scholarly journals Current Conditions and Opportunities of Biofarming in Hungary

2004 ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
Petra Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
External Resources ◽  
State Subsidies ◽  
Agricultural Yields ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of organic farming is not to maximize income, but to achieve optimal product quality. It is completed by the tightest possible material, and energy flow within the farm. Organic agriculture significantly reduces external inputs by avoiding the use of chemo-synthetic fertilizers, pesticides and pharmaceuticals. Instead it works with nature to increase both agricultural yields and disease resistance. Total independence of external resources can not be achieved in Hungary due to the small-scale of organic animal husbandry. Some materials in limited quantities can be purchased from external resources, though the group of these materials is strictly regulated. Organic farming harmonizes with the concept of European multifunctional agriculture, because besides farming, it includes social considerations, as it helps to maintain natural resources and the relationship between people and their environment, and provides a living for those living in the region.As regards organic farming the fertility of the soil and the health of vegetation can be influenced in various ways. Farmers have to be highly skilled and able to manage a farm with great expertise. Generally it can be stated that as the use of non-organically produced products is limited, the opportunities to correct failures made by the farmer are minimal, contrary to conventional farming. Farmers must be intent on developing the tightest material- and energy flow. This means that organic farms ideally have both animal husbandry and crop production. This energy and skill demanding system of farming is compensated by state subsidies, growing market share and relatively high prices for organic products.

scholarly journals Conventionalization of Organic Farms in Germany: An Empirical Investigation Based on a Composite Indicator Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Seidel ◽  
Thomas Heckelei ◽  
Sebastian Lakner
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Composite Indicator ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Indicator Approach ◽  
Linear Aggregation ◽  
Farm Types

The term “conventionalization” of organic agriculture was created to depict the controversially discussed phenomenon that organic agriculture departs from the core organic principles on which it is based. We present an empirical, index-based approach to investigate developments of organic farming practices towards conventionalization. An index of conventionalization can be used as a monitoring tool to support policymakers to further develop agricultural regulations. We calculate composite indicators for three farm types: farms specialized on crop production, farms specialized on animal husbandry, and mixed farms. Principal component analysis serves to derive objective weights based on the correlations between indicators which then allow a linear aggregation to the composite indicator. Results show that developments towards conventionalization of the whole organic farming sector cannot be detected for German farms between 2000 and 2009. Therefore, we do not see the necessity for changes in regulation of the organic sector with regard to conventionalization.

scholarly journals Modeling the relationship between the characteristics of agricultural holdings and the presence of organic farming

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (52) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Svetlana Roljević-Nikolić ◽  
Desimir Knežević ◽  
Vesna Paraušić
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Livestock Density ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Large Farms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intensive Growth

Organic farming is a fast growing market segment in the global food industry. Ecological and health benefits of organic farming are frequently emphasized. In addition, we have recently witnessed the promotion of its role in the development of rural areas by means of creating jobs and strengthening ties with local economies. This paper analyzes the relationship between the presence of organic farming and the main characteristics of agricultural holdings in the case of European Union countries. The objective is to identify factors which have a significant relationship with the organic farming sector and which can affect its future development. The results have shown that large farms are dominant in farm land management in the EU, which is related to the fact that there is a significant correlation between the availability of agricultural areas and the economic value of farms (r = 0.881**). There is a positive and significant correlation between the economic value of a holding and the number of livestock units on the farm (r = 0.940**), which indicates that animal husbandry has strong economic potential. When it comes to the relationships between the structural and economic indicators of agricultural holdings and the presence of organic farming, the results have shown that the number of organic producers is positively and significantly correlated with the available agricultural areas (r = 0.675**), and a strongly positively correlated with the economic value of farms (r = 0.810**). The areas under organic farming are also directly correlated with the utilized agricultural area (r = 0.836**), as well as with the number of livestock units (r = 0.793**), but they are slightly negatively correlated with livestock density (r = -0.211). Therefore, high livestock density can be a limiting factor for the further intensive growth of organic farming areas, considering the significant impact of animal husbandry on the environment.

Capitalism in Green Disguise: The Political Economy of Organic Farming in the European Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 830-852
Author(s):  
Charalampos Konstantinidis
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Family Farm ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Large Farm

Following the post-1992 Common Agricultural Policy, organic farming has expanded rapidly in the European Union. This growth is often considered evidence of the success of a distinctive model of small-scale family-farm agriculture. However, I show that European organic farms display features (large farm size, low labor intensity, high prevalence of mechanization, and adoption of monocultures) that are characteristic of capitalist rather than peasant farms. These features raise doubts about whether European organic farming exemplifies repeasantization. JEL Classification: B50, O13, Q18

scholarly journals Participation of Rural Women in Organic Farming

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nahida Yasmin Nishi ◽  
Md. Matiul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Bashir Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Organic Product ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Women's Participation

The study assessed the participation of rural women in organic farming and explored the relationship between selected characteristics of the rural women and their extent of participation in organic farming. This investigation was a survey type of research involving descriptive and diagnostic type of research design. The study was conducted at seven unions of Batiaghata Upazila under Khulna district of Bangladesh namely Amirpur, Gangarampur, Jalma, Batiaghata, Baliadanga, Bhanderkote and Surkhali. Data were collected from randomly selected 140 respondents during the period of 20th January to 15th February, 2019. Correlation(s) test was used to ascertain the relationships between the concerned independent variables and the dependent variable and simple linear regression was done to determine the effect of the selected five independent variables (agricultural training, knowledge, attitude, practice and problem) on participation. Majority (52.1%) of the women had medium participation followed by high (44.3%) and low (3.6%) participation. Considering broadly selected 7-aspects of organic farming, the rural women’s participation was highest in land management while it was lowest in marketing the product. Among 24 issues women were found to be greatly involved in collection of organic product from their own residence while it was least in case of collection of organic product from farm. Agricultural training, knowledge, attitude and practice showed positive significant relationship out of fifteen selected characteristics of rural women and only problem showed negative significant relationship with their participation in organic farming. In case of simple linear regression 7%, 14.44%, 18.85%, 18.96% and 8.69% of the participation can be explained by the variables as agricultural training, knowledge, attitude, practice and problem respectively. It can be concluded that women participation was confined only in small scale crop production and there is a need for further enhancement of the extent of participation of rural women in organic farming.

scholarly journals Development of a Year-round Student Organic Farm and Organic Farming Curriculum at Michigan State University

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Biernbaum ◽  
Mathieu Ngouajio ◽  
Laurie Thorp
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Independent Learning ◽  
Community Supported Agriculture ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Michigan State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Crop Selection

How do you teach community supported agriculture (CSA) principles, small-scale organic farming, and local food issues at a major land grant university and develop related small-scale farming research and outreach? You create a place and opportunities for students, staff, and faculty to work together with the soil and plants to raise food in a non-classroom farm setting. After several years of discussion and obtaining funding, the Michigan State University (MSU) Student Organic Farm (SOF) CSA started in May 2003 with 25 memberships and increased to 50 after 1 year. The farm allows experiential learning of CSA management, crop selection, scheduling, maintenance, harvest, and organic farming methods. The CSA helps many MSU students and faculty see the value of supporting local organic food systems. With more than 3 years of experience working with students to run the SOF and the CSA, we are in the process of developing an organic farming certificate program. A total of 40 credits will include 12 months on campus plus a 16-week on-farm internship. The program has three major components: 1) organic farming courses with seven one-credit courses; 2) horticultural crop production courses with eight courses for a total of 15 credits; and 3) approximately 20 credits of experiential course work combined with classroom and independent learning.

scholarly journals Farmers’ perceptions of farm management practices and development plans on organic farms in Finland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Väre ◽  
Tiina E. A. Mattila ◽  
Pasi Rikkonen ◽  
Maria Hirvonen ◽  
Risto H. Rautiainen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Conventional Farms ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
New Entrants

AbstractOrganic farming is increasing in Finland, and organic farms have become larger than conventional farms, on average. As the structural change has been rapid, farmers need a broad range of new competencies to manage their farms, ranging from agronomic skills to advanced technology, labor management, and marketing skills. In this study, the characteristics of organic and conventional farms and farmers were assessed, with special focus on management practices and future development plans on organic farms. The study was based on telephone interviews of a sample of active farmers who applied for agricultural subsidies in 2014. The data consisted of 3045 farmers; 312 of them practiced organic farming and 2733 conventional farming. The data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Having beef production as the main production line, having plans to develop farm production in the next 5 years, considering farm management as very important, and frequently experiencing mental strain because of farm management were significant predictors for being an organic farmer. Dairy production was less frequently organic compared to crop production. Nearly half (42%) of organic farmers planned to make changes in their farming, most commonly expanding their production. Thus, competence for managing the farm operation becomes more crucial, which increases the need for training and management consulting services. Organic farming may increase with both farm successions and new entrants joining the farming sector. Special attention should be paid to supporting these new entrants without farm-family background.

scholarly journals Selected Properties of Soils for Long-Term Use in Organic Farming

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Niemiec ◽  
Maciej Chowaniak ◽  
Jakub Sikora ◽  
Anna Szeląg-Sikora ◽  
Zofia Gródek-Szostak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Farms

The goal of organic farming with respect to plant production is to create high-quality products while minimizing human impacts. The aim of this paper was to assess soil properties in selected organic farms in terms of the achievement of general and specific objectives of organic farming. Fifty five (55) organic farms were selected for the research; twenty five (25) of those farms additionally had conventional animal production with cattle breeding. Soil samples were collected from each farm and, the following parameters, deciding about the suitability for agriculture were determined: pH, content of organic carbon, available phosphorus and potassium, mineral nitrogen, and Total nitrogen content. The content of available phosphorus and mineral nitrogen was very low or low in most of the studied soils, which can lead to disturbance of homeostasis of agroecosystems. Potassium content in these soils was high. The properties of the studied soils indicate a high risk of chemical and biological degradation. Without implementing actions that control the pH and increase the content of nitrogen and phosphorus elements, the degradation will increase. Soil properties in the group of farms with animal production were more beneficial from the point of view of crop production, compared with farms that do not breed animals.

scholarly journals Does Small-Scale Organic Farming Contribute to the Local Environment—A Case Study in Suburban Shanghai, China

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1601
Author(s):  
Reija Hietala ◽  
Pingyang Liu ◽  
Shengxin Qi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Chemical Inputs ◽  
Local Water

Small-scale organic farming is developing rapidly in China, especially in suburbs of megacities, and enriches the connotation of urban agriculture–. Much attention has been paid to the socio-economic aspects of small-scale organic farming and takes for granted that it contributes to the local environment and the sustainable agriculture while little has been explored regarding its actual environmental contributions and associated influencing factors, especially in those rapid developing suburb areas. Based on the case study of three small-scale organic farms in the suburbs of Shanghai, we examined uncertificated organic farming practices, focusing on the farm diversity, fertilization and pest control without chemical inputs, and the restoration of biosystems. Potential of environmental contributions were evaluated from the production perspective of input reductions. It was found that such uncertificated small-scale organic farming does contribute to the local water environment, helping improve soil quality, and gradual recovery of farm biodiversity. However, all the environmental benefits are fragile and highly dependent on the profit availability and professional knowledge of the farm as well as the availability of policy supports.

The main directions of scientific support for the implementation of the system of organic farming in Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (90) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
V.F. Kaminskyi ◽  
S.G. Korsun
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Organic Crop Production ◽  
Advanced Production ◽  
And Training ◽  
Organizational Issue

The aim of this work was to study the basic directions of scientific support introduction of organic farming in Ukraine. The study used methods of comparison, synthesis, analysis, induction and deduction. The article indicated on the main areas that need special attention from researchers and suggests one possible mechanism to remove the remaining obstacles to organizational issue introduction of scientific developments in the production of organic and training areas. This can speed up the creation of new and manage existing land ownership and land use organic farming with the introduction of advanced production technology of organic crop production.

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