Hubungan Kepatuhan Perawat Melaksanakan Standar Prosedur Operasional Perawatan Kateter Menetap Dengan Angka Kejadian Infeksi Saluran Kemih

ABSTRAKKepatuhan adalah perilaku positif yang diperlihatkan seseorang saat mengarah ke tujuan terapeutik yang ditentukan bersama. Kejadian ISK merupakan 40% dari seluruh infeksi nosokomial dan 80% infeksi saluran kemih terjadi sesudah instrumentasi, terutama oleh kateterisasi. Pelaksanaan pencegahan infeksi nosokomial oleh perawat berkaitan dengan kepatuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kepatuhan perawat dalam menjalankan standar prosedur operasional perawatan kateter dengan angka kejadian infeksi saluran kemih. Desain penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportional simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 51 responden. Alat ukur menggunakan lembar observasi. Analisis data menggunakan uji alternatif fisher’s exact test.Kejadian ISK adalah 11 (21,6%) pasien, sementara pasien yang tidak mengalami ISK adalah sebanyak 40 responden (78,4%). Tingkat kepatuhan SPO perawatan kateter tinggi sebanyak 12 responden (23,5%), tingkat kepatuhan SPO perawatan kateter sedang sebanyak 39 responden (64,7%). Hasil uji fisher didapatkan p value = 0,048 (<0,05). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara kepatuhan perawat dalam menjalankan standar prosedur operasional perawatan kateter dengan angka kejadian infeksi saluran kemih. Kata Kunci : Kepatuhan perawat, SPO, perawatan kateter, ISK. ABSTRACTCompliance is defined as the positive action done by someone to achieve a desired theuraphetic result which has been designated together. Urinary tract infection cases account for 40% of nosocomical infection figure and 80% of the urinary tract infection occur after instrumentation, especially catheterization. The implementation of nosocomical infection prevention done by the nurses depends on their compliance towards the procedure. This research aims to find out the relationship between the nurses’ compliance towards the standard operational procedure of catheter treatment with the figure of urinary tract infection cases. This research utilizes the descriptive analysis research design coupled with cross sectional approach. The researchers use proportional simple random sampling as the sampling method; the number of samples is 51 respondents. To get and measure the responses, the researchers use observation sheet. The data obtained is then analyzed with the fisher’s exact test alternative test.Urinary tract infection cases happen in 11 patients (21.6%) while the other 40 patients (78.4%) do not have such infection. The number of nurses who highly comply towards the standard operational procedure of catheter treatment is 12 (23.5%) and nurses who show mediocre compliance towards the standard operational procedure are 39 (76,5%). The fisher’s test comes out the p value to be 0.048 (<0.05). The research found out that there is a significant correlation between the nurses’ compliance in carrying out the standard operational procedure of catheter treatment with the number of urinary tract infection cases. Keywords: Nurses’ compliance, Standard Operational Procedure, catheter treatment, urinary tract infection.

Download Full-text

The Compliance of Hospital Nurse in the Prevention of Urinary Tract Infection in Surabaya, Indonesia

Jurnal PROMKES ◽

10.20473/jpk.v9.i1.2021.18-27 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Ainun Azizah Ramdhani ◽

Nur Annisha Karunia Latief ◽

Fariani Syahrul ◽

Dwiono Mudjianto

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Background Factors ◽

Compliance Behavior ◽

Employment Duration

Background: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) is one of the most common infections in the hospital. In order to prevent and control CAUTI incidence, nurses are required to implement bundles of prevention. However, the lack of nurses’ compliance behavior in implementing the CAUTI bundle prevention was found. Objective: This study analyzes the nurse’s compliance behavior in implementing CAUTI prevention using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) approach. Methods: This study was an analytical descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Nurses who work in ICU, ICCU, HCU, and in-patient unit of the hospital were set as study population and taken as samples using simple random sampling. Background factors (age, education, knowledge, employment duration, career levels), attitudes, subjective norms, Perceived Behavior Control (PBC), and intention were determined as independent variables. In contrast, nurses’ compliance behavior in CAUTI prevention bundle implementation was determined as the dependent variable. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using logistic regression with a significance level of α < 0.05. Results: Among 111 nurses, most of them are in the age of 26-45 years (80.1%), has worked as a nurse for 8-13 years (29.7%), reach career level at Clinical Nurse 3 (51.4%), and have good knowledge about CAUTI prevention bundle (83.8%). The employment duration and career levels are background factors that correlate the most to the TPB factors. The nurses’ compliance behavior is influenced by attitude, subjective norm, PBC, and intention (P Value= 0.000). Multivariate analysis shows that intention is associated with nurses’ compliance behavior and increases nurses’ commitment to implement CAUTI prevention bundle (P Value= 0.033, OR= 6.46). Conclusion: The intention simultaneously influences the nurses’ compliance behavior.

Download Full-text

HUBUNGAN KADAR GULA DARAH SEWAKTU DENGAN GEJALA NEUROPATI PERIFER PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

Jurnal Penelitian Keperawatan ◽

10.32660/jurnal.v5i1.345 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽

Susmini Susmini

Keyword(s):

Random Sampling ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test ◽

Diabetes Melitus

Gangguan metabolik mampu menyebabkan beberapa penyakit salah satunya ialah diabetes melitus. Gejala umum yang sering muncul pada kasus diabetes melitus yaitu hiperglikemia. Hiperglikemia yang berkepanjangan dapat mengakibatkan berbagai macam komplikasi diantaranya komplikasi mikrovaskuler dan makrovaskuler. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar gula darah sewaktu dengan gejala neuropati perifer penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 32 penderita diabetes melitus yang dipilih melalui teknik simple random sampling, penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Kedung Dowo Kecamatan Nganjuk. Berdasarkan uji statistik Fisher’s Exact Test didapatkan p value 0.002 (p value < 0.05) yang berarti terdapat hubungan antara kadar gula darah sewaktu dengan gejala neuropati perifer penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2.

Download Full-text

Assessment on Preventive Measures of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) among Adults of South India

Journal of Current Medical Research and Opinion ◽

10.15520/jcmro.v4i01.389 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Satish Kumar B P ◽

Meghana A ◽

Lipika Das ◽

Lavanya P R ◽

Anwitha Johns

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Urinary Bladder ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Random Sampling ◽

South India ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Anonymous Questionnaire ◽

The World

Introduction:Most common bacterial infection affecting about 150 million people every year around the world is urinary tract infection1. Urinary tract infection can be defined as a condition, in which bacteria divide and multiply in the urinary tract and infect the organs included (kidney, ureter, urinary bladder and urethra). Method: an anonymous questionnaire with 15 questions regarding basic precautions for UTI was formulated using Google forms. The questionnaire was articulated in collaboration with an expert in the field. Simple random sampling was thrown out for choosing the participants. The link to the survey was made reach to the intended participants through email and WhatsApp. Conclusion: In this study we found out that in 412 participants, more than half of the participants (54.6%) were recurrently suffering from urinary tract infection (UTI) and about 82.7% of participants suffering from UTI are married whereas only 47.6% unmarried population is affected by urinary tract infection.

Download Full-text

Recurrent Bacteria Involvement in Urinary Tract Infection among Diabetic Female Patients of Sukkur, Sindh

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i39b32199 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 229-234

Author(s):

Samina Tarique ◽

Abdul Hussain Shar ◽

Syed Fiaz Hussain ◽

Akhtar Ali

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

P Value ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

E Coli ◽

Female Patients ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Diabetics are four times more prone to develop Urinary tract infection when compared to healthy individuals, the proposed risk factors behind this increase in susceptibility in diabetics are autonomic neuropathy resulting in incomplete emptying of bladder and glucose in urine which serves as a medium for bacterial growth. The aims of our study are to identify the frequency of recurrent UTI and to document most common prevalent organisms involved in UTI in diabetic females in tertiary care hospital of Sukkur. Methodology: It was a cross sectional study conducted at Microbiology Department of Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur from January to December 2020. The sample size n=54 was calculated by open epi software. Participants who contented inclusion criteria i.e., female patients of age >18 years with diabetes mellitus for more than 5 years who were presented in OPD with UTI along with history of three positive urine cultures in the previous 12 months or two episodes in the last six months were recruited by simple random sampling technique. The urine samples were collected in sterile containers and the growth of organisms was observed on nutrient agar and MacConkey agar plates. Results: There was no any significant difference among occurrence of bacteria between both the groups i.e . However, the most associated microbes with uncontrolled HbA1c profile were E. coli (p-value = 0.004) followed by Micrococcus lutes (p-value = 0.021) and Shigella (p-value = 0.001). Table 1. Shows the frequency and percentages of bacteria associated with controlled and uncontrolled HbA1c levels. Conclusion: Most of the participants had uncontrolled diabetic profile i.e. HbA1c > 7, the prominent pathogen at our setting were E. Coli, Enterococcus species, Shigella species and Micrococcus lutes.

Download Full-text

Urinary Tract Infection in Nephrotic Syndrome: A Hospital Based Cross-Sectional Study

Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/cmoshmcj.v15i2.31804 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 41-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tanuka Barua ◽

Razia Sultana ◽

Fazal Karim Babul ◽

Shahed Iqbal ◽

Jhulan Das Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Serum Cholesterol ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio

Background: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a common infection in nephrotic syndrome and have a propensity for long term renal damage. It may be an important cause of poor steroid response. The objective is to study the frequency and etiological organisms of urinary tract infection in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome children.Methods: This Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Pediatric ward of Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong from 01.01.2009 to 31.12.2009. 52 nephrotic syndrome children diagnosed by serum albumin, serum cholesterol and 24 hours total urinary protein or protein creatinin index were included. After elaborate clinical evaluation, urine for R/M/E and C/S was done in all patients. Data regarding pyuria, hematuria, etiological organisms were analyzed by statistical method.Results: UTI was found in 30.8% nephrotic children and in majority cases (68.8%) they were asymptomatic. Male female ratio among UTI patients was 1:1. Mean serum cholesterol in nephrotic syndrome with UTI was higher than that of children without UTI (418.94 mg/dl vs 352.03 mg/dl, p value < 0.05).Pyuria had poor association with definite UTI (p value > 0.05). E-coli was the commonest organism isolated in urine culture followed by klebsiella.Conclusion: UTI is one of the most common infections in nephrotic syndrome and may be asymptomatic. It should be screened in every nephrotic child routinely.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.15 (2); Jul 2016; Page 41-44

Download Full-text

Assessment of Perceptions and Practices of the Nurses to Prevent Indwelling Catheter Associated Infection; Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Pakistan

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v5i2.17317 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 150-158

Author(s):

Ghuzala Anwar ◽

Ghalib Nawaz ◽

Muhammad Afzal ◽

Iram Majeed ◽

Ali Waqas

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Registered Nurses ◽

Urinary Catheter ◽

P Value ◽

Indwelling Catheter ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Indwelling Urinary Catheter

Nursing is an art science and an essential health care profession in which the skilled knowledgeable persons are committed to provide care to sick peoples and strive for the, protection and promotion of health and prevention against diseases and helps to minimize the risk and risk related injuries. Urinary tract infections are very common infection in the hospital settings almost responsible for 40% nosocomial infections. All the urinray tract infection is expected that approximately more than 70% infection reported because of indewelling cathters.Objectives: To assess the perceptions of nurses regarding indwelling urinary catheter and its care. To assess the practices of nurses to prevent the indwelling catheter related urinary tract infection. Methodology: Descriptive cross sectional design and data was collected through a five point Likert scale questioner. Study population was the nursing staff from the Jinnah hospital Lahore. Sample size was 184 nurses from all indoor departments of the Jinnah Hospital Lahore. Results: The findings show that the practice and perceptions scores of the registered nurses’ in the study group are insignificant with age, qualification and experience (i.e., p-value > 0.05) with the evidence-based guidelines for prevention of catheter associated urinary tract infection. Results of study indicated insignificant relationship between registered nurses’ practice and perceptions regarding the indwelling urinary catheter associated infection.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(2): 150-158

Download Full-text

CORRELATION OF COMPLETE MEDICAL INFORMATION WITH ACCURACY DIAGNOSIS CODE OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION AT SEBELAS MARET HOSPITAL

Jurnal Riset Kesehatan ◽

10.31983/jrk.v9i1.5718 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 78-82

Author(s):

LINDA WIDYA NINGRUM

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Medical Record ◽

Medical Information ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

University Hospital ◽

Diagnosis Code ◽

Cross Sectional

Accuracy Code Diagnosis is the accuracy of the diagnosis code based on ICD-10 by the coding officer on the medical record document by examining the results of the diagnosis written by doctors and medical personnel. This type of research is observational analytic with cross sectional approach. In this study the population used was inpatient medical record documents with a diagnosis of urinary tract infection as many as 229. The sample used was 146 by using a simple random sampling technique. The percentage of accuracy of the diagnosis code of urinary tract infection in inpatient medical record documents at Sebelas Maret University Hospital was 129 (88,36%) documents and 17 (11,64%) inaccuracies of documents. The percentage of completeness of medical information from 146 documents studied was 78 (53,42%) documents while the incomplete category was 68 (46,58%) documents. The results of calculations using SPSS with the Chi Square statistical test results are 4.459 while the value of p = 0,035 with an error level of 0,05 so that the value of p 0,05. The conclusion is corelatin the completeness of medical information with the accuracy of the urinary tract infection diagnosis code is rejected.

Download Full-text

Bacterial Causes of Urinary Tract Infection among Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients in Al-Kut City, Iraq

Borneo Epidemiology Journal ◽

10.51200/bej.v2i1.3242 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Taqi Mohammed Jwad Taher ◽

Firas Turki Rashed Sarray ◽

Ammar Shimal Shwekh ◽

Tariq Kuraidi Mareedh ◽

Hasanain Faisal Ghazi

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Disease Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tract Infections

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is a very prevalent disease among humans and it is highly presented among patients with diabetes mellitus. The main aim of the current study was to find out the commonest bacterial organisms causing urinary tract infection among a sample of diabetic and non-diabetic patients in Al-Kut city, Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 conveniently sampled patients suffering from urinary tract infections and attending Al-Karama Teaching hospital laboratory for urine culture between October and December 2019 were included in the study. The patients were consented to answer a special questionnaire containing data like patients' age, gender, and disease status (diabetic or non-diabetic). Results: From the 100 participated patients there were 29 (29%) with diabetes and the remaining 71(71%) from the sample were non-diabetics. The females represent the majority of the sample (67%) while males represented only (33%). The most common identified bacteria from this sample were Staphylococcus aureus (48%), Escherichia coli (24%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17%), Enterococcus species (5%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2%). The study result shows a significant association of being diabetic or not >0.001, 0.038with age and gender of the patients (p-value) respectively. While this association was non-significant when considering the type of bacteria between the two . While this association was non-significant when considering the groups (P-value=0.056).type of bacteria between the two groups (P-value=0.056). Conclusion: The urinary tract infection is frequently presented among young non-diabetic females and near half of the urine cultures showed the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria as the commonest cause of infection among them.

Download Full-text

Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu dengan Kelengkapan Imunisasi Dasar pada Balita Usia 1-5 Tahun

Faletehan Health Journal ◽

10.33746/fhj.v8i03.249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (03) ◽

pp. 160-165

Author(s):

Teti Rahmawati ◽

Multi Agustin

Keyword(s):

Random Sampling ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test

Imunisasi merupakan upaya untuk meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh terhadap penyakit infeksi, dapat berupa kekebalan pasif maupun aktif sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai upaya pencegahan yang telah berhasil menurunkan angka kesakitan dan angka kematian penyakit infeksi pada bayi dan anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu dengan kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada balita usia 1-5 tahun, dengan menggunakan metode survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah ibu yang memiliki balita usia 1-5 tahun dan tinggal di Lingkungan 01 Rw 03 Kelurahan Ciriung. Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 95 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, sedangkan analisisnya menggunakan uji chi square Fisher’s exact test ( ). Hasil analisis univariat menunjukkan sebagian besar responden termasuk kategori usia dewasa awal (88,4%), pendapatan keluarga < UMK (54,7%), pendidikan ≤ SMA (86,3%), memiliki sikap positif (53,7%), mendapatkan imunisasi lengkap (94,7%) dan berpengetahuan baik (92,6%). Hasil analisis bivariat terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu dengan kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada balita usia 1-5 tahun dengan p-value = 0,002. Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah memberikan pendidikan kesehatan mengenai imunisasi dan melakukan penelitian menggunakan metode studi korelasi.

Download Full-text

HUBUNGAN KADAR GULA DARAH SEWAKTU DENGAN GEJALA NEUROPATI PERIFER PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

Jurnal Penelitian Keperawatan ◽

10.32660/jurnal.v5i1.337 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Supriyadi . ◽

Susmini .

Keyword(s):

Random Sampling ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test ◽

Diabetes Melitus

Gangguan metabolik mampu menyebabkan beberapa penyakit salah satunya ialah diabetes melitus. Gejala umum yang sering muncul pada kasus diabetes melitus yaitu hiperglikemia. Hiperglikemia yang berkepanjangan dapat mengakibatkan berbagai macam komplikasi diantaranya komplikasi mikrovaskuler dan makrovaskuler. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar gula darah sewaktu dengan gejala neuropati perifer penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 32 penderita diabetes melitus yang dipilih melalui teknik simple random sampling, penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Kedung Dowo Kecamatan Nganjuk. Berdasarkan uji statistik Fisher’s Exact Test didapatkan p value 0.002 (p value < 0.05) yang berarti terdapat hubungan antara kadar gula darah sewaktu dengan gejala neuropati perifer penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2.

Download Full-text