scholarly journals A Perspective View of Cost and Returns Structure - Especially Break Even Analysis in Marketing of Milk

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
A Bose ◽  
R Suryaprakash

The agriculture sector is regarded as the backbone of the Indian Economy. Nearly 70 percent of the people live in villages and their main occupation is agriculture. Agriculture is closely linked with animal husbandry and plays an important complementary role. The role of animal husbandry in providing the main and subsidiary occupation or the main occupation to the rural population is well recognized. Animal husbandry has secured an important place in Indian agriculture leading to dairy development in India. This study also includes the break-even output for cow and buffalo during lactation and inter-calving periods.

Technology united with research and development has evolved as a grave differentiator of the agriculture sector in India including production, processing, and agriculture packing and marketing of given crops. Near about 50 percent of the Indian workforce was engaged in the agriculture sector but its share in GDP was only 14 percent, much lower in comparison to former. Though, certain agriculture items showed a steady annual increase in terms of kilograms per hectare. Agriculture transformed significantly over the past few decades but when it comes to investment in research and development there is a lot more which needs to be done. The paper analyzes the role of various research and development institutions in boosting the growth of the agriculture sector that helps in attaining sustainable agriculture development and self-sufficiency in the production process since independence. It also focusesed on the various issues faced by these development institutions. The findings unveiled that since independence a lot more was done to boost the research and development in the agriculture sector at both the center and state levels but a proper implementation of these policies along with transparency could bring more desirable outcomes than were gained at present.


Author(s):  
N.M. Morozov ◽  
◽  
A.N. Rasskazov ◽  

Livestock production has been steadily increasing in recent years. Increasing the number of cattle and increasing the productivity of cows can reduce the import of milk and dairy products. The role of animal husbandry in providing rural population with jobs is shown. The implementation of the adopted programs to stimulate the development of animal husbandry will be successful only if innovative scientific achievements in mechanization and automation, technology for keeping and feeding animals are used. The creation of new technology should be based on modern scientific achievements and experience. The System of machines in animal husbandry developed by scientists of the Institute of mechanization of animal husbandry with the participation of a number of institutes of the country for the coming years presents the directions of technical progress in mechanization and automation, machine complexes and the effectiveness of their application in farms with different levels of concentration of objects.


2018 ◽  
pp. 217-230
Author(s):  
Elma Begagić ◽  
Inela Šehić-Torlaković ◽  
Almira Isić-Imamović

In contrast to the traditional patocentric practice of treating psychotic disorders including schizophrenia, in the modern mental health concept a bio-psycho-social approach is emphasized, being characterized as comprehensive, integrative and above all humane. Psychosocial counseling of schizophrenic patients as a necessary form of intervention occupies an important place within a multiperspective treatment. By the means of a qualitative research method this paper aimed at revealing the subjective counselors’ perspective on the role of psychosocial counseling in the treatment of people with schizophrenia. The participants were experts involved in the field of mental health work with the people with diagnosed schizophrenia. The three expert interviews were conducted and later analyzed by the qualitative method of content analysis (Mayring, 2000). The results indicate that psychosocial counseling of people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia presents a particularly important segment of a multiperspective approach in treating this psychotic disorder. The importance of this approach is visible in different contexts and stages in the life of people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, because this disease requires a lifelong support, which is, taking into account the symptomatology and clinical presentation, often individualized and primarily directed at overcoming everyday issues with the maximum mobilization of one's resources. Psychosocial counseling requires specific competences of auxiliary professionals, since it is a form of support interaction based on scientific and practical grounds.


SPLASH Magz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Benjamin Drean ◽  
◽  
Eny Lestari Widarni ◽  

This study aims to examine the role of education and health in increasing work participation and income of the people in Indonesia. To achieve this goal, data on GDP per capita, Employment in Agriculture, Health, and education are observed. This study uses the Quantitative Threshold Autoregressive method which is used to predict the behavior of the data so that the relationship behavior between the data can be seen. In analyzing the threshold variable, the GDP per capita variant is used as an indicator of people's income growth, Employment in agriculture as work participation in the agricultural sector, health as an indicator of health investment, and education as an indicator of educational investment. GDP per capita, Employment in agriculture, and health as the threshold variable. Meanwhile, the non-threshold variable is education. All data are secondary data from world banks with an annual period of 2000 - 2019. We found that education and health are two things that form the basis of human capital. The role of education and health in Indonesia in developing agriculture and improving the welfare of the people in Indonesia plays an important role and is able to make a significant contribution to the development of the agricultural sector and the welfare of the people in Indonesia.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
Turgay GÖKGÖZ

Tunisia, which was occupied by France in 1881, gained its independence in 1956. For this reason, modern Tunisian literature has been delayed to reach an artistic form. Various developments were necessary for modernization to be experienced in Tunisia, just like in other Arab countries. First of all, there had to be an awareness and awakening movement that would save the people from the oppression and cruelty of the French. As a matter of fact, it is possible to encounter this awakening, which we can call the “Islah” movement, in the works of literary figures. Schools such as Zaytouna University, The Sadiki College and Khaldounia Madrasa were established for the development of the country culturally. The purpose of these schools is to provide students with a Western-style education as well as religious education. In this regard, The Sadiki College and Haldûniye Madrasa have played a complementary role for the religious education given at Zaytouna University. In addition, al-Râ’id al-Tûnisî, al-Hâdhira, al-Sa‘âde al-‘Uzmâ ve al-‘Âlam al-Adabi etc. established in the country. Publications have a very important role in delivering the produced literary products to the public and in establishing modern Tunisian literature. “Jama’at taht al-Sur” which was located in the capital Tunisia in the 1930s and 1940s, was a place where the literary figures and artists of the period came together. This place also constitutes an important part of the literature in terms of laying the foundations of modern Tunisian literature. Finally 20th century writers such as Abu’l-Qâsım al-Shabbî, Ali Douagi and Mahmoud al-Mas‘adi, who were among the names that left their mark on Tunisian literature in the century, were among the key names of literature related to the legacy they passed on to Tunisian literature and to the next generations. In this study, it will be attempted to briefly give a place to the main objectives that have influenced the establishment of modern Tunisian literature, which has an important place in Arabic literature


Author(s):  
Upinder Sawhney

Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) are an absolute necessity in India as all levels of the government in the country (i.e., federal, state, and local) are facing budgetary deficits. PPPs in various spheres of economic activity can bridge the gap between the capacity of the state to grow and the factors which are pulling it behind. In a successful PPP model, all the stakeholders (i.e., the government, the people, and the private partners) pose a disciplinary mechanism to each other. The present chapter seeks to study the policy for PPPs in the Indian state of Punjab as also the institutional framework for the same. It also seeks to examine the feasibility of using PPP model for the much-needed development of the agriculture sector in the state. The fiscal situation of the state and its indebtedness along with the populist policies of the government do not leave any room for either the maintenance or the creation of any new infrastructure in the state. Both rural and urban infrastructure in Punjab can be strengthened through the PPP route. The chapter focuses on the problems of Punjab economy and the role of PPPs in fixing the same.


Author(s):  
G.M. Nabiullina

In regard to the growing interest of the people in religion, the Bashkir literature is changing. Modern writers are passionate about finding new methods and ways to display the values of the Islamic religion. Among them is Fiyuza Gataullina, whose spiritual investigations are determined by ideological and aesthetic content of the works and are inextricably linked to the religious atmosphere of the last century. Life experience and knowledge of Islamic culture traditions helped the author to create an artwork from everyday scenes of people's life. The specificity of her style is expressed in epithets that reveal the spiritual state of the heroes of the story. In her opinion, people even with a traditional family structure can be deeply religious and give their children a religious education based on love. The writer considers religion as a part of the overall spiritual integrity, which becomes the main concept of her creative method. The skill of the author is revealed in the professional interpretation of the precepts of Islam. Her ability to express complex experiences and feelings of the characters through the elements of nature makes a strong impression. She helps the reader to realize the psychological and philosophical role of religion, awakening in man the hope for the future, testing him for morality. The tension and drama of the events are solved in an original way, with an attempt to focus the reader's attention on one of the pillars of Islam - the prayer, through which the character of the Muslim woman is revealed. Thus, the analysis of the novel By F. Gataullina helps to understand that dua, which has firmly entered the life of Muslims, has incredible powers and takes an important place in the religious system of people's views.


2022 ◽  
pp. 208-231
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Chowdhary ◽  
Shailendra Kumar Jain ◽  
Seema Rawat ◽  
Shabana Urooj

In India, the land of farmers, where agriculture has always been the primary occupation of the people, more than 50% of the population is still engaged in agriculture and its allied sectors. However, over the years, a significant decline has been observed in the contribution by the agriculture sector towards India's GDP. This chapter aimed towards identifying the gap between the ratio of high inputs and low yields by portraying the various limitations in traditional Indian agriculture methods and how hydroponic agriculture is the need of the hour for the growth of Indian agriculture. Hydroponic agriculture or hydroponics, around the world, has proved to be an efficient and more productive method of agriculture than geoponics (i.e., the traditional agriculture practice carried out in the soil). Although bearing a large bouquet of advantages, there are some limitations associated with it as well. This chapter aimed at overcoming these limitations to enhance this novel approach of agriculture even further.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-125
Author(s):  
João Corgo

In a world increasingly urbanized, management of cities and spatial planning take an important place in political and technical concerns, and it is in this perspective that the Municipal Ecological Structure (MES) arises in Portugal’s urban planning system. However, this instrument still struggles with some delimitation, regulation and management issues, that challenge its implementation. In order to overcome these problems, this article wants to explore the designing hypothesis of a Management Plan for the Municipal Ecological Structure (MPMES). To support the plan, this study explores the role of ecosystem services and their potential to provide a vision of the value of Municipal Ecological Structure to the territories, to the people, and as an impulse for local sustainable economic growth. In order to gather insights on the contribution of the management plan for the Municipal Ecological Structure implementation, an approach was made, based on interviews, confronting visions and discourses, by planning experts’ contrasts with the stakeholders. Therefore, it was possible to identify, characterize and value the functions performed by the Municipal Ecological Structure of Sesimbra. Ultimately, the objectives, contents, development, approval and articulation with other territorial management instruments were identified as requirements for the Management Plan for the Municipal Ecological Structure development.


Al-Burz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
Nargis Jabeen ◽  
Dr. Abdul Haleem Sadiq ◽  
Dr.Manzoor Baloch ◽  
Nasreen Gul

The Role of this title is the role of radio in the development of Brahui folk songs. At all times, the Agricultural Dialogue of Literature has developed. Brahui folk song is an important place in literature due to its position. Its sincere position represents its feelings and emotions. Folk songs appear in nature. These folk songs indicate emotions, feelings, love. These emotions have been a role in radio in people's access to people. Radio folk songs have access to ordinary people in the main role of radio. And those who were far away from those songs. They are also using the radio. And the radio they're talking about. The people who have been given access to the common people. That is why. That kind of folk songs have been stirred up to the far-door areas through the radio. Balochistan is the area where yet the basic facilities are not available to ordinary people. Radio access is a major access to the right there. And these agricultural issues are spreading even more literary skills in modern times. That is why access key folk songs can be accessible to ordinary people, due to which I have to play a role in radio


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