scholarly journals Evaluation of triticale variety samples by crop structure elements

2021 ◽  
Vol 2(26) ◽  
pp. 200-207
Author(s):  
N.I. Sokolenko ◽  
◽  
N.M. Komarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Ordinary Chernozem ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
The North ◽  
Size Number ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack

Breeding improvement of triticale requires the search for genetic sources for hybridization. Our research aims at identifying high-yielding genotypes of winter triticale and determining the influence of structural elements on this indicator to optimizing selection during the breeding process. In 2014–2018, fifty variety samples of triticale were studied in the North Caucasus Federal Agricultural Research Centre. Soil – ordinary chernozem, medium loamy, medium-thick, low-humus. Black fallow preceded all × Triticosecale Wittmack samples. The experiment was laid having only one replication. The area of the plot was 1 m2. Triticale variety ‘Valentin 90’ served as a standard. We identified 25 medium-yielding and 25 high-yielding varieties. Grain yield in the first group was lower than in the second one and amounted to 784 ± 191 g/m2 and 1024 ± 202 g/m2, respectively. High-yielding samples exceeded the average-yielding ones in the number of spikelets (32.0 ± 2.17 and 31.2 ± 2.18 pieces), grains per ear (69.1 ± 13.0 and 64.5 ± 10.6 pieces) and weight of grain per ear (3.26 ± 0.61 and 3.00 ± 0.61 g). The yield and weight of grain per ear vary significantly (Cv > 20 %). Ear size, number of grains in the ear and spikelet, 1000 grain weight and triticale ear density do not vary much (Cv > 10 %). The most stable trait is the number of spikelets per ear (Cv < 10 %). A weak positive correlation was observed between the yield and number of grains per spikelet (r = 0.18 ± 0.06), yield and ear (r = 0.22 ± 0.06), as well as yield and weight of grain per ear (r = 0.29 ± 0.06). In the group of high-yielding variety samples, there was a reliable weak negative correlation between the yield and number of spikelets per ear (r = −0.32 ± 0.08), between the yield and ear density (r = −0.24 ± 0.09). Grain yield of more than 1.000 g/m2 had the following variety samples – ‘Ugo’, ‘RAH 121/04’, ‘Kitaro’, ‘Tewo’, ‘Ratne’, ‘Slavetne’, ‘Adas’, ‘Dar Belorussii’, ‘Dinamo’, ‘Dinaro’, ‘Liniya 71’, ‘Lamberto’, ‘PRAG 203/1’, ‘Nemchinovsky 1’ and ‘Valentin 90’ (standard).

AC Certa spring triticale

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. McLeod ◽  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
W. H. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
X Triticosecale ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Sprouting Resistance ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack ◽  
X Triticosecale Wittmack

AC Certa, a spring triticale cultivar (X Triticosecale Wittmack) was developed at CIMMYT and introduced by the Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, via the 21st ITSN in 1989. It is widely adapted to the Prairie Provinces. AC Certa represents a significant improvement in test weight. AC Certa has an improved Hagberg Falling Number which is usually associated with improved harvest-time sprouting resistance AC Certa is very resistant to the prevalent races of stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp tritici Eriks. and E. Henn.); leaf rust (caused by P. recondita Rob. ex Desm. f. sp. tritici); highly resistant to common bunt [caused by Tilletia foetida Wallr.) Liro and T. caries (DC) Tul.], and resistant to common root rot [caused primarily by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc. in Sorok.) Shoemaker]. Key words: Cultivar description, test weight, sprouting resistance, triticale (spring, X Triticosecale Wittmack)

scholarly journals Productivity and quality of grains of tritikale varieties at various quantities of mineral nutrition

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-352
Author(s):  
Dragana Lalevic ◽  
Milan Biberdzic ◽  
Zoran Ilic ◽  
Lidija Milenkovic ◽  
Jelena Stojiljkovic
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
The North ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents the influence of varieties and different doses of applied nitrogen on grain yield and protein content of triticale. The experiment was set in the period from 2010 to 2012 in the north of Montenegro, in the vicinity of Bijelo Polje. The research included 5 varieties of winter triticale (Odyssey, Kg-20, Triumph, Rtanj and Tango) originating from different breeding houses and the following varieties of fertilization: control (without fertilization), only nitrogen in the amount of 60 kg ha-1 and nitrogen in the amount of 60 and 90 kg ha-1 in combination with the same amount of phosphorus and potassium (80 kg ha-1). The results of the study showed that the lowest average grain yield was obtained in the non-fertilizing variant - control. The use of fertilizers in all tested varieties has led to a very significant increase in yield in all variants compared to control. The Kg-20 variety had the lowest average yield, and the Tango variety had the highest. The highest average protein content was achieved in the fertilizer variant where only nitrogen was used in the amount of 60 kg ha-1. Among the researched varieties, the Triumph variety had the highest protein content in the grains. The data on the achieved yields and the content of protein in grains, depending on the variety and the used doses of fertilizer, indicate the characteristics of individual varieties and can serve as a criterion for the selection of the most suitable variety for certain agroecological conditions. This is particularly important for cattle-oriented farms, where the main priority is to ensure a sufficient amount of quality food.

scholarly journals Divergence analysis of drought tolerant Genotypes of Wheat (Triticum astivum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-396
Author(s):  
MA Zaman ◽  
MNA Siddquie ◽  
M Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
MY Abida ◽  
MJ Islam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Component Loading

Thirty genotypes of wheat were grown in an Alpha Lattice Design with three replications for evaluation and divergence analysis. Seeds were sown on 24 November 2011 at Regional Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Shyampur, Rajshahi. Significant variation was observed among the genotypes and these are grouped into six clusters. Clusters III and VI were comprised of maximum number of genotypes (6) followed by clusters I, IV, and V with 5 genotypes and the minimum genotypes (3) were in cluster II. The maximum inter-cluster distance was recorded between the Cluster VI and Cluster II followed by cluster III and Cluster II, which indicates that genotypes belonging to these distant clusters could be used in hybridization programme for getting a wide spectrum of variation among the segregates. The minimum intercluster distance was found between the Cluster IV and Cluster I followed by that of Cluster V and Cluster IV. The maximum intra-cluster distance was recorded in Cluster II, consisted of three genotypes of diverse origin followed by Cluster V consisting of five genotypes which indicated that the genotypes of these clusters might have considerable diversity among themselves. While the minimum distance was computed in Cluster I composed of five genotypes which indicated that these genotypes were genetically very close to each other. Considering the eigenvalues of all principal component analysis the PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4, and PC5 with values contributed 30.78%, 20.11%, 17.75%, 10.93%, and 7.63%, respectively, of the total variation. The results revealed from the present study that the first principal component had high positive component loading from grains/spike and high negative loading from grain yield. Considering the clusters mean value, the genotype of Cluster II and VI are most divergent and maximum heterosis and wide variability in genetic architecture may be expected from the crosses between the genotypes belonged to these clusters. More specifically the cluster II could be selected for dwarf in nature, early heading and maturity and bold grain size. The genotypes from the cluster IV could be selected for maximum spikes/m2 and maximum grain yield. The positive value of both vectors for days to heading and spikes/m2 indicated that these traits had the highest contribution towards divergence among the 30 drought tolerant wheat genotypes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i3.21982 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(3): 385-396, September 2014

AC Alta spring triticale

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. McLeod ◽  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
T. F. Townley-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Yield Test ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack

AC Alta, a spring triticale cultivar (× Triticosecale Wittmack) was developed at the Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan. AC Alta is a high-yielding, large kernelled, lodging resistant cultivar of triticale which is widely adapted to the Prairie Provinces. AC Alta is very resistant to leaf and stem rust, resistant to common bunt and moderately resistant to common root rot. AC Alta will be distributed by Progressive Seeds Limited. Key words: Cultivar description, grain yield, test weight, triticale (spring), × Triticosecale Wittmack

scholarly journals ECONOMIC AND BIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF THE NEW WINTER DURUM WHEAT VARIETIES ‘YAKHONT’ AND ‘YANTARINA’

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (28) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
N.P. Ilichkina ◽  
◽  
N.E. Samofalova ◽  
T.S. Bezuglaya ◽  
O.A. Dubinina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
The North

In 2018 and 2020, two winter durum wheat varieties, ‘Yakhont’ and ‘Yantarina’, were included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements for the North Caucasus region. They were developed at the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” by the intraspecific stepwise hybridization using both varieties and lines created in the ARC “Donskoy” and from the other regions. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the new winter durum wheat varieties ‘Yakhont’ and ‘Yantarina’ according to productivity, resistance to abiotic and biotic stress factors, grain and pasta quality. The study was carried out in 2014–2020 in the ARC “Donskoy” located in the southern part of the Rostov region, which is favorable for winter durum wheat cultivation. The soil of the experimental plot – chernozem ordinary calcareous heavy loamy. The climate of the region is characterized by semi-arid hot summers and moderately mild winters. The sum of positive temperatures is more than 3400°С; Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) – 0.8; average annual air temperature – 9.7°С. The average annual precipitation is 450–600 mm. This paper presents the results of studying varieties according to the traits and properties mentioned above, points to their advantages compared to the standard variety ‘Donchanka’. On average, over seven years of competitive testing, the varieties ‘Yakhont’ and ‘Yantarina’ showed the following: productivity – 8.46 and 8.52 t/ha; 1000-grain weight – 40.8 and 43.5 g; drought tolerance – 4.5 points both; lodging resistance – 4.6 and 4.2 points; leaf rust resistance – 10–20% both. They excided the standard variety ‘Donchanka’ by 1.17 and 1.23 t/ha; 4.0 and 6.7 g; 0.5 points; 1.0 and 0.6 points; 3.0 %; 10%, respectively. The varieties ‘Yakhont’ and ‘Yantarina’ formed higher yields due to the increased number of productive stems per 1 m2 (591 and 542; the standard variety formed 498 productive stems), the productivity per head (1.52 and 1.68 g, the standard variety yielded 1.47 g). According to grain and pasta quality, ‘Yakhont’ and ‘Yantarina’ met not only the requirements of GOST R9353-2016 but also exceeded the standard variety ‘Donchanka’ in vitreousness (by 7.4 and 8.0%), grain nature (by 41 and 46 g/l), gluten content (by 2.0 and 0.70%), falling number (by 4 and 44 seconds), SDS-sedimentation (by 4 and 3 ml).

scholarly journals Grain yield, nutrient balance and economics of T. Aman rice cultivation as influenced by nutrients management

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
MAH S Jahan ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
NCD Barma ◽  
MNA Mondal ◽  
MNS Ferdousi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Negative Balance ◽  
Crop Residue Incorporation

A field experiment was conducted at Regional Wheat Research Centre of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh during 2007 and 2008. The objectives were to find out the optimum nutrient management practice for grain yield, nutrient balance and economics of T. Aman rice. Twelve nutrient management treatments (with and without CRI) were tested in RCBD with 3 replications. Treatments were T1=HYG (0-80-16- 44-12-2-0), T2=MYG (0-56-12-32-8-1.5-0), T3=IPNS (5000-65-13-32-9-2-0), T4=STB (0-68-15-37-11-2-0), T5=FP (0-39-7-12-0-0-0), T6=CON (0-0-0-0-0-0- 0), T7=HYG+CRI(Crop residue incorporation), T8=MYG+CRI, T9=IPNS+CRI, T10=STB+CRI, T11=FP+CRI, T12=CON+CRI kg ha-1 CDNPKSZnB for T. Aman rice. On an average, maximum grain yield of T. Aman rice was obtained from STB+CRI (5.24 t ha-1) followed by IPNS+CRI (5.13 t ha-1), STB (5.12 t ha-1), IPNS (5.03 t ha-1), HYG+CRI (4.50t ha-1) and HYG (4.41 t ha-1). Numerically but not statistically higher yield and yield contributing parameters were noticed in CRI plots than without CRI. Except N and K remaining nutrient balance like P S Zn and B were found positive in case of HYG, MYG, IPNS and STB along with or without CRI nutrient managements while FP and CON (Control) showed negative balance. The maximum BCR was observed in STB (3.25) followed by STB+CRI (3.14) and IPNS (2.98) and similar trend was observed in MBCR.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(1): 17-34, March 2015

scholarly journals THE ESTIMATION OF WINTER BARLEY VARIETIES ACCORDING TO ECONOMIC-VALUABLE TRAITS IN THE SOUTH OF THE ROSTOV REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Filippov ◽  
А. А. Dontsova ◽  
D. P. Dontsov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Local Soil

Winter barley is one of the early ripening grain crops. It is the early ripeness combined with high productivity, lesser needs in good growing conditions that determines the great national economic importance of this culture. To increase and stabilize gross yields of winter barley, it is necessary to develop new varieties adapted to the negative environmental factors. The purpose of the study is to identify promising breeding material for winter barley to grow varieties with high agroecological stability and adaptability to local soil and climatic conditions. The studies were conducted in the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in 2015–2018. The objects of research were the commercial varieties “Timofey”, “Yeryoma”, “Vivat”, the new winter barley varieties “Foks 1”, “Marusya”, as well as the promising breeding lines. The weather conditions of 2017 were more favorable compared with those of 2016 and 2018, which allowed producing higher yields. All the studied winter barley varieties, even in the wet conditions of 2017, showed a high resistance to lodging (4–5 points by a 5-point scale). In the spring and summer months of 2018, there was a significant increase in temperature in comparison with that of 2017. In June there were some days with dry wind, and therefore the air humidity dropped to 38% (23% lower than the multiyear average). The analysis of the yield structure showed that in 2016 the winter barley varieties showed higher values of the traits “number of kernels per ear” and “1000-kernel weight”, and “number of productive stems per 1 m2” in 2017. According to a comprehensive estimation, there have been identified the promising winter barley varieties “Marusya”, “Parallelum 1960” and “Parallelum 1962”, which significantly exceeded the standard variety “Timofey” in terms of productivity, and showed complex resistance to leaf diseases. In 2016, the variety “Marusya” was sent to be studied in the State Variety Network of RF through the North Caucasus region.

PROFITABILITY OF BARLEY AND PEAS MIXED INTERCROPPING IN THE SUBSISTENCE FARMING SYSTEMS OF THE NEPALESE HILLS

1998 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. SUBEDI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Subsistence Farming ◽  
Traditional Practice ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio

Experiments were conducted during the winter seasons of 1992–93 and 1993–94 at the Lumle Agricultural Research Centre and its off-station research site at Lopre in Nepal to study the agronomic performance and profitability of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and peas (Pisum sativum) mixed intercropping (that is, without any row arrangement) in the subsistence farming systems of the Nepalese hills. Sole crops of barley (cv. Bonus and Local) at 100kg seed ha−1 were compared with a pure stand of peas (cv. Tikot Local) sown at 60kg seed ha−1 and with peas intercropped with both varieties of barley at 100:40 or 100:20 kg seed ha−1. Results across two locations for two seasons showed that the barley+peas intercropping was advantageous in terms of overall grain yield, land equivalent ratio (LER), monetary advantage, economic return and dietary provision in the subsistence farming system. It also provided yield stability under adverse climatic conditions. Barley genotypes differed in their suitability for intercropping with peas. The yield of Local barley was reduced when peas were intercropped with it at both seed rates but this was not so with Bonus. The most appropriate combinations to realize the maximum advantage from intercropping were Bonus barley+peas at 100:20 kg seed ha−1 and Local barley+peas at 100:40 kg seeds ha−1. A combination of Bonus barley and peas at 100:20 kg seed ha−1 enabled farmers to harvest an additional 400 kg grains ha−1 from peas without significantly reducing the grain yield of barley. The study also verified through formal experimentation that the traditional practice of mixing barley and peas is advantageous.

scholarly journals The results of breeding work on naked spring barley

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
E. S. Doroshenko ◽  
E. G. Filippov ◽  
A. A. Dontsova ◽  
D. P. Dontsov ◽  
О. Yu. Petrenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Barley Variety ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Naked Barley ◽  
The North

In recent decades, the demand for naked barley grain on the market has increased, that is why the breeders of the leading institutions of the Russian Federation resumed breeding research to develop new naked barley varieties. In this regard, the purpose of the current study was to develop a breeding material for naked spring barley, adapted to the conditions of the Rostov region and, on its basis, new varieties. There have been developed the new naked barley variety with high productivity and grain quality, adapted to the conditions of the North Caucasus. The study was carried out in the scientific crop rotation of the department of barley breeding and seed production of the FSBSI Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” (Zernograd) in 2014–2020. Based on the best local spring barley varieties (‘Leon’ and ‘Shchedry’) and naked varieties of the VIR collection (‘Mancuria’ (Sweden), ‘NB-OWA’ (Nepal), ‘CDC-Dawn’ (Canada), ‘K-3780’ (Tajikistan) and ‘Golozerny’ (RF)) there have been developed and studied the new naked barley lines. There was found that according to the trait ‘plant height’ the lines ‘Leon x Golozerny’ and ‘Leon x Mancuria’ belonged to the middle-height group (90.2 cm and 83.4 cm, respectively). The rest of the lines belonged to the tall group, their height varied from 96.5 cm to 100.3 cm. According to the trait ‘earing date’ there has been identified the line ‘Leon x Golozerny’ (24V), which is more early-ripening (5 days less than that of the standard). The same line turned out to be the only one that significantly exceeded the standard (the standard variety ‘Ratnik’ on 4.5 t/ha) according to productivity +0.3 t / ha, and taking into account the absence of hulls, this difference significantly increased to +0.7 t/ha. There was established that according to the trait ‘1000-grain weight’, the lines ‘Leon x Mancuria’, ‘Leon x CDC-Dawn’, ‘Leon x K-3780’ and ‘Leon x Golozerny’ significantly exceeded the standard variety. The best indicators of grain quality were identified for the lines ‘Leon x K-3780’ and ‘Leon x Golozerny’. The lines ‘Leon x Mancuria’ and ‘Leon x Golozerny’ were the most resistant to powdery mildew. The current paper has presented the characteristics of the new naked spring barley variety ‘Zernogradsky 1717’, which has a great productivity and a set of positive economically valuable traits.

scholarly journals Agrobiological characteristics of foreign varieties of winter triticale in the conditions of the foothill zone of the North Caucasus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.R. Manukyan ◽  
◽  
М.А. Basieva ◽  
Е.S. Miroshnikova ◽  
Т.S. Abieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
The North ◽  
Productivity Potential ◽  
Selection Of

As objects of research in the collection nursery, 20 varieties of winter triticale of foreign selection of various breeding and ecological-geographical origin were studied. It follows from the studies carried out that the greatest value of the spike length was noted in the samples Hortenso – 9.9 cm, Pawo – 9.1 cm, Bedretto – 9.2 cm. The weight of grain from an ear of 2.5 g and above had the samples: Раwо, Hortenso, Вlenio. The best in terms of weight of 1000 grains was found to be Pawo – 53.0, Bedretto – 55.0 g and Hortenso – 55.8 g. As a result of the research, a promising foreign sample of winter triticale Hortenso was noted. It belongs to the durum-form variety, the ear is white, spinous, hairless, dense. The length of the spike is 9.9 cm. The grain is of medium size, well done, light red. The productivity potential of the variety is more than 11.5 t/ha. Resistant to frost. The mass of 1000 grains is 55.8 g. As a result of research, highly productive samples were isolated from the collection of winter triticale: Pawo, Triskell, Hortenso, Blenio, Bedretto.

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