scholarly journals Radio and microprocessor technology for ensuring railway transport safety.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
Ar.A. Mukha ◽  
◽  
O.V. Fedukhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Service Personnel ◽  
New Class ◽  
Autonomous Operation ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Microprocessor Technology ◽  
High Level

The need to minimize losses and accidents is an important factor in sustainable technical development. One of the industries characterized by a high level of danger is rail transport. This problem changes its scale with the increase in the number of vehicles, its traffic intensity and speed. Another special diffi-culty is that significant infrastructural development, which involves the construction of a large number of complex and expensive facilities such as interchanges, overpasses and underpasses, is impossible in today's economic environment. Therefore, there are some promising solutions aimed at developing and implementing a new class of systems that provide a high level of safety and are able to correct negative accident statistics and solve the problem of not harming people's lives on rail transport. The article is devoted to the problem of traffic safety at railway crossings, railway crosswalks and in the work areas of service personnel. An information approach aimed at improving traffic safety and timely informing road users about emergencies and dangerous situations in their area approach is developed in the work. It is offered to solve the mentioned above tasks at the expense of the creation of digital information systems of a new class. The main differences between the created systems are the use of microprocessor systems, wireless communications and energy-saving technologies. The systems themselves must meet modern requirements for reliability, fault tolerance, and dependability. The article describes some basic options for the implementation of control and information systems for railway crossings «Blagovist», railway crosswalks «Blagovist-Р» and for a mobile system for service personnel working on the tracks «Blago-vist-SP». The systems have technologies for autonomous operation and wireless transmission of infor-mation.

Modeling and design of role engineering in development of access control for dynamic information systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Poniszewska-Marańda
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
Minimal Set ◽  
Distributed Information ◽  
Heterogeneous Information ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Model Independent ◽  
Role Concept ◽  
High Level

Abstract Nowadays, the growth and complexity of functionalities of current information systems, especially dynamic, distributed and heterogeneous information systems, makes the design and creation of such systems a difficult task and at the same time, strategic for businesses. A very important stage of data protection in an information system is the creation of a high level model, independent of the software, satisfying the needs of system protection and security. The process of role engineering, i.e. the identification of roles and setting up in an organization is a complex task. The paper presents the modeling and design stages in the process of role engineering in the aspect of security schema development for information systems, in particular for dynamic, distributed information systems, based on the role concept and the usage concept. Such a schema is created first of all during the design phase of a system. Two actors should cooperate with each other in this creation process, the application developer and the security administrator, to determine the minimal set of user’s roles in agreement with the security constraints that guarantee the global security coherence of the system.

scholarly journals Contrasting Perspectives on the Comfort and Safety of Pedestrians Interacting with Other Road Users

2021 ◽  
Vol 2675 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Alexander Bigazzi ◽  
Gurdiljot Gill ◽  
Meghan Winters
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Road User ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
User Interactions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
Sample Representation

Assessments of interactions between road users are crucial to understanding comfort and safety. However, observers may vary in their perceptions and ratings of road user interactions. The objective of this paper is to examine how perceptions of yielding, comfort, and safety for pedestrian interactions vary among observers, ranging from members of the public to road safety experts. Video clips of pedestrian interactions with motor vehicles and bicycles were collected from 11 crosswalks and shown to three groups of participants (traffic safety experts, an engaged citizen advisory group, and members of the general public) along with questions about yielding, comfort, and risk of injury. Experts had similar views of yielding and comfort to the other two groups, but a consistently lower assessment of injury risk for pedestrians in the study. Respondent socio-demographics did not relate to perceptions of yielding, comfort, or risk, but self-reported travel habits did. Respondents who reported walking more frequently rated pedestrian comfort as lower, and respondents who reported cycling more frequently rated risk as lower for pedestrian interactions with both motor vehicles and bicycles. Findings suggest small groups of engaged citizens can provide useful information about public perspectives on safety that likely diverge from expert assessments of risk, and that sample representation should be assessed in relation to travel habits rather than socio-demographics.

Road barriers: modern solutions for improving traffic safety

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
The Impact

Improving the system of preventive measures aimed at reducing the severity of the consequences of road accidents is an urgent task. Road deaths are constantly increasing and there is a need for a comprehensive approach to creating safe road conditions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the promising designs of road barriers designed to prevent uncontrolled exit of vehicles from the roadway of the highway and to develop the design of energy-absorbing fencing. Barrier barriers must not only be safe for road users, but must also ensure their safety, as well as preserve the elements after hitting the fence. Analytical studies have shown that in order to reduce mechanical damage to vehicles and reduce the severity of injuries to the driver and passengers, it is necessary to develop a road fence design that allows you to extinguish the impact energy at the moment of contact between the car and the fence. Keywords: fencing, barrier, safety, traffic accident

scholarly journals The Effects of ITS Application in Speed Management on State Road From Mali Pozarevac to Kragujevac

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomislav Petrović ◽  
Miloš Milosavljević ◽  
Milan Božović ◽  
Danislav Drašković ◽  
Milija Radović
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Accident Risk ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Speed Management ◽  
On The Road

The application of intelligent transport systems (hereinafter ITSs) on roads enables continuous monitoring of road users during a whole year with the aim to collect good-quality data based on which the more complex analyses could be done, such as monitoring of certain traffic safety indicators. Automatic traffic counters are one of the most commonly implemented ITSs for collecting traffic flow parameters that are relevant for traffic management on state roads in Republic of Serbia. This paper presents one of the possible ways to collect, analyze and present data on road users’ speeds using automatic traffic counters, where certain traffic safety indicators are analyzed in terms of road users’ compliance with the speed limit on the road section from Mali Pozarevac to Kragujevac. Based on the analyses of data downloaded from automatic traffic counters, it is observed that an extremely high percentage of vehicles drive at speed higher than the speed limit, indicating clearly to higher traffic accident risk, as well as to the need for a tendency to implement speed management on roads using ITS in the forthcoming period.

scholarly journals Exploring the Informal Communication of Driver-to-Driver on Roads: A Case Study of Durban City, South Africa.

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jacob Adedayo Adedeji ◽  
Xoliswa Feikie
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Road User ◽  
Novice Drivers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Hand Signal ◽  
On The Road

Road traffic fatality is rated as one of the ten causes of death in the world and with various preventive measures on a global level, this prediction is only placed on flat terrain and didn’t reduce. Nevertheless, road users’ communication is an essential key to traffic safety. This communication, be it formal or informal between the road users is an important factor for smooth traffic flow and safety. Communication language on roads can be categorized into; formal device-based signal (formal signal), formal hand signal (formal signal), informal device-based signal (informal signal), and informal gesture-based signal (everyday signal). However, if the intent of the message conveys is not properly understood by the other road user, mistakes and errors may set in. Overall, the formal signal is based on explicit learning which occurs during the driving training and the license testing process and the informal, implicit learning occur during the actual driving process on the road unintentionally. Furthermore, since the informal signal is not a prerequisite to driving or taught in driving schools, novice drivers are clueless and thus, might have contributed to errors and mistakes which leads to traffic fatalities. Therefore, this study seeks to document the informal means of communication between drivers on South African roads. Consequently, a qualitative semi-structured interview questionnaire would be used in the collection of informal signals, which were predominantly used on South African roads from driving instructors and thereafter, a focus group of passengers’ car, commercial and truck drivers will be used to validate the availability and their understanding of these informal signals using a Likert-type scale for the confidence level. In conclusion, the information gathered from this study will help improve road safety and understanding of road users especially drivers on the necessity of communication and possible adaptation for other developing countries.

Intelligent Content Driving of Engineering Model System in Modeling Platform

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Model System ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Engineering Model ◽  
Academic Organizations ◽  
Autonomous Operation ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
High Level ◽  
Engineering Modeling ◽  
Component Models

Engineering modeling software systems have been developed during a long integration process from separated partial solutions to current modeling software platforms (MSPs). MSP is expected to provide all necessary model creation and application capabilities during integrated innovation and the life cycle of commercial and industrial products (CIP). Recently, advanced CIP is operated by component systems organized within an increasingly autonomous cyber physical system (CPS). CIP is represented by the engineering model system (EMS). EMS is driven by active contexts between the outside world and EMS, between component models of EMS, and between objects in a component model. EMS reacts to any new contribution using all formerly represented contexts. Consistent structure of contexts gives autonomous operation capability for EMS. Active contexts between the outside world and EMS make EMS sensitive to outside world changes. In the other direction, EMS can generate advice for the outside world using high level and well-organized active knowledge as context. Contributing to research in key issues around EMS and the relevant software technology, this paper introduces results in requirements against MSP capabilities to represent intelligent driving content (IDC) in EMS. A novel organized structure of IDC and continuous engineering (CE) aspects of IDC development are explained and discussed placing the main emphasis on situation awareness. Finally, a new concept is introduced in which purposeful EMS acts as the only media in communication of researchers. Specially configured MSP facilitates participation from industrial, institutional, and academic organizations. The research proceeds at the Laboratory of Intelligent Engineering Systems (IESL) in the organization of the Óbuda University.

Compliance of drivers and other workers of transport complex with professional and qualification requirements as a guarantee of ensuring the safety of road users

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Professional Skills ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
Professional Requirements ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Transport Complex

In the framework of this work, the main regulatory documents on this topic are analyzed. It is noted that the qualification requirements are not identical to the presence of a document confirming the right to drive a vehicle. Qualification requirements are the requirements for the knowledge, skills, and professional skills of the driver. A legal conflict was established for drivers who received a driver’s license earlier than 12/12/2014: the presence of a Russian national driver’s license of the corresponding category makes it possible to speak of non-compliance with professional requirements, and in turn, the lack of knowledge, skills and professional skills in working with various types of tachographs clearly indicates a mismatch with qualifications requirements. It is noted that to confirm the availability of skills, professional skills in working with various types of tachographs to persons who have received a driver’s license before 08/12/2014, only a document confirming training in the training program that meets the requirements of Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation of January 17, 2012 No. 7 can be confirmed. Keywords driver, tachograph, traffic safety

Identifying Requirements for Healthcare Information Systems with Focus Groups

2013 ◽  
pp. 491-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Farinha ◽  
Miguel Mira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Healthcare Information ◽  
Healthcare Information Systems ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Hospital Managers ◽  
High Level

Healthcare Information Systems (HIS) are essential in the healthcare industry since they manipulate vital information. For example, HIS may keep track of the patient’s medical history, avoiding mistakes with medications, dosages, and treatments. However, the traditional methods for identifying HIS requirements focus on specifying functional requirements for the software. Moreover, system scope should be fully understood by stakeholders, such as healthcare workers and hospital managers, something extremely difficult to achieve in practice. As such, many requirements are incomplete, missing, or not needed, leading to expensive and inadequate HIS. The authors identify requirements for Healthcare Information System using Focus Groups. They evaluate this method with experiments, applying a variety of techniques and having encouraging preliminary results. In particular, they verify that stakeholders can reach consensus on high-level requirements by discussing different perspectives about the system scope. The authors conclude that Focus Groups are really effective.

A Methodology for Situated Analysis and Design

2009 ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Vivienne Waller ◽  
Robert B. Johnston ◽  
Simon K. Milton
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Information Requirements ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Operational Level ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
High Level ◽  
Operational Action

This chapter presents a new high level methodology for the analysis and design of information systems specifically to support routine action at the operational level of organizations. The authors argue that traditional methods fail to adequately address the unique requirements of support for routine operational action. The main innovation of the methodology is the use of an action-centred approach derived from recent work on the nature of purposeful human action, and as such, emphasises both the information requirements for action and the dependence of action upon appropriately structured environments. A brief case study illustrates how using the methodology can sensitize the analyst to opportunities to increase human efficiency and effectiveness through lighter weight information systems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document