ENRICHMENT OF THE DIET OF BULLS WITH IRON

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
М.А. ЗАЗИМКО ◽  
Н.Н. ЗАБАШТА ◽  
Е.Н. ГОЛОВКО ◽  
И.А. СИНЕЛЬЩИКОВА ◽  
Е.П. ЛИСОВИЦКАЯ
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nanosized Particles ◽  
Metal Powders ◽  
Hydrogen Flow ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Related Increase

Изучено влияние обогащения рациона бычков калмыцкой породы наноразмерными частицами микроэлементов в составе ультрадисперсных порошков металлов на мясное сырье. Нанопорошок железа получен химико-металлургическим способом низкотемпературного восстановления в потоке водорода гидроксидов и оксидов железа в ультрадисперсном состоянии до наночастиц с последующей пассивацией. По принципу пар-аналогов сформировали 2 группы бычков по 12 голов ― контрольную и опытную с живой массой молодняка, соответственно, 175,5±7,5 и 173,5±5,2 кг. Введение в рацион добавки, содержащей 0,08 мг железа на 1 кг живой массы в состав комбикорма для бычков на откорме в возрасте 6―18 мес путем его опрыскивания, позволило обогатить мышечную ткань животных эссенциальным железом, улучшить нутриентный состав говядины для детского и функционального питания. Установлено возрастное увеличение содержания общего белка в сыворотке крови бычков в контроле ― от 79,0±1,4 г/л в 6 мес до 85,0±1,1 в 18 мес и в опытной группе ― от 80,0±1,4 до 86,0±1,1 г/л соответственно. Количество альбуминов с возрастом увеличивалось: в контроле ― от 48,01±1,05 г/л в 6 мес до 52,03±1,10 в 18 мес и в опытной группе ― от 49,02±1,14 г/л в 6 мес до 52,02±1,13 г/л в 18 мес. Установлено двукратное повышение содержания железа в длиннейшей мышце туш опытных бычков, которое составило 89,29 мг/кг железа. Установлена возможность прижизненного обогащения говядины железом более, чем в 2 раза. The influence of enriching the diet of Kalmyk gobies with nanosized particles of microelements in the composition of ultra-dispersed metal powders meat raw materials has been studied. Iron nanopowder was obtained by the chemical-metallurgical method of low-temperature reduction in a hydrogen flow of hydroxides and iron oxides in an ultradispersed state to nanoparticles with subsequent passivation. According to the principle of analog pairs, 2 groups of gobies 12 heads each were formed ― control and experimental ― with the live weight of young animals, respectively, 175.5±7.5 and 173.5±5.2 kg. The introduction into the diet of an additive containing 0.08 mg of iron per 1 kg of live weight in the composition of feed for fattening bulls at the age of 6―18 months by spraying it, made it possible to enrich the muscle tissue of animals with essential iron, improve the nutrient composition of beef for baby and functional nutrition. An age-related increase in the concentration of total protein in the blood serum of gobies in the control was determined ― from 79.0±1.4 g/l at 6 months to 85.0±1.1 g/l at 18 months and in the experimental group ― from 80.0±1.4 to 86.0±1.1 g/l, respectively. The number of albumin increased with the age: in the control ― from 48.0±1.17 g/l at 6 months to 52.0±1.19 g/l at 18 months and in the experimental group ― from 49.0±1.16 g/l at 6 months to 52,0±1.18 g/l at 18 months A twofold increase in the iron content in the longest muscle of the back of experimental gobies was determined, which amounted to 89.29 mg/kg of iron. The possibility of in vivo enrichment of beef with iron by more than 2 times has been determined.

Effectiveness of using naked oat in compound feed for quails

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
S. Shpynova ◽  
O. Yadrishchenskaya ◽  
T. Selina ◽  
E. Basova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Experimental Group

The development of industrial poultry farming requires not only the breeding of new highly productive poultry breeds, but also the development of new rearing technologies and the improvement of standardized nutrition. Currently, in the field of feeding farm animals and poultry an important research area is the search for cheaper non-traditional and affordable feed products that can replace part of the grain in the poultry diet. It is very important to use local raw materials. One of these crops is naked oat, which has the highest energy content, the highest concentration of lysine and methionine among all cereals. The purpose of the researches was to determine the eff ectiveness of using naked oat in compound feed for quails. The results of the influence of complete nutrient-balanced compound feeds with naked oat on zootechnical and economic indicators in the rearing of quails have been presented in the article. It has been found that the live weight of quails in the experimental group has been increased by 3,06 %, while the average daily feed consumption has been increased by 1,83 %. Feed expenditures per 1 kg of live weight gain in the experimental group have been lower by 1,31 % due to the absorption of feed nutrients. According to the results of the balance experiment, the digestibility of raw protein has increased by 1,90, fat by 0,41 %, nitrogen-free extractive substances by 2,77 %. When calculating economic indicators, it has been found that the use of naked oat in compound feed for quails allowed to increase the yield of meat and revenue from its sale by 3,75 %. Despite an increase in the total cost of feed consumed by the experimental group by 2,27 %, the profi t has been received by 9,59 % more. The level of profi tability of quail meat production in the experimental group exceeded the indicator of the control group by 3,40 %.

Productive and reproductive traits of Kholmogorskaya breed of cattle when feeding grain molasses

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
S.L. Vorobiyeva ◽  
A. V. Perevozchikov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the work was to increase the effectiveness of rearing of young animals and milk production by providing dairy cows with easily digestible sugars obtained from local grain raw materials. The research on the use of grain molasses produced from rye grain in a pilot unit in the Sharkansky RTP UZHK-1000 in feeding cattle of Kholmogorskaya breed under the environments of the Udmurt Republic has been carried out. The innovative small-sized treacle unit operating on the basis of the principle of cavitation technology is designed for the enzymatic cleavage of grain polysaccharides to a more accessible form of sugars for assimilation. It has been revealed that the feeding of grain molasses to young cattle in the amount of 3 kg/head/day had a positive effect on the increase in the average daily gain of live weight and the intensity of growth of animals. In the first-calf heifers in control group the age of achieving the first insemination was 14,7 months with the live weight of 374,6 kg, in the first-calf heifers in experimental group it was 13,8 months, while their live weight was 378,2 kg. The insemination index in the first-calfheifers of the control group was satisfactory and amounted to 2,0, and in the cows of the experimental group it was good – 1,6 (P ≥ 0,95). The maximum milk productivity of first-calf heifers for 305 days of lactation has been recorded in the cows of the experimental group, where grain molasses was used, and amounted to 7702,0 kg, which was more than in the control group by 157 kg or 2,1% (P ≥ 0,95). Milk from cows of the experimental group was the most suitable for the production of fermented milk products. The physical and chemical parameters of milk were also higher in the group in which grain molasses has been fed. The lowest consumption of milk for the production of 1 kg of cottage cheese was noted in the experimental group of cows 6,43 kg, the same trend has been observed in the production of cheese where the consumption was 8,7 kg.

In vivo evidence of an age-related increase in ATP cost of contraction in the plantar flexor muscles

2013 ◽  
Vol 126 (8) ◽  
pp. 581-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwenael Layec ◽  
Joel D. Trinity ◽  
Corey R. Hart ◽  
Seong-Eun Kim ◽  
Henderik Jonathan Groot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Plantar Flexor ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Plantar Flexor Muscles ◽  
Related Increase

The present study reveals that impaired skeletal muscle efficiency potentially contributes to the age-related decline in exercise capacity and may explain the altered haemodynamic response to exercise in the elderly.

Theoretical and practical bases of creation of prestarter granulated compound feed for piglets

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
G. Shulaev ◽  
R. Milushev ◽  
V. Engovatov ◽  
D. Engovatov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Processing ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Milk Whey ◽  
Γ Globulins ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Active Substances

Currently, the country’s industrial pig breeding uses mainly imported granulated compound feed and expensive enrichment additives containing protein products with different processing technologies, and biologically active substances. This leads to an increase in the cost of pig products. Alternative to imported analogues complex enrichment additive for prestarter feed from domestic raw materials has been developed, the use of which has been scientifically justified. The basis of this additive is soya and lupin with different processing methods, corn gluten, fish meal and milk whey, as well as biologically active substances. Optimal modes of extrusion of soya, fl ax seeds, grain feed, processing additives and granulated feed under the conditions of the feed mill have been worked out. Tests of granulated compound feeds with experimental and imported processing additives on piglets of suckling age have been carried out at the pig breeding complex. It has been established that the qualitative characteristics of the granulated compound feed with additives and processing subjects were almost equal. As the result of their use on the large number of pigs, high livability of off spring was ensured and almost equal indicators of live weight of young animals at 24-day age were obtained at the level of 253–254 g. At the same time, the level of hemoglobin in the blood was high at 119,7–120,6 g/l, and the young animals of the experimental group had the advantage in the content of γ-globulins by 1,92 %, which indicates the higher immune status of the animals of the experimental group. Studies have shown that granulated compound feed with the complex enrichment additive of domestic production is cheaper than imported by 29,76 %. This is economically beneficial for the farm.

Hulless barley in compound feed for quails

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
S. Shpуnova ◽  
O. Yadrishchenskaya ◽  
T. Selina ◽  
E. Basova
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Hulless Barley ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Experimental Group

In recent years, the Russian poultry industry has been successfully developing because of the use of modern crosses, as well as technologies for poultry housing and feeding. The development of quail farming as an eff ective source of dietary and delicacy products is promising. One of the most important conditions for successful breeding of quails is the organization of complete feeding, which involves the use of high-quality protein and energy feed in the diets. It is very important to maximize the use of local raw materials. In this series, a special place is occupied by hulless barley, which is characterized by a reduced content of hard-to-digest fi ber, and therefore has the increased nutritional value for poultry. Therefore, it is of particular relevance to study the input of various varieties of hulless barley in the composition of compound feed for poultry. The purpose of the research was to study the infl uence of compound feed using hulless barley of Siberian selection on the meat productivity of quails. The results of the study on quails using compound feed with 10 % hulless barley have been presented in the article. It has been found that the expenditures of feed per 1 kg of live weight gain in the experimental group of quails have been higher by 3,6 % due to better assimilation of feed nutrients. The live weight of quails in the experimental group has been increased by 4,31 %, while the average daily feed intake has been increased by 0,62 %. Data from the balance experiment have shown that protein digestibility has increased by 1,81 % in the experimental group. It has been found that the use of compound feed with 10 % of hulless barley is of practical signifi cance in relation with the increase in the productivity of quails and the profi tability of meat production by 8,3 %.

scholarly journals Эффективность влияния биологически активной добавки на рост и развитие телят

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
A.I. Frolov ◽  
A.N. Betin
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Young Cattle ◽  
Experimental Group

Задача повышения экономической эффективности кормления крупного рогатого скота, получения здоровых животных с высокой продуктивностью может быть решена введением в рацион кормления биологически активной добавки. Исследована технология кормления молодняка крупного рогатого скота с использованием отечественной кормовой добавки на основе микроэлементов в виде гидроксид полимальтозных и хелатных комплексов. В состав добавки входят медь, кобальт, селен, йод, марганец в виде амминоатов, цинк в хелатной форме глюконата, а также гидролизат растительного белка. Были сформированы две группы телят по 15 голов в соответствии с требованиями по подбору аналогов опытная и контрольная. Животным опытной группы в молоко вводили биодобавку (по 1 мл/кг живой массы), количество которой корректировалось в зависимости от изменения живой массы. При формировании групп живая масса подопытных телят была практически одинаковой. Но уже в месячном возрасте телята опытной группы по этому показателю превосходили контрольных на 1,5 кг, а в 2месячном возрасте на 4,1 кг, или на 5,3. Животные в опытной группе болели на 13 меньше по сравнению с контрольными. В целом за период исследования опытные телята превосходили контрольных по валовому приросту на 8,11. Установлено, что технология кормления молодняка крупного рогатого скота на основе оптимизации рационов с применением отечественной кормовой добавки, обладающей высокими биологическими свойствами, изготовленной из недорогих видов сырья, позволила обеспечить высокую интенсивность роста телят.The task of increasing the economic efficiency of feeding cattle, obtaining healthy animals with high productivity can be solved by introducing a biologically active supplement in the diet. The technology of feeding young cattle with the use of domestic feed additive based on microelements in the form of hydroxides of polymaltose and chelate complexes is studied. The composition of the additive includes copper, cobalt, selenium, iodine, manganese in the form of amino acids, zinc in the chelate form of gluconate as well as a gluten hydrolysate. Two groups of calves of 15 goals were formed in accordance with the requirements for the selection of analogues experimental and control ones. Dietary supplement (1 ml/kg of live weight) was introduced into milk of the experimental group animals the amount of which was adjusted depending on changes in live weight. During the formation of the groups the live weight of the experimental calves was practically the same. But already at the age of one month the calves of the experimental group exceeded the control one by 1.5 kg by this indicator and at 2 months of age by 4.1 kg or 5.3. Animals in the experimental group were 13 less sick compared to control ones. In general during the research period experimental calves exceeded the control ones in terms of gross gain by 8.11.It was established that the technology of feeding young cattle based on optimization of diets with the use of domestic feed additives with high biological properties made from inexpensive types of raw materials made it possible to ensure high growth rate of calves.

scholarly journals Age-related increase in the fraction of CD27− CD4+ T cells and IL-4 production as a feature of CD4+ T cell differentiation in vivo

2008 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.W. P. NIJHUIS ◽  
E. J. REMARQUE ◽  
B. HINLOOPEN ◽  
T. POUW-KRAAN ◽  
R. A. W. LIER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
T Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Increase

scholarly journals In vivo imaging of axonal transport of mitochondria in the diseased and aged mammalian CNS

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (33) ◽  
pp. 10515-10520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Takihara ◽  
Masaru Inatani ◽  
Kei Eto ◽  
Toshihiro Inoue ◽  
Alexander Kreymerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axonal Transport ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Multiphoton Imaging ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Related Increase ◽  
Mammalian Cns

The lack of intravital imaging of axonal transport of mitochondria in the mammalian CNS precludes characterization of the dynamics of axonal transport of mitochondria in the diseased and aged mammalian CNS. Glaucoma, the most common neurodegenerative eye disease, is characterized by axon degeneration and the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and by an age-related increase in incidence. RGC death is hypothesized to result from disturbances in axonal transport and in mitochondrial function. Here we report minimally invasive intravital multiphoton imaging of anesthetized mouse RGCs through the sclera that provides sequential time-lapse images of mitochondria transported in a single axon with submicrometer resolution. Unlike findings from explants, we show that the axonal transport of mitochondria is highly dynamic in the mammalian CNS in vivo under physiological conditions. Furthermore, in the early stage of glaucoma modeled in adult (4-mo-old) mice, the number of transported mitochondria decreases before RGC death, although transport does not shorten. However, with increasing age up to 23–25 mo, mitochondrial transport (duration, distance, and duty cycle) shortens. In axons, mitochondria-free regions increase and lengths of transported mitochondria decrease with aging, although totally organized transport patterns are preserved in old (23- to 25-mo-old) mice. Moreover, axonal transport of mitochondria is more vulnerable to glaucomatous insults in old mice than in adult mice. These mitochondrial changes with aging may underlie the age-related increase in glaucoma incidence. Our method is useful for characterizing the dynamics of axonal transport of mitochondria and may be applied to other submicrometer structures in the diseased and aged mammalian CNS in vivo.

scholarly journals Formation of optimal quantitative and qualitative indicators of livestock raw materials through the use of new feed additives

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
M.I. Slozhenkina ◽  
◽  
I.F. Gorlov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Rabbit Meat ◽  
Experimental Group

Aim. Study of the influence of new feed additives on the formation of productivity and quality characteristics in the production of various types of raw materials of animal origin. Material and Methods. Zootechnical, biochemical and mathematical methods of analysis were used in the course of research. The obtained digital material was processed using method of variation statistics, considering the Student-t validation criteria, using the Microsoft Excel software package. Results. As a result of the research, the effectiveness of the use of new feed additives "CoreMix" and "Vitazar" in fattening Kalmyk young bulls has been proved. Over the period of the experiment, the absolute increase in live weight of animals of the I and II experimental groups, who received the tested feed additives, exceeded the control by 8.9 and 18.5 kg, while the feed consumption per 1 kg of the increase in live weight decreased by 0.4 and 0.7 EKE, profit from sales per head was higher by 696 and 1,690 rubles, and the level of profitability increased by 3.1 and 8.2%. The study of the regularities of the formation of beef obtained from young bulls of the Aberdeen Angus breed, when using the new probiotic supplement "Rodafen" in their diets, showed that at the end of feeding, at the age of 18 months, the pre-slaughter body weight in the control group was 463.9 ± 3.29 kg, whereas in the experimental groups that received the test supplement in different doses, this indicator was significantly higher by 3.7%, 4.7% and 3.9%, respectively. For the purposeful in vivo formation of optimal quality indicators of beef obtained from young bulls of the Kazakh white-headed breed, the efficiency of using extruded feed from insects of the Locusta migratoria (ELM) species has been proven. More heavy carcasses were obtained from the young bulls of the experimental group in comparison with their peers from the control group: the superiority in terms of pre-slaughter live weight was 5.8 kg, or 1.41% (P <0.05), in terms of the weight of a fresh carcass – 5.6 kg, or 2.75% (P<0.05). In terms of slaughter weight, the young bulls of the experimental group exceeded the control by 5.4 kg, or 2.53% (P <0.05). In order to increase the energy of growth and meat productivity of the Simmental young bulls, the expediency of using new feed additives "Valopro" and "Ruprokol" has been proved. The introduction of these feed additives into the diet during the rearing period made it possible to obtain a live weight of 439 kg, one kilogram of which contains 403 g of muscle tissue and 429 g of edible parts of the carcass, which is 5-9% higher than in the control. It has been experimentally proven that when fattening large white pigs up to 100 and 120 kg of live weight, it is necessary to maintain the amino acid content at an optimal level by introducing synthetic amino acids, which provides an increase in live weight gain and a decrease in the age of fattening. For the purpose of the intravital formation of high-quality mutton obtained from the Edilbaev breed of rams in the arid Trans-Volga region, the expediency of using a new feed additive containing organic iodine, selenium and silicon in the diets of young sheep has been proven. To improve the quality of rabbit meat, the expediency of using new feed additives based on antioxidants and organic acids has been proven. Conclusion. The expediency of using new feed additives in the production of beef, pork, lamb and rabbit meat has been proven. The use of the proposed feed additives had a positive effect on the feed intake and digestibility of feed, the formation of optimal quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the raw materials obtained, and an increase in the profitability of production.

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