scholarly journals Age of puberty and conception rates of Hungarian Merino, (Merino x Somali) F1 and (Merino x Barbados Blackbelly) F1 ewes

2012 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Gergely Gyimóthy ◽  
Nóra Vass ◽  
Péter Balogh ◽  
András Jávor ◽  
András Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Standard Error ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
Exact Date ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Statistical Deviation

The aim of our examination was to detect the puberty of the Hungarian Merino and its hairsheep crossbred ewes, and also to determine their average conception rates after having ram exposed in May and June. Hormon diagnostation was used to evaluate the exact date of the very first ovulation. Ultrasound technique was used for checking the conception rates of ewes. The pregnancy detection was applied after a month of the date of taking off the ram.We evaluated the ages of ewes at puberty. Statistical deviation and standard error were calculated. The results proved the Hungarian Merino x Somali (N=10), ((x ± s) = 173 ± 43) and also the Hungarian Merino x Barbados Blackbelly crossbred genotypes (N=7), ((x ± s) = 186 ± 19) have their puberty much earlier as compared to the fullbred Hungarian Merino ewes (N=10), ((x ± s) = 231 ± 95). We experienced the highest conception rate in the group of the (Hungarian Merino x Somali) F1 ewes after exposing the ram in the „out-of season” period of time.

Evaluation of intrauterine insemination of sheep with frozen semen: effects of time of insemination and semen dose on conception rates

1991 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. F. Findlater ◽  
W. Haresign ◽  
R. M. Curnock ◽  
N. F. G. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Laparoscopic Technique ◽  
Motile Sperm ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin

ABSTRACTThe field application of a laparoscopic technique to permit intra-uterine insemination of ewes with frozen-thawed semen was examined in two trials, conducted over successive years, to (i) determine the optimum time of insemination relative to sponge removal/pregnant mares's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) injection and (ii) establish the relationship between semen dose and conception rate. Pooled semen was used in both trials, and each involved > 900 ewes in a number of commercial flocks.Maximum conception rates were achieved when insemination was conducted between 54 h and 60 h after sponge removal/ PMSG injection. However, there was no significant difference in conception rate when motile sperm numbers were reduced from 52·2 × 106to 13·0 × 106 motile sperm per uterine horn.The overall conception rates (pooled over flocks and treatment groups) were 56% and 58% for the two trials, with a wide degree of variation between flocks in both cases (45% to 79% for trial 1 and 45% to 69% for trial 2). However, there was evidence for consistent differences in conception rates between the six flocks involved in both years of the trials.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Techniques Applied to Body Fat Measurement in Male and Female Athletes

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Pineau ◽  
Jean Robert Filliard ◽  
Michel Bocquet
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Portable Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Device

Abstract Context: For athletes in disciplines with weight categories, it is important to assess body composition and weight fluctuations. Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of measuring body fat percentage with a portable ultrasound device possessing high accuracy and reliability versus fan-beam, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Design: Cross-validation study. Setting: Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 93 athletes (24 women, 69 men), aged 23.5 ± 3.7 years, with body mass index  =  24.0 ± 4.2 and body fat percentage via DEXA  =  9.41 ± 8.1 participated. All participants were elite athletes selected from the Institut National des Sports et de l'Education Physique. These participants practiced a variety of weight-category sports. Main Outcome Measure(s): We measured body fat and body fat percentage using an ultrasound technique associated with anthropometric values and the DEXA reference technique. Cross-validation between the ultrasound technique and DEXA was then performed. Results: Ultrasound estimates of body fat percentage were correlated closely with those of DEXA in both females (r  =  0.97, standard error of the estimate  =  1.79) and males (r  =  0.98, standard error of the estimate  =  0.96). The ultrasound technique in both sexes had a low total error (0.93). The 95% limit of agreement was −0.06 ± 1.2 for all athletes and did not show an overprediction or underprediction bias. We developed a new model to produce body fat estimates with ultrasound and anthropometric dimensions. Conclusions: The limits of agreement with the ultrasound technique compared with DEXA measurements were very good. Consequently, the use of a portable ultrasound device produced accurate body fat and body fat percentage estimates in relation to the fan-beam DEXA technique.

Prediction of conception rate in extensive beef herds in north-western Australia. 2. Continuous mating and minimal management

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK O'Rourke ◽  
VJ Doogan ◽  
DJ Robertson ◽  
D Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Beef Herds ◽  
Survival Risk

Data from a continuously mated, unweaned and unsupplemented herd of 400 Bos indicus cross cows at 'Kidman Springs', from 1981-85, were used to develop statistical models for conception rate and pattern. At the annual muster in June, an average of 49% of cows were rearing a calf; 15% of these and 75% of those not rearing a calf were pregnant; and 54% conceived within the next 12 months. Cows non-pregnant in June had higher conception rates than pregnant ones (75 v. 33%), and among pregnant cows, those which had reared a calf had higher conception rates than those which had not (40 v. 26%). Cows that had not reared a calf were much heavier and in better condition in June than those that had, while pregnant cows were slightly heavier and better conditioned than non-pregnant ones. The effect of liveweight or condition score in June on subsequent conception rate was consistent across years, reproductive classes and cow ages. Conception rates responded linearly to increases in liveweight, in the range 250-400 kg, by 11 percentage points up to October and by 24 points up to June. Similar linear responses to condition score in the range poor-good condition were 8 points by October and 15 points by June. Reproductive wastage was high, with 20% of cows diagnosed pregnant in June failing to rear their calf to branding. Low-cost management options to improve reproductive efficiency should be aimed at reducing nutritional stress and improving seasonal nutrition. To improve on the norm of a calf every second year in this environment, the class of cows not rearing a calf but pregnant and expected to calve by December has the greatest potential to conceive in consecutive years and should be segregated for preferential management. Conversely, aged cows not rearing a calf have comparatively low fertility and non-pregnant younger cows not rearing a calf are likely to be a survival risk following an out-ofseason conception. Both groups should be culled.

Pre-partum supplementation increases first-lactation heifer re-conception rates in the Victoria River District, NT

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Schatz
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Method ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Late Start ◽  
On Farm

Previous studies have reported inconsistent results when attempting to use pre-partum supplementation to improve re-conception rates in first-lactation heifers in northern Australia. It has been speculated that where no improvement in re-conception rates was found that it may have been because supplementation was stopped before the wet season began, and the benefits from supplementation were lost when heifers lost weight between the end of supplementation and the start of the wet season. This study was conducted to determine whether re-conception rates in Brahman first-lactation heifers in the Victoria River District (VRD) could be reliably improved by pre-partum supplementation with high protein supplements (at a rate of 0.4% of liveweight per day). Re-conception rates were significantly higher in supplemented (SUP) heifers in each of the 3 years of this study (re-conception rates were an average of 42 % units higher in SUP heifers over the 3 years). It was concluded that feeding pre-partum protein supplements for a period of at least 100 days until green grass is available at the start of the wet season is a reliable method of increasing re-conception rates in first-lactation heifers in the VRD. However, even with large increases in re-conception rate, the profitability of supplementation strategies in northern Australia need to be carefully evaluated due to high on-farm costs of supplements. Profitability is also adversely affected when the feeding period is extended due to a late start to the wet season.

The effects of different cultivars of subterranean clover (T. subterraneum L.) on sheep reproduction in the South-west of Western Australia

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
HL Davies ◽  
RC Rossiter ◽  
R Maller
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Uterine Prolapse ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
The South ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
South West ◽  
Conception Rates

The cultivars Dwalganup, Geraldton, Yarloop, Woogenellup, and Mt. Barker were each grazed continuously by Merino and Merino x Border Leicester ewes from April 1963 to November 1967. There was a progressive decline in the proportion of Merino ewes conceiving on the three high oestrogen cultivars Dwalganup, Geraldton, and Yarloop; crossbred ewes showed a decline on Dwalganup and Yarloop. For neither breed of sheep was the decline in conception rate significant on the two low oestrogen cultivars Woogenellup and Mt. Barker. The incidence of uterine prolapse was higher on the high oestrogen cultivars. The percentage lambs marked in 1967 was only 50% for the high oestrogen cultivars (excluding the crossbred ewes on Geraldton), compared with 93% for the low group. Conception rates were significantly related to the concentration of the isoflavone formononetin in the clover leaves.

Prediction of conception rate in extensive beef herds in north-western Australia. 1. Seasonal mating and improved management

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK O'Rourke ◽  
VJ Doogan ◽  
TH McCosker ◽  
AR Eggington
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Return On Capital ◽  
Condition Score

Statistical models for conception rate were developed using data collected at a mid dry season (August-September) muster from a controlled-mated and supplemented herd of 900 Brahman cross cows at Mt Bundey from 1980-84. Average conception rates were 74% for maidens, 25% for first-lactation cows, 51 % for 4-10-year-old lactating cows, 54% for >10-year-old lactating cows and 96% for non-lactating cows. Although year effects dominated, they were partially explained by severity of the dry season and were consistent across levels of the other factors. Pregnant maiden heifers weighed 13 kg more than non-pregnant ones at the end of mating, after allowing for the weight of the fetus and gravid uterus. Conception rate of first-lactation cows was not affected by month of calving, adjusted mid dry season weight or condition score, possibly because of narrow ranges in these factors based on selection. For mature lactating cows the main effects on conception rate were month of calving (+11% for September to -16% for December or later), previous lactation (+6% for having reared a calf), adjusted mid dry season weight (-16% for <300 kg to +9% for >350 kg) and condition score (-17% for backward and store to +16% for good condition). Corresponding effects for aged lactating cows were +14% for September to -19% for December or later calving, +8% for previously rearing a calf, and -24% for backward store and store to +23% for good condition cows. The high conception rates for non-lactating cows corresponded with high liveweights and condition scores. A low cost, practical implementation of these models is based on previous lactation status and condition score in the mid dry season, with pregnancy diagnosis added at the next stage. Reproductive classes could be segregated on this basis for improved management and nutrition and to gain an economic return on capital invested in cattle control.

23 EFFECTS OF THE NUMBER OF SERVICES FERTILITY IN DAIRY COWS

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yamaguchi ◽  
M. Tanisawa ◽  
H. Koyama ◽  
S. Takahashi ◽  
O. Dochi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Third ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Service Conception ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Rectal Palpation

In recent years, reproductive performance of dairy cows has been declining worldwide, especially among cows of high genetic merit for milk production. The cause of the low fertility may considerably vary across countries and is probably multifactorial. This problem remains unsolved. Further, the first-service conception rate of dairy cows has remarkably decreased worldwide. The number of services required for conception has increased due to the low fertility in dairy cows. However, there are few reports about the relationship between conception rates and the number of services in the current dairy cows. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the number of services affects the conception rates of dairy cows. Data concerning the conception rates was obtained for 8386 Holstein cows from 40 commercial dairy herds in eastern Hokkaido, Japan, from 2006 to 2009. The diagnosis of pregnancy was confirmed by rectal palpation between 30 and 45 days after insemination. The average interval between calving and the first-service was 87.3 days. The average milk yield was 8500 kg. Number of conducting services was from the first to the seventh service. The conception rate was analysed using chi-square test. The results are presented in Table1. The conception rate from the first to the seventh service was 40.2 to 54.0%. The conception rate at the first service was significantly low (40.2%); however, the conception rates did not significantly differ after the second-service. A similar tendency was observed during each year. Moreover, the total percentage of conceptions from the first to the third service was 83.8%. The average number of services per conception was 2.2. The results of this study indicate that the first service yielded the lowest conception rates. The conception rates after the second service did not significantly differ. Moreover, ∼84% of the dairy cows became pregnant between the first service and the third service. However, this result shows that ∼16% of the dairy cows in the herds were repeat breeding. In order to improve fertility, it is necessary to study the factors that affect the first-service conception rates of dairy cows. Moreover, to improve the conception rate of dairy cows, it is important to elucidate the cause of these problems. Table 1.The number and percentage of dairy cows conceiving at each of the services for consecutive services

scholarly journals Effects of GnRH, PGF2α and oxytocin treatments on conception rate at the time of artificial insemination in lactating dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 279-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gümen ◽  
A. Keskin ◽  
G. Yilmazbas-Mecitoglu ◽  
E. Karakaya ◽  
S. Cevik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
And Control

In several studies, hormones such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), prostaglandins and oxytocin were used to increase pregnancy rate by inducing ovulation and improving the sperm transport in the female reproductive tract in lactating dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of GnRH, prostaglandin F<sub>2&alpha;</sub> (PGF<sub>2&alpha;</sub>) and oxytocin treatments at the time of artificial insemination (AI) after spontaneous oestrus on the conception rate (CR) of lactating dairy cows. Oestrus was detected by visual observations by experienced personnel. All cows (n = 430, 308 Holstein-Frisian and 122 Swedish-Red dairy cows) were inseminated based on the am/pm rule by veterinarians of the farm. After AI, cows were alternately assigned to one of the four treatment groups: (1) GnRH (n = 113); (2) PGF<sub>2&alpha;</sub> (n = 106);<br />(3) oxytocin (n = 106) and (4) non-treated control (n = 105). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed 28&ndash;34 and 58&ndash;64 days post-insemination by transrectal ultrasonography. Conception rates on days 28&ndash;34 and 58&ndash;64 were not different among GnRH (46.0%; 52/113 and 44.3%; 50/113), PGF<sub>2&alpha;</sub> (37.7%; 40/106 and 35.9%; 38/106) and control (49.5%; 52/105 and 47.6%; 50/105) groups. However, conception rates were lower (P = 0.02) in oxytocin (31.1%; 33/106 and 30.2%; 32/106) than in GnRH and control groups on days 28&ndash;34 and 58&ndash;64. Other covariant factors, such as milk production, days in milk (DIM), breed, parity, service number did not affect the conception rate. Thus, there were no beneficial effects of treatments with GnRH and PGF2&alpha; at the time of AI, and oxytocin had an adverse effect on CR in lactating dairy cows in this study.

scholarly journals The Effect of Amylase, Catalase, and a Decapacitating Preparation on Fertility of Bull Semen Diluted in Ambient Temperature Extender

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 691 ◽  
Author(s):  
KL Macmillan
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Return Rate ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Bull Semen ◽  
Conception Rates

Four ejaculates from each of three bulls were diluted in four ambient temperature extenders: (1) Caprogen; (2) Caprogen containing 8 fl-gfml ",�amylase; (3) Caprogen containing 4�5 fl-gfml catalase; and (4) Caprogen containing amylase and catalase. The conception rate (49�day % non-return rate) for each extender was 64�63; 63�37; 64�58; and 66�09% respectively. Whereas the addition of catalase significantly increased conception rates (P = 0�025), the addition of amylase did not (P &gt; 0�25). There was a significant enzyme interaction, suggesting that any beneficial effect attributable to the amylolytic preparation was only exerted in the presence of catalase (P &lt; 0�025). The significant improvement in in vitro livability at 37�C by the addition of amylase in the absence of catalase was minor compared to the improvement in livability obtained by the addition of catalase

scholarly journals Rasio Jenis Kelamin Kelahiran Anak Kambing Peranakan Ettawa (PE) Hasil Inseminasi Buatan Menggunakan Spermatozoa Swim Up

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
Sariadi Sariadi ◽  
Dasrul Dasrul ◽  
Muslim Akmal
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Multiple Test ◽  
Conception Rates

(The ratio of birth sex of ettawa crossbreed goat by artificial insemination using spermatozoa swim up)ABSTRACT. The aim of this research was to determine the ratio of birth sex of ettawa crossbreed goat by artificial insemination using spermatozoa swim up. This research was at Reproduction Laboratory Faculty of Veterinary medicine Syiah Kuala university and Livestock Group SMD, Bener Meriah Regency. Fifteen female goats with age 8-24 months where used in this study and divided into 3 treatment groups (P0, P1, P2) and 5 replications of each. The first group (P0) inseminated with sperm without swim up; P1 and P2 inseminated with sperm which swim up for 5 minutes (P1) and 10 minutes (P2). The result of conception rates observation and sex ratio of children born tabulated into tables. The data was analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) one way pattern followed by the multiple test Duncan. The results showed that the conception rate and birth sex ratio of male born had significantly different (P0,05). The segregation of sperm which swim up increased the conception rate and birth sex ratio of male born.

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