scholarly journals NVivo based Al-Quranic features in students for autism therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Alexander Wiliams ◽  
Adam Faturahman ◽  
Untung Rahardja ◽  
Fitra Putri Oganda ◽  
Anggit Panji Pangestu
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Autism Therapy ◽  
Reading Materials ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
Voice Recorder

In 2018, according to data from the CDC in America, it is estimated that 1 in 59 children prevalence (incidence rate) of children have Autism Spectrum Disorder, compared to 2014, which is 1 in 68 children increased by 15%. The average boy often experiences unique symptoms, the problem is on the spectrum of neural development and can affect all sorts of aspects of learning, although many researchers focus on aspects of related issues but are measured to lack emphasis. So it is done on the learning of problems associated with religious education, read the Qur'an lovingly and also pray (?al??). Non-Arab speakers with autism, this study aims to characterize the natural characteristics displayed by a special student (autistic) in reading the Quran. To provide the same opportunity in carrying out their religious obligations, an 8-year-old boy from Malay with autism is already high, for a month with a session conducted three times the program was chosen as the subject. At least during the six months of Al-Quran lessons and he was able to communicate orally in class. NVivo software is useful for this analysis and it was found that every experimental session was recorded by audio by a digital camera and a digital camera visual voice recorder. the first chapter test includes reading the Quran (al-Fatihah) using five different types: (a) Malay Translation, (b and c) the complete set of chapters in Uthmani and Rasm Qiyasi races respectively, and ( d and e) sets of disorganized and incomplete chapters in Uthmani rasm. Research Autistic individuals for the selection of appropriate recommended reading materials. Teachers and parents for effectiveness in studying the Quran need to be considered, This identifies the features that have been shown during the lessons of the Quran.

scholarly journals The role of CPEB family proteins in the nervous system function in the norm and pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Kozlov ◽  
Yulii V. Shidlovskii ◽  
Rudolf Gilmutdinov ◽  
Paul Schedl ◽  
Mariya Zhukova
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Fragile X ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Mrna Transport ◽  
Ribonucleoprotein Complexes ◽  
Posttranscriptional Gene Regulation ◽  
Nervous System Function ◽  
Functional Features

AbstractPosttranscriptional gene regulation includes mRNA transport, localization, translation, and regulation of mRNA stability. CPEB (cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding) family proteins bind to specific sites within the 3′-untranslated region and mediate poly- and deadenylation of transcripts, activating or repressing protein synthesis. As part of ribonucleoprotein complexes, the CPEB proteins participate in mRNA transport and localization to different sub-cellular compartments. The CPEB proteins are evolutionarily conserved and have similar functions in vertebrates and invertebrates. In the nervous system, the CPEB proteins are involved in cell division, neural development, learning, and memory. Here we consider the functional features of these proteins in the nervous system of phylogenetically distant organisms: Drosophila, a well-studied model, and mammals. Disruption of the CPEB proteins functioning is associated with various pathologies, such as autism spectrum disorder and brain cancer. At the same time, CPEB gene regulation can provide for a recovery of the brain function in patients with fragile X syndrome and Huntington's disease, making the CPEB genes promising targets for gene therapy.

scholarly journals Robot-Assisted Autism Therapy (RAAT). Criteria and Types of Experiments Using Anthropomorphic and Zoomorphic Robots. Review of the Research

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3720
Author(s):  
Barbara Szymona ◽  
Marcin Maciejewski ◽  
Robert Karpiński ◽  
Kamil Jonak ◽  
Elżbieta Radzikowska-Büchner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Schema ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Joint Activities ◽  
Autism Therapy ◽  
Real Person ◽  
Future Work

Supporting the development of a child with autism is a multi-profile therapeutic work on disturbed areas, especially understanding and linguistic expression used in social communication and development of social contacts. Previous studies show that it is possible to perform some therapy using a robot. This article is a synthesis review of the literature on research with the use of robots in the therapy of children with the diagnosis of early childhood autism. The review includes scientific journals from 2005–2021. Using descriptors: ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorders), Social robots, and Robot-based interventions, an analysis of available research in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science was done. The results showed that a robot seems to be a great tool that encourages contact and involvement in joint activities. The review of the literature indicates the potential value of the use of robots in the therapy of people with autism as a facilitator in social contacts. Robot-Assisted Autism Therapy (RAAT) can encourage child to talk or do exercises. In the second aspect (prompting during a conversation), a robot encourages eye contact and suggests possible answers, e.g., during free conversation with a peer. In the third aspect (teaching, entertainment), the robot could play with autistic children in games supporting the development of joint attention. These types of games stimulate the development of motor skills and orientation in the body schema. In future work, a validation test would be desirable to check whether children with ASD are able to do the same with a real person by learning distrust and cheating the robot.

scholarly journals Role of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Conferring Protection in Children At-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results from a Sibling Case–control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshini Manohar ◽  
Madhavapuri Pravallika ◽  
Preeti Kandasamy ◽  
Venkatesh Chandrasekaran ◽  
Ravi Philip Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
Neural Development ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Typically Developing Siblings

ABSTRACTBackground: Gut microflora influences neural development through complex mechanisms. Feeding practices, especially breastfeeding influence gut microbiome and thereby play a pivotal role in immune and neural development. Current understandings of the role of healthy distal gut microflora in the development of immune and neural systems provide insights into immunological mechanisms as one of the possible etiologies in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies have shown that optimal breastfeeding is associated with lower odds of being at-risk for ASD and children with ASD are suboptimally breastfed. Methods: The feeding practices of children with ASD (n = 30) was compared to their typically developing siblings as matched controls (n = 30). Information regarding feeding practices was collected from mothers through a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: About 43.3% of children with ASD received exclusive breastfeeding, whereas 76.7% of their typically developing siblings were exclusively breastfed. Exclusive breastfeeding was associated with lower odds for ASD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.166; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.025–0.65), while early introduction of top feeds was associated with higher odds (OR = 6; 95% CI = 1.33–55.19). Difficulties in breastfeeding were attributed to child-related factors in 13.2% of the children. Conclusion: Children with ASD are suboptimally breastfed compared to their typically developing siblings. Exclusive breastfeeding may confer protection in vulnerable children. Further studies on larger prospective sample are required to establish the association.

scholarly journals Classification of Facial Images to Assist in the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel C. Michelassi ◽  
Henrique S. Bortoletti ◽  
Tuany D. Pinheiro ◽  
Thiago Nobayashi ◽  
Fabio R. D. Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Medical Decision Support ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Facial Images

Abstract Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that persistently impairs communication and social interaction, with a high degree of clinical heterogeneity. The fact that the diagnosis is based on clinical observation which requires therapy expertise, interviews with parents and application of questionnaires, it contributes to delaying the diagnosis until school age. The study of anthropometric measures in individuals with ASD and individuals in typical development (TD) showed there are some differences between the two groups. However, there is a lack of computational tools to assist in the acquisition and analysis process of these measures. This paper proposes a computer-aided medical decision support system that, given a child’s facial image captured by a digital camera, can discriminate between the two groups, ASD and TD, thus helping in the diagnosis. We defined a protocol for image acquisition and preprocessing, tested and compared methods for dataset balancing, dimension reduction and classification. The best results were obtained by a SVM classifier with 86.2% accuracy. Once the proposed model is based on facial images, it has the potential to facilitate early diagnosis of ASD.

scholarly journals CHD8 regulates the balance between proliferation and differentiation of human iPSCs in neural development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzhong Liu ◽  
Weilai Dong ◽  
Ellen J. Hoffman ◽  
Thomas V. Fernandez ◽  
Abha R. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cells ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Neuronal Marker ◽  
Human Ipscs ◽  
M Phase

ABSTRACTBackgroundChromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 8 (CHD8), which encodes a chromatin remodeling protein that regulates Wnt/β-catenin mediated gene expression, is one of the most strongly associated genes with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Characterization of ASD patients with CHD8 disrupting mutations and animal and stem cell models of CHD8 deficiency suggest that CHD8 plays a role in neurodevelopment.MethodsWe generated iPSCs from the T-lymphocytes of a healthy, typically-developing human male and iPSC lines from the same source which were subjected to CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown (KD) of CHD8. We subsequently derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neural cells and examined the effects of CHD8 deficiency on cell proliferation and neural differentiation.ResultsWe observed that, compared to WT, CHD8 KD: (1) increased the number of iPSC colonies formed, (2) suppressed spontaneous differentiation along the edges of iPSC colonies, (3) increased the proliferation of NPCs, (4) delayed the formation of neural rosettes, (5) delayed neurite outgrowth, (6) decreased the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, (7) increased the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, (8) decreased presence of the neuronal marker MAP2 although not the glial marker GFAP, (9) decreased presence for the excitatory neuronal marker VGLUT1, and (10) decreased presence of the synaptic marker SYN1.ConclusionsOur results suggest that CHD8 deficiency causes alterations in the cell cycle. More specifically, CHD8 KD appears to increase cell proliferation and delay neural differentiation. This may contribute to the pathophysiology of ASD.

scholarly journals Anormalidades da formação cerebral e os transtornos de desenvolvimento neural

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-23
Author(s):  
Júlio Fernandes Leite ◽  
Umberto Euzebio
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Mental Disability ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
School Work ◽  
Learning Capacity ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Developmental Stuttering

Transtornos do desenvolvimento neural constituem um grupo bastante diverso de problemas identificáveis clinicamente, que decorrem de perturbações do desenvolvimento neurológico, manifestam-se desde a infância, mesmo que sejam reconhecidos somente mais tarde, são persistentes, geram algum grau de limitação seja na capacidade de aprendizagem, na comunicação, ou na interação social, o que produz reflexos na vida escolar, laboral ou outras áreas da vida. Os principais transtornos do desenvolvimento neural são o transtorno do espectro autista (autismo), a deficiência intelectual (retardo mental ou deficiência mental), o transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH), a epilepsia dos transtornos do desenvolvimento, a dislexia do desenvolvimento, a discalculia do desenvolvimento, a gagueira do desenvolvimento e a paralisia cerebral. Os transtornos do desenvolvimento neural podem ter diversas causas, genéticas e não genéticas (ambientais), e muitas vezes ambas contribuem para a ocorrência do transtorno. O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender os mecanismos envolvidos na origem dos transtornos de desenvolvimento neural durante a formação cerebral a partir de trabalhos da base de dados do índice Medline.   Neurodevelopmental disorders are a very diverse group of clinically identifiable disorders that result from derangement of neural development, they are persistent and manifest from childhood, even if they are only recognized later, and generate some degree of limitation in the learning capacity, communication, or social interaction, which produces reflexes in school, work or other areas of life. The main neurodevelopmental disorders are autism spectrum disorder (autism), intellectual disability (mental retardation or mental disability), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), developmental epilepsy, developmental dyslexia, developmental dyscalculia, developmental stuttering and cerebral palsy. Neurodevelopmental disorders may have several causes, genetic and non-genetic (environmental), and often both act simultaneously. The aim of this work is to understand the mechanisms involved in the origin of neural development disorders during brain formation based on words from the Medline index database.   

scholarly journals Strategy of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Increasing Student Learning Motivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-249
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Sanchita Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Islamic School ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
Rewards And Punishment

The purpose of the article was to describe and analyze strategies of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) Teachers in Improving Students' Learning Motivation in Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Class X Hikmatul Amanah. The type of research used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data collection is done by observation, interviews, documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman method, namely by reducing, presenting, and certifying data. To test the validity of the data by testing credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The results of this article show 1) IRE teachers at Hikmatul Amanah Mojokerto Islamic School have implemented strategies and methods that are in accordance with the applicable curriculum at the school. However, there are still shortcomings where the teacher lacks varied and boring strategies and methods in the learning process so that students are less motivated to learn pie subjects 2) the inhibiting factor of the teacher's strategy in increasing student motivation to learn is the lack of communication between teachers and parents, the lack of learning media, the family environment, and the school environment can also be an obstacle for teachers during the teaching and learning process. The supporting factors for the teacher's strategy are from the students themselves, how they feel a strong desire and have high aspirations so they are motivated to learn and receive support in the form of attention, rewards, and punishment, praise from family, teachers, and the environment.

scholarly journals Using Interactive Games to Engage Children with Autism on Visual Impairment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 5995-5999
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Serious Games ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Interactive Games ◽  
Teachers And Parents

This study aims to explain on the development of an Android based application using a serious games technique, which known as Autism Kits. It's a built mobile application that functions as an autism spectrum disorder learning application. The model was followed by the ADDIE methodology. In the meantime, respondents, including autism students, educators and parents, were tested. After the application was completed, a survey was performed. Results have demonstrated that teachers and parents are willing to use the application for autistic children that has been found to be very useful.

scholarly journals Pesantren for Middle-Class Muslims in Indonesia (Between Religious Commodification and Pious Neoliberalism)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Hidayah
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Research Interviews ◽  
Teachers And Parents

<p>Research about Islamic educational institutions, the market and the rise of the new Muslim middle-class in Indonesian society has mainly focused on schools. Its correlation with pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) as Islamic education providers has not yet been deeply portrayed. This paper aims to identify changes in pesantren management practices in relation to the growth of the Muslim middle-class and questions whether pesantren management practices intended to cater for the middle-class segment of society can be categorized as commodification or as acts of pious neoliberalism. As a preliminary examination, this paper was based on extensive literature and media research, interviews with teachers and parents in pesantren, and non-participant observation. This research highlights three different strategies developed by pesantren to respond to the growing size of the Muslim middle-class in Java, Indonesia: ‘developing’, ‘inserting’ and ‘creating’ new pesantren education programs. Three models are highlighted here in three select pesantren in Java: Firstly, a pesantren established and designed to accommodate middle-class Muslims that employs an approach that is an amalgamation between religious education and international educational standards. Secondly, a well-established traditional pesantren which built new ‘elite’ buildings to respond to demand from middle-class Muslims. And thirdly, a pesantren that targets urban middle-class students of all ages who have limited religious knowledge and which mainly focuses on a tahfidz program (memorizing of the Qur’an) through creating a ‘friendly’ image of learning the Qur’an. These pesantren maintain a deeply religious curriculum similar to traditional pesantren and provide good facilities for students but charge high fees for education, and as such may connotate a commodification practice. Using Mona Atia’s concept of pious neoliberalism, the writer questions whether the fusion of religious practices of any kind, commodification and adjustment to market logic, in this context, might be better understood as pious neoliberalism. In this sense, the commodification practices in the examples offered here should not always bear a pejorative meaning. While admitting that global changes have introduced new challenges to the Muslim community and in relation to Islamic education, it is hoped that this article will encourage further discussion and investigation on the subject of the changing nature of provision and management of Islamic educational institutions, in particular pesantren, in Indonesia.</p>

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