scholarly journals CONFLICTS IN THE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL: FROM THE FIGHT AGAINST BULLYING TO RESOLVING DEVELOPMENT CONTRADICTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-199
Author(s):  
K. Mulika

This paper is about socio-psychological features of conflicts in the new Ukrainian school. Based on the study, systematization of existing scientific definitions of «conflict(s)» and the possibility of their use in the new Ukrainian school. Paper proposes the author's understanding of conflict as contradictions actualized in the minds and interactions of participants of the educational process those change the system of attitudes and do not allow participants to coexist unchanged, but encourage the transformation of conflicting positions, goals, interests, attitudes, etc. Constructive forces, possibilities of dialectical and causal conflicts to be resolved in the new Ukrainian school have been identified. Based on the results of a systematic analysis of structural and dynamic characteristics, a model of the conflict in an educational institution (school) has been developed, which assumes the subjectivity of human perception of existing objective contradictions, the use of human cognitive activity determined by conflict. The psychological content of the concept of «conflict situation» is clarified as a subjective interpretation of reality by any of the parties to the conflict, or the objectification of interaction by the parties to the conflict, or someone else. Members of the bullying commission are asked to use the definition of «conflict situation» as a structural unit in which all the attributes of the conflict (temporal and spatial boundaries are determined by the period of time for which there are no qualitative changes in the conflict) are presented. According to the results of an empirical study using the methodology available in psychological science, a description of the conflicts in the new Ukrainian school is given.

Author(s):  
Р.М. Гаранина

Актуальность статьи обусловлена необходимостью активации такой важной управленческой функции учебного заведения, как организация эффективной самостоятельной работы студентов в высшей медицинской школе и реализации ее личностно-развивающего потенциала. Цель статьи заключается в выявлении и изучении возможностей самостоятельной работы как важнейшего средства повышения уровня самостоятельности студента в познавательной деятельности. Авторами сформулированы представления об оптимальном педагогическом обеспечении развития навыков самостоятельной деятельности обучающегося, уточнены понятие и цели самостоятельной работы в условиях информатизации общества, признаки самостоятельности обучающегося в познавательной деятельности, предложены принципы ее руководства. Раскрыта сущность самостоятельной работы, детерминируемой как самоорганизуемая работа с элементами самоуправления, самомониторинга и самооценки и заключающейся в развитии самостоятельности обучающихся в познавательной деятельности. Классифицированы уровни самостоятельности студентов в познавательной деятельности, принципы руководства и методические приемы организации и управления самостоятельной работой. Предложено определение самостоятельной работы как самоорганизуемой деятельности с элементами самоуправления, самомониторинга и самооценки. Доказана целесообразность применения системного подхода в вопросах организации самостоятельной работы студентов, учета преемственности в обучении и воспитании на всех этапах образовательного процесса. Статья предназначена для преподавателей учебных заведений;.результаты исследования могут служить критерием работы преподавателя, показателем творческого отношения к своей педагогической деятельности. The relevance of the article is due to the need to activate such an important managerial function of an educational institution as the organisation of effective independent work of students at the higher medical school and the realization of its personality-developing potential. The aim of the article is to identify and study the possibilities of independent work as the most important means of increasing the level of student's independence in cognitive activity. The authors formulated the idea of optimal pedagogical support for the development of the skills of independent activity of the student, clarified the concept and goals of independent work in the conditions of informatization of society, signs of independence of the student in cognitive activity, proposed the principles of its management. The essence of independent work determined as self-organized work with the elements of self-management, self-monitoring and self-assessment and consisting in the development of students' independence in cognitive activity is revealed. The levels of students' independence in cognitive activity, principles of leadership and methodological techniques for organizing and managing independent work are classified. The definition of independent work as a self-organized activity with elements of self-management, self-monitoring and self-assessment is proposed. The expediency of applying a systematic approach to the organization of independent work of students, taking into account continuity in teaching and upbringing at all stages of the educational process is proved. The article is intended for teachers of educational institutions;.the results of the study can serve as a criterion for the work of a teacher, an indicator of a creative attitude to his pedagogical activity.


Author(s):  
T.P. Kandaurova ◽  

The article considers the conditions for the formation of information culture of cadets of a military educational institution in the process of teaching physics, which contribute to improving the efficiency of the educational process. The author outlined various approaches to the concept of "information culture": philosophical, informational and cultural. From the point of view of these approaches the definition of the information culture of the individual is given. The author identifies and describes the main components of the information culture of the individual. Based on this, the pedagogical conditions for the formation of information culture of cadets are formulated: the motivation of cadets to master information culture in the process of active cognitive activity in the study of physics, associated with the projection of educational tasks for the future profession; the use of problem-based learning that promotes the development of consciousness through the resolution of cognitive problems containing contradictions; the creation of a comfortable information and educational environment.


2021 ◽  
pp. 227-239
Author(s):  
Светлана Александровна Корягина

Основные проблемы современного образования нельзя решать без его развития. Ученые и практики обращают внимание на устаревшие формы и технологии управления работой со студентами. В современных условиях решать проблемы образования традиционными системами управления и методами становится все сложнее, поэтому возникает необходимость в адекватном построении методической оснащенности образовательного процесса в учебном заведении, что актуализирует необходимость обеспечения системы образования методическими  разработками, дидактическими материалами, которые отвечают современным требованиям педагогической практики. Организационными формами методической работы вуза являются: научно-методическая и педагогический совет; аттестация преподавателей; предметные кафедры, творческие лаборатории преподавателей; школа молодого преподавателя; психолого-педагогические и методические семинары; методические школы преподавателей-новаторов; подготовка методических пособий, публикаций в периодических и профессиональных изданиях. Большинство вышеупомянутых видов методического обеспечения являются традиционными, но все они дают возможность внедрять инновации. Однако обращается внимание только на формы и методы организации образовательного процесса, а не на психолого-педагогическое сопровождение познавательной деятельности преподавателей и методическое обеспечение управленческой деятельности как источника качества и результативности их профессиональной деятельности. Реалии выдвигают новые требования к методическому обеспечению образовательного процесса в вузt, требуя менять цели, функции и содержание, превращая уровень его качества в научно-методический. Суть и назначение научно методического обеспечения заключается в создании условий для формирования и личностно-профессионального становления преподавателей, развития их педагогических способностей, творческого потенциала. The main problems of modern education cannot be solved without its development. Scientists and practitioners pay attention to outdated forms and technologies of managing work with students. In modern conditions, it is becoming increasingly difficult to solve the problems of education with traditional management systems and methods, therefore, there is a need for an adequate construction of methodological equipment of the educational process in an educational institution, which actualizes the need to provide the education system with methodological developments, didactic materials that meet modern requirements of pedagogical practice. Organizational forms of methodological work of the university are: scientific and methodological and pedagogical council; certification of teachers; subject departments, creative laboratories of teachers; school of a young teacher; psychological, pedagogical and methodological seminars; methodological schools of innovative teachers; preparation of methodological manuals, publications in periodicals and professional publications. Most of the above-mentioned types of methodological support are traditional, but all of them make it possible to introduce innovations. However, attention is drawn only to the forms and methods of organizing the educational process, and not to the psychological and pedagogical support of the cognitive activity of teachers and methodological support of managerial activities as a source of quality and effectiveness of their professional activities. The realities put forward new requirements for the methodological support of the educational process at the university, requiring changing the goals, functions and content, turning its quality level into a scientific and methodological one. The essence and purpose of scientific and methodological support is to create conditions for the formation and personal and professional development of teachers, the development of their pedagogical abilities, creative potential.


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
I.P. Pashkova ◽  
H.O. Palahniuk ◽  
M.O. Matokhniuk

The present article considers the results of implementing the distance learning technologies at Vinnytsia National Pirogov Memorial Medical University in the process of mastering the discipline "Internal Medicine". Today, the amount of information that is so necessary for obtaining, understanding and mastering knowledge is growing rapidly. Given the current pace of development of education, today it is quite important to find innovative forms of quality organization of the educational process. This led to the introduction of information technology in education and the formation of a separate type of learning - distance learning. Now in Ukraine, distance learning is widely developing at all levels of education, this makes it possible to individualize the process of acquiring knowledge, abilities, skills and methods of human cognitive activity, which occurs mainly through the indirect interaction of participants in the educational process distant from each other in a specialized environment, functioning based on modern information and communication technologies.


Author(s):  
Olga O. Hreilikh ◽  
Natalia O. Vydolob

The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the importance of interaction between teachers and students in modern higher education, as well as the need to cover the psychological features of such interaction from the point of view of developing a qualitative assessment of their role and place in the educational process of a higher educational institution. The purpose of the study is to formulate psychological aspects of “teacher-student” communication within the educational space to identify methods of its regulation. The leading approach of the research is a combination of theoretical analysis of the main aspects of pedagogical interaction between teachers and students in an educational institution taking into account the main functions and tasks of each of the groups under consideration and structural synthesis of the features of this type of interaction based on psychological factors of communication on the scale of a higher educational institution. The research considers issues related to the psychological features of pedagogical interaction between teachers and students in modern higher education. Qualitative indicators of communicative relations of subjects of the educational process, in particular teachers and students, are determined. The key psychological features of pedagogical interaction in the “teacherstudent” system are highlighted, including the development of trust in the authority of the teacher, taking into account students' individual factors in the process of studying subjects within the programme, maintaining a positive psychological climate in subject-subject relations. The necessity of developing a qualitative assessment of the level of communication between teachers and students as an objective factor for further assessment of the overall level of their pedagogical interaction effectiveness and the psychological characteristics of each of the groups under consideration is emphasised. The results and conclusions of the research are of practical value both for modern applicants for higher education and for representatives of the teaching staff of modern higher educational institutions concerned with the problems of building high-quality communication among each other, taking into account the individual characteristics and qualities of each group


Author(s):  
Ivan S. Dronov

A characteristic feature of the vast majority of activity spheres in the modern education system is their systematization. The latest higher education standards center the teacher’s activity around the system and activity approach. That causes the need for its application in the use of information and communications technologies as a means of teaching a foreign language. We give the author’s definition of the term “methodical learning system”, which is interpreted as a component-related system of learning conditions, realizing its methodological potential through the interaction of participants in the educational process aimed at achieving the goal. This system includes five consecutive blocks, including: 1) prerequisites (modern requirements of the Federal Educational Standard of Higher Education), social order for training in the field of written academic discourse, contradictions between the linguodidactic potential of the study group blog, the lack of practical methods of teaching written academic discourse; 2) block target definition (goals and objectives of training); 3) theoretical justification block (list of principles of teaching written academic discourse, approaches to teaching written academic discourse); 4) functional block (organizational and pedagogical conditions, contents and methods of training, means and organizational forms of training); 5) evaluation block system operation results (components of evaluation of educational and cognitive activity, the learning process result). We note methodical system training integrity on the basis of property of integrativity promoting optimization of all components which general interaction is directed on achievement of the training purpose. The goal, for its part, is a system-forming element.


2020 ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
D. I. Popenkova ◽  
A. A. Nikolaeva

The article is devoted to the issues of conflict interaction in the “pupil – teacher” system in an educational institution. The purpose of the article is to consider the voiced problem through the prism of a socio-pedagogical approach, taking into account not only the state of society, but also the educational potential of the family, as well as the structure of the class team and the personal age characteristics of schoolchildren. Special attention has been paid to the negative side of the conflict, which affects the weak psyche of the pupil, as well as the mental health of the teacher, which ultimately worsens the psychological comfort at school and interferes the educational process. It has been shown that in conflict situation teacher`s behavior in most cases relates to such types of response as “repressive measures” and “ignoring the conflict”. In conflict situations in the “pupil – teacher” system, teachers use external suppression, as well as apply sanctions. Conflicts in the “pupil – teacher” system from the point of view of age characteristics of schoolchildren have been considered. The article is intended for employees of educational organizations and those interested in conflict issues.


Author(s):  
Olha Dzhoha

The article analyses the production and technological readiness of bachelors of vocational education in food technology, reveals the essence and outlines the main characteristics of the criteria, indicators and levels of production and technological readiness of bachelors of food technology. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the criteria, indicators and characteristics of the levels for diagnosing the initial level of production and technological readiness and further research and experimental work. The content of education embodies the desired result, a list of requirements for a graduate of an educational institution and provides for the receipt of educational information that, in aggregate, provides the potential for assimilating the knowledge system, mastering the system of skills and abilities, and forming worldview, civic and professionally significant personal qualities. Deep socio-economic, industrial and technological transformations taking place in Ukraine require new approaches to the system of training specialists in various industries and the search for new effective forms of organizing the educational process. To analyze the state of production and technological training of bachelors in the field of food technologies in pedagogical institutions of higher education, the general theoretical provisions of vocational education are considered, which form the basis for the selection of the content and organization of production and technological training. Achieving the goal involved the use of the following methods: analysis, comparison, systematization and generalization of normative documents, philosophical, psychological, pedagogical and methodological sources on the research topic, analysis of the structure of students in specialty 015.21 Vocational education (Food Technology) criteria, indicators and levels of production and technological readiness of bachelors of professional education in food technology. The use of a set of methods allowed to characterize the production and technological readiness of bachelors of food technology by the formation of indicators of relevant criteria (motivational-value, cognitive, activity, reflexive) at the following levels: high, medium, low. Substantiated criteria, indicators and characterized levels were used for research and experimental work, in particular, diagnosing the initial level of production and technological readiness.


Author(s):  
Serhii Voloshynov

In the article, based on the analysis of the principles of the competence approach and the project TUNING, the following features were identified in the process of graduate training of marine specialists in the Kherson State Maritime Academy: the practical orientation of educational programs, which is achieved by a clear definition of learning outcomes, consistent with the needs of society and economy; application of the concept of macrocompetence; qualitative changes in the way of understanding education; orientation on the formation of universal training actions by marine specialists; the application of B. Bloom's taxonomy with modifications made by scientists L. Anderson, D. Kraswall and P. Airazia; determine the results of training marine specialists in accordance with international standards. It is determined that the challenges faced by the educational institution in implementing the competence approach are the definition of learning goals, the transition to the formation and acquisition of competences by students, which is related to the requirements of modern society and the achievement of the major goals of higher education. The obstacles in the implementation of the competence approach are highlighted. It is noted that students of marine specialties should formulate universal educational activities, namely: to acquire knowledge in the process of independent work with educational literature; plan your activity; perceive, process and present educational information in various forms; to highlight the most important categories of teaching information in the text of the text; assessment skills; self-control ability. It is determined that the process of implementing the competence approach consists of two parts: technological and resource. The technological part determines the steps in implementing the modern organization of the educational process in accordance with the new realities. The resource part is inextricably linked with the implementation of technological.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Tumasheva

Introduction. Society and the state form an external request for the results of education, proceeding from their priority tasks and interests. Currently, the actual educational result is the functional literacy of students. The achievement of the demanded results of the educational process largely depends on the professionalism of the teacher who implements it. In this connection, the issue of training pedagogical personnel ready and able to form relevant educational results, in particular, the functional literacy of students, by means of individual subject areas, is of particular relevance. The first step to solving this issue is to study the pedagogical phenomenon, which is new for domestic science, "the readiness of future teachers to form students' functional literacy" and the development of its scientifically based model, which is the purpose of this article.Materials and Methods. In the process of work, theoretical (analysis, generalization, systematization, pedagogical modeling) and empirical (open observation, interviewing) research methods were used.Results. The main directions of pedagogical activity focused on the formation of functional literacy of students by means of individual subject areas are highlighted. This made it possible to clarify the content of the concept of "the readiness of future teachers to form the functional literacy of students." The structural-content model of the studied type of readiness is theoretically substantiated, in which motivational, emotional-volitional, cognitive, activity and reflexive-evaluative components are highlighted. The criteria (personal, cognitive, activity and regulatory) and the corresponding indicators for assessing the readiness of students of a pedagogical higher educational institution for the formation of students' functional literacy are formulated. The levels of formation of this readiness are described.Discussion and Conclusions. The implementation of modern education strategies is impossible without training the relevant teaching staff. The development of a scientifically grounded model of the readiness of future teachers to form students' functional literacy is just the beginning of the path to modernizing teacher education. Allocation of the readiness structure and the criterion apparatus for its assessment allows us to determine further guidelines for the design and implementation of the conditions for its formation.


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