods. To reach the aim, there were investigated the materials of investigation of the cases of death form common diseases at the workplace for 5 years (20142018) presented by the State Labor Inspection in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Results. According to the analyzed data of medicolegal report of accidents with lethal outcome resulting from common diseases it was established that men aged 5660 years, workers, mostly of manufacturing industry, died more often (92.5 %). Program of preventive measures was worked out on the basis of the obtained results. Conclusions. High death rate from circulatory system diseases at workplace needs a complex of treatment and preventive measures to be developed, which will decrease the risk of a sudden cardiac death among workers of industrial enterprises.

scholarly journals Some institutional restrictions on the development of urban municipalities in the Republic of Bashkortostan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gul’nara Khuzakhhmetova
Keyword(s):  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Consumer Loans ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Selection Of

The article discusses some of the institutional constraints characteristic of urban municipalities of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The main formal and informal institutions for nominating candidates for the post of heads of municipalities are considered. It has been established that when appointing to a post, informal standards for the selection of candidates are of great importance. The institutional and cultural environment from which the selection of staff for the post of heads of municipalities takes place is limited by the following general provisions: non-core education, gender inequality and the practice of appointment. The emergence of an institutional trap in the field of finance is justified, debt on overdue loans is growing, and consumer loans keep stability. All this is associated with a decrease in real cash incomes of the population. There is a decrease in the average per capita cash income of the population, which is associated with a decrease in real and disposable cash incomes of the population; all this leads to a high debt load on the population. It has been revealed that aging industrial enterprises and a resource-dependent economy in the republic, including the development of Shahan for the production of soda ash, shows a strong dependence on old institutions in the Russian economy and is defined as the “gauge effect”. Institutional constraints lie in the problem of the resource dependence of the old type of production. The greatest resonance in the public opinion of the republic is caused by the development of the Shihan by the Bashkir soda company. Production does not bear significant transaction costs for technical and technological modernization of production.

scholarly journals ECOLOGOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL CONNECTION OF LUNG CANCER MORBIDITY WITH ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION BY CARCINOGENS IN PETROCHEMICAL PROFILE REGIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
G G Maksimov ◽  
Yu G Aznabaeva ◽  
E V Kirillova ◽  
O N Lipatov ◽  
V M Akhmetov
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Cancer Morbidity ◽  
The Republic

Aim. To study the dynamics of lung cancer (LC) morbidity among the population of five cities of the Republic of Bashkortostan over the period from 2010 to 2016 and the structure of industrial emissions for grounding of adequate integral index, connected with LC morbidity and development of preventive measures to decrease malignant neoplasms. Materials and methods. The structure of gross emissions of industrial enterprises and ecologohygienic assessment of atmospheric air was conducted according to the materials of the Department of Rospotrebnadzor in Bashkortostan for 2010-2016. Lung cancer morbidity in the above mentioned territories was studied by the materials of Republican Clinical Oncological Dispensary. To estimate the influence of gross emissions on LC morbidity, modeling technique, adequate to panel analysis of spatially dynamic structural data, was applied. Results. The assessment of carcinogenic risk of atmospheric air emissions, taking into account not separate carcinogens, but their combined effect as substances with similarly directed impact, detected accurate correlation of dependence of high LC morbidity on the resultant carcinogens action. Conclusions. High LC morbidity in the cities of Bashkortostan is connected with high gross emission of carcinogens into the atmospheric air. Information on gross emissions of carcinogens and their structure can serve as an integral criterion of atmospheric pollution impact on lung cancer morbidity.

scholarly journals SPECIALIZATION IN AGRICULTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Damir Gaynanov ◽  
Rinat Gataullin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Share

The article summarizes the approaches to the definition of specialization in agriculture. The factors and conditions for the optimal location of agricultural production in the region are shown. Unlike the pre-reform period, when the main link in the specialization of agricultural production were collective and state farms, to a lesser extent - subsidiary farms of industrial enterprises, today territorial specialization at the level of municipal production volumes and create the necessary infrastructure for this. Specialization should be viewed as a process of structural changes in production, when resources are redistributed between the production of various types of products, new proportions are formed, in agriculture - primarily in land use. In this case, it is proposed to determine the specialization of municipal districts based on their contribution to the production of specific types of products in the region and average annual growth rates. Based on the ratio of these indicators, the following types of municipalities were identified in the areas of specialization - growth points (with a high share in the volume of production and high growth rates) and stagnating territories (when a high share in the volume is combined with low growth rates). Compiled maps of the specialization of agricultural production in the municipal districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan for today and for the future, for the period up to 2030. Determination of the specialization of agricultural production in municipal districts for the future, allows you to create the necessary infrastructure in them, taking into account the changed conditions, to make fuller use of the existing potential.

Regional measures of state support for increasing the technical equipment of machine and tractor fleet of agricultural enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
l’dar I. Gabitov ◽  
Salavat G. Mudarisov ◽  
Pavel A. Iofinov
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Regional Programs

The article analysis the dynamics of the technical equipment of the machine and tractor fleet of agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Authors analyzed the regional programs implemented in the Republic to support agro-industrial enterprises. The article proves the effectiveness of allocating subsidies for the organization of capital repairs and modernization of equipment in operation on the basis of specialized repair enterprises of the Republic. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in determining the effectiveness of regional state support measures aimed at improving the level of technical equipment of agricultural enterprises. (Materials and methods) The article shows the importance of using a scientifically based system of machines for the implementation of innovative technologies for the cultivation of major agricultural crops and production of livestock products in various soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. (Results and discussion) The article notes that the implementation of regional programs of support of agricultural enterprises in the Republic of Bashkortostan has increased the volume of works on repair of agricultural machinery repair shops up to 7 times, reduce the average aging of tractors and combines for the last 10 years (2010-2020) by 18 percent, increase the number of equipment above the standard lifetime of 34 percent. (Conclusions) To achieve the standard indicators of technical equipment of agricultural enterprises, it is necessary to increase their energy supply to 230-250 horsepower per 100 hectares of sown area, which will require the additional purchase of at least 1200 harvesters, more than 3000 tractors of various classes and 250 forage harvesters.

scholarly journals Job change by the population in the conditions of precarious work (on the example of the permanent residents of the Republic of Bashkortostan)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Turakayev
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Temporary Employment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Precarious Work ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Russian Region ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Permanent Residents

The purpose of this article is to identify the relationship between precarious work and the change of job by residents of the Russian region. Such factors, as work conditions, qualification and educational mobility, economic conditions and confidence in the future influence the change a job. Sociological survey of the population of the Republic of Bashkortostan is the empirical basis of this article. The sample includes three main groups by labor status: employees, unemployed, and self-employed. The sample size is 1 566 people. Unemployed local residents changed their jobs more often than the other groups. This is because many of them regularly change or lose their jobs. Hired workers more often than the other groups moved up and down the career ladder, and changed their field of activity, which is associated with their activity and the instability of working conditions. Self-employed and individual entrepreneurs without employees show weak mobility in the labor market, because they work mainly for themselves. Respondents, who work in private sector, self-employed, have short work experience and temporary employment contract, are highly likely to change their jobs. If respondents satisfied with their income level, have official salary and do not have credit debts, then they will probably not change jobs. Respondents, who want to raise their level of education, improve their qualifications and work in a field of their specialty, tend to change their jobs.

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