scholarly journals Pengaruh Konsentrasi Dan Lama Inkubasi Kolkisin Terhadap Duplikasi Kromosom Planlet Terung (Solanum melongena L.) Haploid Galur Aksesi Hasil Kultur Antera

OrchidAgro ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Sopian Zayid ◽  
Agus Surya Mulya ◽  
Yana Taryana
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Double Haploid ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Chromosome Duplication ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
East West ◽  
Treatment Design

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of colchicine on chromosome duplication and to determine the best colchicine concentration and incubation time for haploid eggplant chromosome duplication results from anther culture. Laboratory experiments have been carried out at PT. East West Seed Indonesia, Benteng Village, Campaka District, Purwakarta from March to June 2020. With an altitude of 69 m above sea level. The environmental design used in this study was a completely randomized design consisting of 7 treatments and repeated 4 times. Colchicine treatment design A = Control, B = colchicine 0.05% 24 hours incubation, C = colchicine 0.05% 48 hours incubation, D = colchicine 0.1% 24 hours incubation, E = colchicine 0.1% 48 hours incubation, F = kolkisisn 0.15% incubation 24 hours, G = colchicine 0.15% incubation 48 hours. The responses observed were contamination, callous plantlets, rooted plantlets, live plantlets, haploid plantlets, double haploid plantlets, triploid plantets and unreadable ploidy check results. The results showed that the colchysis concentration and incubation time had an effect on the duplication of haploid eggplant plantlet chromosomes resulting from anther culture. And giving colchicine at a concentration of 0.05% with an incubation time of 48 hours and a colchicine concentration of 0.1% with an incubation time of 48 hours had a significant effect on the double haploid plantet of 23.44%.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Yeasts from Rumen Fluids for Potential Use as Additives in Ruminant Feeding

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Chanon Suntara ◽  
Anusorn Cherdthong ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Suthipong Uriyapongson ◽  
Vichai Leelavatcharamas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pichia Kudriavzevii ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
The Media ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a yeast strain often used to improve the feed quality of ruminants. However, S. cerevisiae has limited capacity to provide biomass when inoculated with carbon sources and a low ability to produce cellulase enzymes. Here, we hypothesized that yeast in the rumen produces a large amount of biomass and could release cellulase enzymes to break down fiber content. Therefore, the aim of this study was to screen, isolate and identify yeast from the rumen fluids of Holstein Friesian steers and measure the efficiency of biomass production and cellulase activity. A fermentation medium containing sugarcane molasses as a carbon source and urea as a nitrogen source was optimized. Two fistulated–crossbred Holstein Friesian steers averaging 350 ± 20 kg body weight were used to screen and isolate the ruminal yeast. Two experiments were designed: First, a 12 × 3 × 3 factorial was used in a completely randomized design to determine biomass and carboxymethyl cellulase activity. Factor A was the isolated yeast and S. cerevisiae. Factor B was sugarcane molasses (M) concentration. Factor C was urea (U) concentration. In the second experiment, potential yeasts were selected, identified, and analyzed for 7 × 4 factorial use in a completely randomized design. Factor A was the incubation times. Factor B was the isolated yeast strains, including codes H-Khon Kaen University (KKU) 20 (as P. kudriavzevii-KKU20), I-KKU20 (C. tropicalis-KKU20), and C-KKU20 (as Galactomyces sp.-KKU20). Isolation was imposed under aerobic conditions, resulting in a total of 11 different colonies. Two appearances of colonies including asymmetric colonies of isolated yeast (indicated as A, B, C, E, and J) and ovoid colonies (coded as D, F, G, H, I, and K) were noted. Isolated yeast from the rumen capable of providing a high amount of biomass when inoculant consisted of the molasses 15% + urea 3% (M15 + U3), molasses 25% + urea 1% (M25 + U1), molasses 25% + urea 3% (M25 + U3), and molasses 25% + urea 5% (M25 + U5) when compared to the other media solution (p < 0.01). In addition, 11 isolated biomass-producing yeasts were found in the media solution of M25 + U1. There were 4 isolates cellulase producing yeasts discovered in the media solution of M25 + U1 and M25 + U5 whereas molasses 5% + urea 1% (M5 + U1), molasses 5% + urea 3% (M5 + U3), molasses 5% + urea 5% (M5 + U5), molasses 15% + urea 1% (M15 + U1), molasses 15% + urea 3% (M5 + U3), and M25 + U3 were found with 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, and 2 isolates, respectively. Ruminal yeast strains H-KKU20, I-KKU20, and C-KKU20 were selected for their ability to produce biomass. Identification of isolates H-KKU20 and I-KKU20 revealed that those isolates belonged to Pichia kudriavzevii-KKU20 and Candida tropicalis-KKU20 while C-KKU20 was identified as Galactomyces sp.-KKU20. Two strains provided maximum cell growth: P. kudriavzevii-KKU20 (9.78 and 10.02 Log cell/mL) and C. tropicalis-KKU20 (9.53 and 9.6 Log cells/mL) at 60 and 72 h of incubation time, respectively. The highest ethanol production was observed in S. cerevisiae at 76.4, 77.8, 78.5, and 78.6 g/L at 36, 48, 60, and 72 h of incubation time, respectively (p < 0.01). The P. kudriavzevii-KKU20 yielded the least reducing sugar at about 30.6 and 29.8 g/L at 60 and 72 h of incubation time, respectively. The screening and isolation of yeasts from rumen fluids resulted in 11 different yeasts being obtained. The potential yeasts discovered in the rumen fluid of cattle were Pichia kudriavzevii-KKU20, Candida tropicalis-KKU20, and Galactomyces sp.-KKU20. P. kudriavzevii-KKU20 had higher results than the other yeasts in terms of biomass production, cellulase enzyme activity, and cell number.

scholarly journals Seleksi Toleransi Kekeringan In Vitro terhadap Enam Belas Aksesi Tanaman Terung (Solanum melongena L. ) dengan Polietilena Glikol (PEG)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Erna Sinaga ◽  
Megayani Sri Rahayu ◽  
Awang Maharijaya
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The objectives of this study were to study the effect of several concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the in vitro growth of eggplant, to find the appropriate PEG concentration for in vitro selection to drought  tolerance  of eggplant  and the drought tolerant eggplant accessions. The experiment  was conducted  at  the  Laboratory  of  Tissue  Culture,  Department  of  Agronomy and Horticulture,  Bogor  Agricultural  University.  The  experiment  was arranged  in  a  completely randomized design with two factor. The first factor was concentration of PEG (0, 5, 10,  and  15%) while the second factor was eggplant accessions (Kania F1, 001, 007, 013, 016, 030, 034, 035, 055, 057, 069,  071,  072,  078,  085,  and  090).  The  results  showed  that  the addition  of PEG  to  in  vitro media significantly affected the survival percentage, the percentage of callus, developed the bud and the number of leaves of eggplant. Addition of PEG 10 and 15% in media can be used as the drought tolerance selective agent of eggplant in vitro. Kania F1, 001, 007, 016, 034, 035, 055, 057, 069, 071, 072, 078, 085, and 090 were eggplant accessions which might be tolerant to drought.</p><p>Keywords: in vitro selection, solanaceae, tissue culture, tolerant, drought</p><p> </p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mempelajari pengaruh beberapa konsentrasi polietilena glikol (PEG)  terhadap  pertumbuhan  tanaman  terung  in  vitro, mendapatkan  konsentrasi  PEG  yang  dapat digunakan  untuk seleksi tanaman terung secara in vitro  dan nomor terung toleran terhadap cekamankekeringan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di laboratorium Kultur Jaringan,  Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura,  Institut  Pertanian  Bogor.  Penelitian  ini  disusun dalam  rancangan  acak  lengkap  dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi PEG  terdiri atas  0, 5, 10, dan 15%.  Faktor kedua adalah nomor terung terdiri atas enam belas nomor (Kania F1, 001, 007, 013, 016, 030, 034, 035, 055, 057, 069,  071,  072,  078,  085,  dan  090).  Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan  bahwa  penambahan  PEG  pada media  in  vitro  memberikan pengaruh  nyata  dan  sangat  nyata  terhadap  persentase  hidup eksplan, persentase  eksplan  berkalus,  pertambahan  tinggi  tunas,  dan jumlah  daun  tanaman  terung.  Media PEG 10 dan 15% merupakan media yang dapat digunakan untuk seleksi kekeringan tanaman terung in vitro. Nomor terung Kania F1, 001, 007, 016, 034, 035, 055, 057, 069, 071, 072, 078, 085, dan 090 merupakan nomor-nomor terung yang toleran terhadap cekaman kekeringan.</p><p>Kata kunci: kultur jaringan, seleksi in vitro, solanaceae, toleran kekeringan</p>

scholarly journals Regenerasi dan Aklimatisasi Kultur Antera Enam Persilangan F1 Padi Sawah

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Cucu Gunarsih ◽  
Bambang Sapta Purwoko ◽  
Iswari Saraswati Dewi ◽  
Dan Muhamad Syukur
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Rainfed Rice ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Doubled Haploid Plants ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
N6 Medium ◽  
Haploid Plants

ABSTRACT<br /><br />The breeding of rainfed rice tolerant to drought can be accomplished using anther culture. The objectives of this research were to determine regeneration abilities of six F1 anther culture and its acclimatization ability. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with 14 replications. The treatments consisted of six F1 derived from crossing:  INPARI 18 x IR83140-B-11-B (G1), INPARI 18 x B12825E-TB-1-25 (G2), INPARI 18 x IR87705-14-11-B-SKI-12 (G3), INPARI 22 x IR83140-B-11-B (G4), Bio-R81 x O18b-1 (G5), Bio-R82-2 x O18b-1 (G6). Media for callus induction was based on N6 medium + 2.0 mg L-1 NAA + 0.5 mg L-1 kinetin + 1.0 mM putresin + 60 g L-1 sucrosa, media for regeneration was based on MS + 0.5 mg L-1 NAA + 2.0 mg L-1 kinetin + 1.0 mM  putresin, and media for rooting was based on  MS + 0.5 mg L-1 IBA + 30 g L-1 sucrosa. The result indicated that all six F1 had different ability in anther culture. Bio-R82-2 x O18-b1 (G6) and  Bio-R81 x O18-b1 (G5) F1 genotype had good response both of callus induction and plant regeneration. These two F1 genotypes also gave the highest ratio of green planlet production to number of anther inoculated (GP:AI) were 5.50% and 4.65%,  respectively. In this research, there were identified doubled haploid plants were developed from 4 F1 derived cross namely G2 (2 plants), G3 (4 plants),  G5 (21 plants), and G6 (26 plants).<br /><br />Keywords: Callus induction, doubled haploid, rice<br /><br />

scholarly journals Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Gelombang Cinta Akibat Pemberian Pupuk Daun Petrovita di Pembibitan Lanjutan

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Djoko Eko Hadi Susilo ◽  
Sri Handayani Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Love Wave ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Leaf Fertilizer ◽  
Treatment Design

This study aims to determine the growth response of the love wave plant (Anthurium plowmanii) on Petrovita leaf fertilizer in an advanced nursery conducted in August - October 2011 in Panarung Village, Pahandut District, Palangka Raya City. Single treatment design (one factor) with 10 (ten) repetitions in the form of Petrovita leaf fertilizer (D) consisting of 5 concentration levels, namely: d1 = 0.5 ml l-1 (0.05%); d2 = 1.0 ml l-1 (0.10%); d3 = 1.5 ml l-1 (0.15%); d4 = 2.0 ml l-1 (0.20%); and d5 = 2.5 ml l-1 (0.25%) using a completely randomized design. Observations were made when the plants in the advanced nurseries had received treatment applications 4 times at intervals of 2 weeks. Observations were made on plant height (cm); stem height (cm); number of leaves (leaves); leaf length (cm); leaf width (cm); and leaf area (cm2). The results of this study indicate that Petrovita complete leaf fertilizer has a very significant effect on increasing the growth of love wave plants aged 8 MST in advanced nurseries. Petrovita fertilizer concentration of 0.2% or 2 ml l-1 (d4) is the best and most efficient treatment for love wave plants in advanced nurseries. It is recommended to increase the growth of love wave plants in advanced nurseries using Petrovita 0.2% concentration but tried with an interval of less than 2 weeks (for example once a week).

scholarly journals Komposisi Media Pertumbuhan Protokorm Sebelum Perlakuan Kolkisin untuk Meningkatkan Poliploidi pada Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-313
Author(s):  
Astrid Aditya Putri ◽  
Dewi Sukma ◽  
Sandra Arifin Aziz ◽  
Dan Muhamad Syukur
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Leaves And Roots

Polyploidy induction in Phalaenopsis amabilis is one of the methods to increase plant genetic diversity. A highly meristematic condition of protocorm induced by cytokinines may improve the success rate of polyploidy induction. This experiment was aimed to study the effect of Benzylaminopurine (BAP), Thidiazuron (TDZ) and coconut water (CW) in a half concentration of Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium before colchicine treatment on growth, multiplication and the success rate of polyploidy induction on Phalaenopsis amabilis protocorm. The experiment used completely randomized  design with one factor, medium treatment (15% of CW); 0.51 mg L-1 BAP; 0.50 mg L-1 TDZ; 15% CW + 0.51 mg L-1 BAP; 15% CW + 0.50 mg L-1 TDZ). Each treatment consisted of three replications with five culture bottles of protocorm for each replication and ten protocorms per bottle. The protocorms were incubated for eight weeks in the medium before treated with 50 mg L-1 of colchicine for ten days. The results showed that 15% CW, 15% CW + 0.51 mg L-1 BAP or 0.5 mg L-1 TDZ gave the highest percentage (100%) of alive protocorm. The highest percentage of protocorm multiplication were resulted from 15% CW+0.51 mg L-1 BAP (65.3%) and 15% CW + 0.5 mg L-1 TDZ (62.7%). The best treatment to promote formation of leaves and roots from protocorm was 15% CW. The percentage of polyploid plantlets of 3% was found in plantlet from 15% CW + 0.50 mg L-1 TDZ media treatment while from other treatments could not be detected.Keywords: BAP, chromosome, coconut water, plantlet, TDZ

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF DURATION TIME ON ONGGOK FERMENTATION WITH ENRICHMENT N, S, P BY Trichoderma reesei ON NUTRIEN VALUE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Nila Cahyaning Febriyani ◽  
Agung - Subrata
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Trichoderma Reesei ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
P Element ◽  
Nutrient Value ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Range Test

The aim of this research was to study the effect of incubation time on onggok fermentation with enrichment N, S, P by Trichoderma reesei on nutrient value. The materials of this research were onggok, T. Reesei and N, S, P element. This research used completely randomized design with 4 treatments different incubation time with 5 replication; T0: 0 day, T1: 2 days, T2: 4 days and T3: 6 days. The parameters observed were crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and nitrogen free extract of fermented onggok. Data analysis was used by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued by Duncan’s Multiple Range test if they were significantly different. Results of this research showed that there were haven’t effect (P>0.05) of the treatment on nutrient value. The conclusion of this research was incubation time on onggok fermentation with enrichment N, S, P by Trichoderma reesei have not been able to decrease crude fiber.Keywords : Onggok, fermentation, T.reesei

scholarly journals Mutasi Induksi Dendrobium sylvanum var. flava Menggunakan Kolkisin secara In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Musalamah , ◽  
Ni Made Armini Wiendi ◽  
Sri Rianawati
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Chloroplast Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Proliferation Medium ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACTIn Vitro mutation using colchicine on 2 month of self-pollinated protocorm like bodies of Dendrobium sylvanum var. flava was conducted to determine the effects of concentration and immersion duration in colchicine on proliferation of PLBs, and to identify of ploidy variants based on stomatal variable. Research was arranged using factorial completely randomized design with three factors in three replications. The first factor was concentration of colchicine, consisted of five concentrations (0.02; 0.04, 0.06; 0.08; dan 0.1%). The second factor was duration of immersion in the colchicine, consisted of four durations (1; 24; 48; 72 hours). The third factor was proliferation medium consisted of two concentrations of BAP (1; 0.5 mg L-1). Analysis of variance showed the significant effect of colchicine treatment on percentage of survived explants. LD50 in media 1 mg L-1 BAP was obtained at a colchicine concentration of 0.069% with duration immersion of 58.19 hours. On Media 0.5 mg L-1 BAP, LD50 was obtained at colchicine concentration of 0.054% with duration immersion of 47.63 hours. Percentage of solid polyploid mutant of Dendrobium sylvanum var. flava can not be determined on MV2 generation because the stomata leaf showed chimeras based on the chloroplast number in cell guard and stomata size.Keywords: colchicines, Dendrobium sylvanum, mutation, number of chloroplast stomatal density.ABSTRAKMutasi dengan kolkisin pada PLBs hasil selfing Dendrobium sylvanum var. flava umur 2 bulan dilakukan secara In Vitro dengan tujuan mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi kolkisin, durasi perendaman dalam kolkisin, media proliferasi terhadap pertumbuhan PLBs Dendrobium sylvanum var. flava serta mengidentifikasi variasi ploidi berdasarkan variabel stomata. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial 3 Faktor dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama ialah konsentrasi kolkisin yang terdiri atas 5 taraf (0.02; 0.04, 0.06; 0.08; dan 0.1%). Faktor kedua ialah durasi perendaman yang terdiri atas 4 taraf (1; 24; 48; 72 jam). Faktor ketiga ialah media proliferasi media V&W yang ditambah BAP terdiri atas 2 taraf (1; 0.5 mg L-1). Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan pengaruh kolkisin yang nyata terhadap variabel persentase hidup. LD50 pada media 1 mg L-1 BAP diperoleh pada konsentrasi 0.069 % dengan durasi perendaman 58.19 jam. Pada media 0.5 mg L-1 BAP, LD50 diperoleh pada konsentrasi 0.054 % dengan durasi perendaman 47.63 jam. Persentase mutan poliploid pada MV2 Dendrobium sylvanum var. flava ini belum dapat ditentukan karena stomata daunnya masih kimera berdasarkan karakter jumlah kloroplas sel penjaga dan ukuran stomata.Kata kunci: Dendrobium sylvanum, jumlah kloroplas, kerapatan stomata, kolkisin, mutasi.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Glutamin dan Serin terhadap Kultur Anter Anthurium andraeanum cv. Tropical

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Winarto
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Ornamental Crops ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Anthurium Andraeanum ◽  
Positive Effect

Kultur anter merupakan salah satu teknologi haploid penting dalam produksi tanaman haploid ganda dan berhasil diaplikasikan pada berbagai jenis tanaman, namun aplikasi pada Anthurium belum pernah dilaporkan. Penelitian dan pengembangan kultur anter Anthurium yang difokuskan untuk mempelajari pengaruh glutamin dan serin terhadap induksi, pertumbuhan, dan regenerasi kalus dilakukan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias dari bulan Januari sampai dengan September 2008. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi konsentrasi glutamin dan serin terhadap induksi, pertumbuhan, dan regenerasi kalus pada kultur anter Anthurium. Spadik Anthurium andraeanum cv. Tropical, kalus hasil kultur anter serta medium Winarto dan Teixeira digunakan dalam studi ini. Glutamin dan serin pada konsentrasi 0, 250, 500, dan 750 mg/l diuji dalam percobaan ini. Percobaan disusun menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan empat ulangan. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa penambahan glutamin dan serin pada medium terseleksi belum memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap induksi, pertumbuhan, dan regenerasi kalus. Glutamin pada konsentrasi 250 mg/l menginduksi potensi tumbuh anter hingga 48% dengan 21% anter beregenerasi dan 1,3 anter per perlakuan membentuk kalus. Sementara serin pada 500 mg/l merupakan konsentrasi yang paling potensial dalam induksi kalus dengan 55% potensi tumbuh anter, 24% anter beregenerasi, dan 1,4 anter per perlakuan membentuk kalus. Glutamin 250 mg/l merupakan konsentrasi terbaik dibanding konsentrasi yang lain dalam mendukung pertumbuhan dan regenerasi kalus. Perlakuan tersebut tanpa serin mampu menginduksi potensi pertumbuhan kalus hingga 77% dengan volume kalus mencapai 237 mm3 dan empat tunas dihasilkan per eksplan. Sementara perlakuan serin justru mereduksi pertumbuhan dan regenerasi kalus dan menstimulasi senesensi kalus yang berdampak pada pencoklatan dan kematiannya. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disarankan penggunaan glutamin dibanding serin dalam meningkatkan keberhasilan kultur anter Anthurium.<br /><br /><br /><br />Anther culture is one of important haploid technologies in producing double haploid lines and successfully applied in many plants, while the application in Anthurium is not reported yet. Research and development in anther culture of Anthurium focusing on studying the effect of glutamine and serine on callus induction, growth, and its regeneration was conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory of Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute from January untill September 2008. Objective of this study was to know the effect of glutamine and serine on callus induction, growth, and its regeneration in anther culture of Anthurium. Spadix of Anthurium andraeanum cv. Tropical, callus derived from anther and Winarto and Teixeira medium were utilized in the study. Glutamine and serine of 0, 250, 500, and 750 mg/l were tested in the experiments. Factorial experiment was arranged by completely randomized design with four replications. Results of the study indicate that addition of glutamine and serine in selected culture medium gave moderate significant effect on induction, growth, and regeneration of callus. Glutamine in 250 mg/l induced potential growth of anther up to 48% with 21% regenerated anthers and 1.3 anthers per treatment producing calli, while 500 mg/l of serine was better concentration in callus formation with 55% potential growth of callus, 24% regenerated anthers and 1.4 anthers per treatment producing calli. In growth and regeneration of callus, supplementation of serine reduced callus capacity in growth and production of shoots and stimulated callus senescence causing browning and death of it, while 250 mg/l glutamine exhibited positive effect on them. The treatment without serine was able to induce potential growth of callus up to 77% with 237 mm3 per callus and four shoots produced per explants. Results of the study suggest application of glutamine rather than serine in improving anther culture of Anthurium.<br /><br />

scholarly journals The Effect of Addition Mn2+ Metal Ions and Incubation Time to Bacillus cereus Cellulase Enzyme Activity from Endophytic Bacteria of Curcuma Rhizome (Curcuma zanthorrizha Roxb.)

el–Hayah ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Cahyaning Sulistyantini ◽  
Ulfah Utami
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Cellulase Enzymes ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Range Test

Cellulase is one of the most widely used enzymes in the industrial world and wastes decomposition process. Bacillus cereus is one of the bacteria that can produce cellulase enzymes that can hydrolyze cellulose to glucose. The addition of cofactors and incubation time can help determine the optimum conditions needed by cellulase enzymes to work optimally. This study aims to determine the effect of adding Mn2+ metal ions and incubation time to the activity of cellulase enzymes from Bacillus cereus endophytic bacteria. This research is experimentally used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial design with two factor treatments and 3 times repetitions. The first factor is variation of addition Mn2+ metal ions which are 5 mM, 10 mM, and 15 mM, the second is variation of incubation time which are 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, and 5 hours. The data were analyzed using Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) and if the data significantly affected the parameter, then it would be continued by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with the fault level of 5%. The result showed that the interaction of addition Mn2+ metal ions and incubation time affected the cellulase enzyme activity of Bacillus cereus from endophytic bacteria. The highest cellulase enzyme activity obtained from interaction addition Mn2+ metal 10 mM and incubation time 3 hours with an activity 0,335 U/mL, while the lowest cellulase enzyme activity obtained from interaction addition Mn2+ metal 15 mM and incubation time 5 hours with an activity of 0,073 U/mL

scholarly journals Phytoremediation potential of some grasses on lead heavy metal in tailing planting media of former tin mining

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
NYAYU SITI KHODIJAH ◽  
RUJITO AGUS SUWIGNYO ◽  
M UMAR HARUN ◽  
LUCY ROBIARTINI
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Bioconcentration Factor ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Treatment Design

Abstract. Khodijah NS, Suwignyo RA, Harun MU, Robiartini L. 2019. Phytoremediation potential of some grasses on lead heavy metal in tailing planting media of former tin mining. Biodiversitas 20: 1973-1982. Agricultural production on tin tailings land must consider the safety of products from Pb metal contaminants. The presence of Pb metal can be overcome by using plants as phytoremediation. This study aimed to obtain information on the ability of phytoremediation of Pb by various types of grass and its interaction with the types of ameliorants in tin tailings media. Three species of grass were used, namely Pennisetum purpureum, Saccharum spontaneum, and Hymenachne acutigluma, and two types of ameliorant, namely lime and compost. The study was designed using a factorial treatment design laid out in a completely randomized design with two treatment factors, namely the type of grass and the type of ameliorant. Observations were done on growth, shoot Pb content and root Pb content. The ability of phytoremediation was assessed by using the approach of Bioconcentration factor (BCF) and Translocation Factor (TF) values. The highest phytoremediation ability was found in treatment of H. acutigluma grass treated with lime ameliorant, followed by S. spontaneum treated with lime ameliorous and S. spontaneum treated with compost ameliorant. Based on BCF values, P. purpureum and H. acutigluma were categorized as accumulators, and S. spontaneum was classified as an excluder. Based on TF values, the three types of grass used were classified as phytostabilisation. The high ability of phytoremediation in H. acutigluma was caused by its high BCF values, ​​while the high ability of phytoremediation on S. spontaneum was caused by its low translocation factor value and high Pb absorption efficiency.

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