Эпидемиологические особенности рака предстательной железы в Дальневосточном федеральном округе

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-85
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Male Population ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background. Recent decades in the Far East Federal District have been characterized by a constant increase in the number of patients with oncological pathology, in the structure of which prostate tumors are the second largest cause of mortality in men. The goal of this study was a scientific assessment of the main rates of morbidity and mortality of prostate cancer in the male population in the Far East Federal District for the last ten years (2009–2018). Material and methods. During the study, the indicators of morbidity and mortality, reporting forms of statistical registration of oncological patients and regulatory documents of higher-level organizations, information on ten-year observations of the dynamics of changes in digital indicators of the investigated pathology were used. Results of the research. The main rates of morbidity and mortality of prostate cancer patients in the Far East Federal District are given, where 33,111 new cases of malignant neoplasms were registered in 2018, that is 24,6 % higher than ten years ago (20 191 people in 2009). In Russia, such increase was 21,6 % higher. 9 324 patients, i.e. 0,12 % population of the region, were under medical supervision. The number of patients with I-II stages of the disease (60,9 %) increased during the investigated period with simultaneous reduction of the number of patients with neglected forms (38,1 %) of the disease. Morbidity and mortality rates have been increasing steadily over the past 10 years. The percentage of actively identified patients has increased, as well as the year-end accumulation index. Morphological confirmation of the diagnosis (over 95 %) did not exceed the average republican indicators (95,9 %). The proportion of patients registered for 5 years or more was lower than averagely in Russia, but mortality rates improved in the first year from the time of the initial diagnosis (2009 – 17,3 %; 2018 – 10,1 %; Russian Federation – 7,8 %). As far as the localizations in the male reproductive organs, neglected prostate cancer remains at the highest level.

scholarly journals CANCER OF TRACHEA, BRONCHI AND LUNG IN THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (71) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Виктор Гордиенко ◽  
Viktor Gordienko ◽  
А. Вахненко ◽  
A. Vahnenko ◽  
Д. Екония ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Far Eastern

The first two decades of the XXI century in the Far Eastern Federal District continue to be characterized by a constantly decreasing level of the population living on its territory with an annual increase in the number of patients with cancer pathology, which makes a negative contribution to the already negative demographic situation in the region. The purpose of this study was to make a scientific assessment of the main morbidity and mortality rates of the population from malignant tumors of the trachea, bronchi and lung in the Far Eastern Federal District over the past ten years (2008-2017). In the course of the work, morbidity and mortality indicators, reporting forms of statistical records of cancer patients and regulatory documents of higher organizations, information on ten-year observations of the dynamics of changes in the numerical values of indicators of the studied pathology were used. The main indicators of medical care for oncology patients in the Far Eastern Federal District are shown, and it was found out that 3180 new cases of tracheal, bronchial and lung malignant neoplasms were registered in 2017, which is 30.9% more than ten years ago (in 2008 there were 2429 cases). The maximum number of cases was in the age group of 50-69 years. The number of patients with stages I-II (29.4%) of the cancer process increased slightly whereas the number of patients with advanced forms of the disease increased significantly (41.5%). The percentage of patients identified during routine check-ups was 28.0% (in 2008 it was 15.8%). Mortality in the first year from the time of diagnosis was reduced to 49.2% (in 2008 – 55.0%) remaining, at the same time, at very high numbers, which makes it impossible to characterize medical care for oncology patients as adequate for the time required. In the structure of total mortality, trachea, bronchus and lung tumors (20.7%) take the first place significantly exceeding the Russian level (17.3%). There was designated the quality of the service’s activity according to the confidence index of accounting for this category of patients, which in 2017 did not fall below 0.6 in any of the territories forming the Far Eastern Federal District. A great deal of work of primary health care institutions responsible for identifying malignant neoplasms in the initial stages of the process, unfortunately, has not led to the desired reduction in morbidity and mortality in the Far Eastern Federal District in the last decade. On the contrary, the level of intensive indicators of medical care for cancer patients in the region remains high, with an annual increase in mortality and the number of cases, especially among the female population

scholarly journals The state of cancer care in Russia: lung cancer, patient survival (population study at the federal district level)

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-500
Author(s):  
Vakhtang Merabishvili ◽  
Iuliia Iurkova ◽  
Evgenii Levchenko ◽  
Aleksandr Shcherbakov ◽  
Nikolai Krotov
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
One Year

Lung cancer (LC) remains the main cause of morbidity and mortality in many economically developed countries of the world. In 2019, more than 60 thousand primary cases of LC and more than 50 thousand deaths from this cause were recorded in Russia. The registration reliability index remains high - 0.83, which indicates a significant underestimation of primary patients.At the same time, it should be noted that the standardized rates of morbidity and mortality from LC continue to decline. The most effective criterion for evaluating the activity of the oncological service is the indicator of the observed and relative survival of patients with malignant neoplasms (MNO). Such a possibility exists in many territories of Russia, but it is calculated only in selected territories working according to our programs, and first of all, in the newly created population cancer register of the Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) with a database (DB) of more than 1 million. 350 thousand observations.The results obtained can be fully extended to the whole of Russia, since the levels of standardized indicators of morbidity and mortality from LC in Russia and the NWFD of the Russian Federation are practically identical.The study showed that from 2000 to 2017, the median survival rate of patients with LC in the NWFD increased from 6.4 to 8.0 months, and the one-year mortality rate decreased from 65,2% to 60,8%.The change in indicators is extremely slow. Differences in the mortality rate (in standardized indicators) from LC between men and women differ in Russia by 7,1, in the NWFD of the RF - by 7.0.Mortality in men from LC in the first year of observation is 63.5% versus 52.5% among the female population, which is primarily due to the peculiarities of the industrial production process and bad habits that are more characteristic of the male population.

scholarly journals Epidemiological features of laryngeal cancer in the Far Eastern Federal District

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
V. P. Gordienko ◽  
K. V. Yanushevsky ◽  
D. T. Ekonia
Keyword(s):  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Female Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Far Eastern

Aim. A scientific assessment of the main indicators of morbidity and mortality of the population from laryngeal cancer in the Far Eastern Federal District over the past ten years (2009-2019).Materials and methods. In the process of work, indicators of morbidity and mortality, reporting forms of statistical registration of oncological patients and regulatory documents of higher organizations, information on ten-year observations on the dynamics of changes in digital values of the investigated pathology were used.Results. The main data on morbidity and mortality of patients with laryngeal cancer are given in the Far Eastern Federal District, where 2019 new cases of malignant neoplasms were registered in 34152, which is 8.5% more than ten years ago. There were 2171 patients with laryngeal cancer under outpatient observation, i.e. 26.5% per 100.000 population in the region. In the structure of primary morbidity and total mortality among all departments of the respiratory system, laryngeal cancer ranked second after malignant neoplasms of the trachea, bronchi and lung. During the study period, the number of patients with advanced forms of the disease increased with a simultaneous decrease in the number of patients with stages I and II of the oncological process. Over the past ten years, the incidence of disease has increased more significantly in the female population. The percentage of actively identified patients during this time increased by several orders of magnitude, with a simultaneous increase in the index of the accumulation of populations of patients with laryngeal cancer. Morphological confirmation of the diagnosis was lower than the Russian average. The proportion of patients registered for five years or more did not reach the average republican values. Lethality in the first year since the diagnosis was established was characterized by dynamically decreasing digital values, despite the increase in the number of neglected cases, which can be explained by the high level of modern methods of treatment.Conclusion. Against the background of the increasing absolute number of patients with malignancies in the Far Eastern Federal District in 2019, there was a decrease in standardized indicators (world standard) of morbidity and mortality from laryngeal cancer in the male population, with an increase in the number of women who fell ill and died from this pathology.

The state of cancer care in Russia: esophageal cancer (morbidity, mortality, reliability of accounting, typical mortality). Population-based research at the federal district level. Part I.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vakhtang M. Merabishvili
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
First Year ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Accuracy Index ◽  
The Russian Federation

Malignant neoplasms (MNO) of esophagus is the localization with a high mortality rate. Years of searching for effective treatment in Russia have resulted in modest success. The median survival rate of patients is expressed in months, 70% of patients die in the first year of dispensary registration, the levels of one-year mortality rates for men and women practically do not differ. The esophageal cancer (EC) morbidity and mortality rates have slightly decreased in 20002018 in Russia and has declined only among the male population of the Northwestern Federal District. Aim of the study. To study the trends in the morbidity and mortality rates in the population of Russia and the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation. Qualitative analytical indicators, such as the accuracy index and the year-to-year mortality patterns in esophageal cancer patients, will be further considered. Results of the study. The highest standardized EC morbidity rates of the population were found in Zimbabwe (Harare, Africans) 15.5 0/0000, Japan (Miyage) 14.3 0/0000 and the Arkhangelsk region of Russia 12.8 0/0000. In 2000-2019 the level of standardized morbidity rates of the Russian population with EC has decreased from 3.44 to 3.19 0/0000 or 7.3% (both sexes), mortality rates from 3.32 to 2.66 0/0000, or 19.9%. A decrease in the morbidity and mortality rates from EC occurred in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, only among the male population. Annual EC mortality rate mainly occurs according to the classical model. The highest level is determined in the first year of follow-up (72-74%); by the end of the decade, only 4.1% of patients remain from those initially recorded. The accuracy index has decreased in Russia and in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, respectively, to 0.84 and 0.86 (both sexes) but has remained above the critical mark of 0.7 for localizations with a high mortality rate.

Features of mortality of the male population of the monotown, which is the industrial center of non-ferrous metallurgy

2020 ◽  
pp. 772-772
Author(s):  
G. I. Tikhonova ◽  
M. S. Bryleva ◽  
T. Yu. Gorchakova
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Metallurgy ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Metallurgical Company ◽  
Industrial Center

Standardized mortality rates of the male population aged 15-59 in Monchegorsk, where the Kola mining and metallurgical company is located, were higher relative to the Murmansk region and Russia: from diseases of the circulatory system by 34.8% and 52.1%, respectively, from malignant neoplasms by 26.3% and 19.4%, from diseases of the digestive system by 59.0% and 36.3%.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in pregnant women of Siberia and the Far East. Article

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
N. V Artymuk ◽  
T. E Belokrinitskaya ◽  
O. S Filippov ◽  
E. M Shifman
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Siberian Federal District ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Operational Information ◽  
Far Eastern

The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative assessment of the incidence and characteristics of the course of the NCI COVID-19 in pregnant women in the Siberian Federal District and Far Eastern Federal District. Materials and methods. The analysis of operational information on the incidence of NCI COVID-19 and the features of the course in pregnant women, women in childbirth and puerperas provided by the chief obstetrician-gynecologists of the Siberian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District on May 25, 2020 is carried out. Results. The results of the study showed that the proportion of pregnant women among patients with COVID-19 in the Siberian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District is 0.82 %. Pneumonia was registered in almost every third patient (28.4 %), but the disease, on the whole, was characterized by a milder course than in the general population of patients: a severe form of the disease was diagnosed in 3.6 % of women, hospitalization in RAO was performed in 1.9 % of cases, mechanical ventilation was required by 0.6 % of patients. There were no cases of maternal and perinatal mortality. Conclusion. The course of the disease in pregnant women in the Siberian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District was characterized by a milder course relative to the general patient population. However, final conclusions can only be drawn after the pandemic is over. щей популяции больных. Однако окончательные выводы можно будет сделать только после завершения пандемии.

PROBLEMS OF REALIZING THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST IN THE CONTEXT OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
Marina N. Khramova ◽  
◽  
Dmitry P. Zorin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

In the current geopolitical conditions and fierce competition in world markets from such dy-namically developing countries of the Asia-Pacific region as China, Vietnam, Thailand, Singapore and a number of others, the preservation and increase of human capital in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District is of a strategic nature. To ensure the national security and integrity of the country, to strengthen Russia's position in the Asia-Pacific area, the role of the Far East regions comes to the fore. However, the pronounced processes of depopulation of the population of the Far East regions and the stable migration outflow of the working-age population to other regions of Russia and abroad call into question the implementation of many tasks for the sustainable socio-economic development of this macro-region. The regions of the Far Eastern Federal District are already experiencing a shortage of qualified personnel in several industries. This deficit, in the absence of a governmental long-term strategy in the field of human capital formation, will not allow Russia to compete with the fast-growing economies of Asia-Pacific countries in the future. In this article, we analyze the opportunities and potential risks of human capital development through the prism of demographic processes occurring in the regions of the Russian Far East. Based on modern data on fertility, mortality, age-sex structure of the population, trends in interregional and international migration we conclude that for the growth of human capital and sustainable economic growth, the necessary conditions are: the development of transport and social infrastructure of the macro-region, the development of programs of labor mobility of the popu-lation, attracting young people through the educational migration channel, attracting international migrants from the CIS countries as well as from Asia-Pacific countries with a level of education and qualifications corresponding to the economic specialization of the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District.

Prospects for coal production in the Far East Federal District up to 2035

2017 ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Plakitkina ◽  
◽  
Yu. A. Plakitkina ◽  
K. I. Dyachenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Coal Production ◽  
The Far East
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