scholarly journals EFFECTS OF EXTRACTS FROM LEAVES AND ROOTS OF Melaleuca cajuputi Powell ON NEMATODES CAUSING DISEASES ON Piper nigrum L. (BLACK PEPPER) IN VITRO

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (34) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Xuyen Hoang Le ◽  
Thai Quoc Nguyen ◽  
Truong Nhat Nguyen ◽  
Hoi Hoang Luu
Keyword(s):  
Rate Control ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Natural Death ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Melaleuca Cajuputi ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Leaves And Roots

This study evaluates the effects of different extracts from leaves (fresh and dry) and roots of melaleuca on  pathogens such as Meloidogyne spp., Phytophthora spp. and Fusarium spp. which affect pepper orchards in Hau Giang province, Vietnam. The results showed that the extracts increased the rate of death of a lethal nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) on pepper up to 100%, while the natural death rate (control) only reached to58% at 3 days after stocking in vitro, and the extracts from fresh leaves had the quickest response. However, extracts from both the melaleuca fresh leaves and roots were not effective on the development of all 11 strainsof Fusarium spp. and 5 strains of Phytophthora spp. which were tested after 3 days of inoculation. The results illustrated that the extracts of dried leaves was positive against the growth of 2 strains (18%), increased thegrowth of 8 strains (73%) and ineffective on 1  strain (9%) of Fusarium spp., and completely ineffective on all 5 strains of Phytophthora spp.

scholarly journals In vitro toxin production by Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de Lourdes R. Duarte ◽  
Simon A. Archer
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Toxic Metabolites ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Detached Leaves

Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis (teleomorph: Nectria haematococca f. sp. piperis), causal agent of root rot and stem blight on black pepper (Piper nigrum), produces secondary metabolites with toxigenic properties, capable of inducing vein discoloration in detached leaves and wilting in transpiring microcuttings. Production of F. solani f. sp. piperis (Fsp) toxic metabolites reached a peak after 25 days of static incubation on potato sucrose broth at 25 ºC under illumination. Changes in the pH of the culture filtrate did not alter the effect of toxic metabolites. However, when the pH was changed before the medium had been autoclaved, a more intense biological response was observed, with an optimum at pH 6.0. Isolates that produced red pigments in liquid cultures were more efficient in producing biologically active culture filtrates than those which produced pink coloured or clear filtrates suggesting that these pigments could be related to toxigenic activity. Detached leaves of seven black pepper cultivars and Piper betle showed symptoms of vein discoloration after immersion in autoclaved and non-autoclaved Fsp culture filtrates indicating the thermostable nature of these toxic metabolites.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Intracellular and in vitro Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil From White and Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Jin Tan ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Zi-Tao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Therapeutic Tools ◽  
Median Effective Concentration

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pepper essential oils have potential immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, and anti-cancer activities. Pepper exhibits the potential to prevent or attenuate carcinogenesis as therapeutic tools. However, the related mechanism remains unelucidated.Aim of the Study: The present study aims to provide reasonable information for the explanation of the dissimilarity of the essential oils from white (WPEO) and black pepper (BPEO).Materials and Methods: WPEO, BPEO, and their single active component, as well as synthetic antioxidants, were compared by the cell model methods and chemical methods, including intracellular antioxidant activity (CAA), total antioxidant activities (TAA), superoxide radical (SR), hydroxyl radical (HR), DPPH radical (DR) scavenging activities and inhibition ability of lipoprotein lipid peroxidation (ILLP).Results: The median effective concentration (EC50) values (mg/mL) of the WPEO and BPEO of SR, HR, DR, and ILLP were 0.437 and 0.327, 0.486 and 0.204, 7.332 and 6.348, 0.688, and 0.624 mg/mL, respectively. The CAA units of WPEO and BPEO were 50.644 and 54.806, respectively. CAA, DR, and TAA of BPEO were significantly higher than those of WPEO (p < 0.05). The BPEO and WPEO can be differentiated as the former have higher correlations with 3-carene, α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene while the latter has a higher caryophyllene correlation. The WPEO and BPEO show a good intracellular scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species in HeLa cells.Conclusion: Generally, pepper oil has stronger activities than single components, indicating that pepper is a broad-spectrum natural antioxidant.

scholarly journals Diversity of Nematode Microbial Antagonists from Algeria Shows Occurrence of Nematotoxic Trichoderma spp.

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 941
Author(s):  
Nawal Benttoumi ◽  
Mariantonietta Colagiero ◽  
Samira Sellami ◽  
Houda Boureghda ◽  
Abdelaziz Keddad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Phytoparasitic Nematodes ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Fungi and bacteria associated to phytoparasitic nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and Meloidogyne spp. in Algeria were identified and characterized. Trichoderma spp. showed the highest prevalence in the cysts of G. rostochiensis. A number of isolates were identified through PCR amplification and the sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1-2 and Rpb2 gene regions. The most represented species were T. harzianum and T. afroharzianum. The latter and T. hirsutum were reported for the first time in Algeria. Fusarium spp., including F. oxysporum and F. solani, comprised a second group of fungi found in cysts. Taxa associated to females of Meloidogyne spp. included T. harzianum, Fusarium spp. and other hyphomycetes. To assess the efficacy of Trichoderma spp., two assays were carried out in vitro with the culture filtrates of two T. afroharzianum and T. harzianum isolates, to check their toxicity versus the second stage juveniles of M. incognita. After 24–48 h exposure, a mortality significantly higher than the control was observed for both filtrates at 1% dilutions. The TRI genes involved in the production of trichothecenes were also amplified with the PCR from some Trichoderma spp. isolates and sequenced, supporting a putative role in nematode toxicity. Bacteria isolated from the cysts of G. rostochiensis included Brucella, Rhizobium, Stenotrophomonas and Bacillus spp., identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The potential of the microbial isolates identified and their mechanisms of action are discussed, as part of a sustainable nematode management strategy.

EXTRACTION, ISOLATION, CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION AND IN VITRO UROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY OF PIPERINE FROM PIPER NIGRUM

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Jyoti ◽  
Yogesh Murti ◽  
Krishn K. Agrawal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Semipermeable Membrane ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Chemical Identification ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
The Family

Piper nigrum is belongs to the family Piperaceae. The aim of the present study was to extract, isolate and investigate in vitro urolithiatic activity of alkaloid (piperine) from black pepper and identification by chemical reagents. In vitro urolithiatic evaluation of piperine was performed by percentage dissolution and turbidity methods. Calcium oxalate crystals were synthetically prepared and packed in a semipermeable membrane in both methods. Results were compared statistically and it showed significant P​

scholarly journals Prebiotic Potential of Culinary Spices Used to Support Digestion and Bioabsorption

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine T. Peterson ◽  
Dmitry A. Rodionov ◽  
Stanislav N. Iablokov ◽  
Meredith A. Pung ◽  
Deepak Chopra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Glycosyl Hydrolase ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Sugar Composition ◽  
The Impact

Although the impact of medicinal and culinary herbs on health and disease has been studied to varying extents, scarcely little is known about the impact of these herbs on gut microbiota and how such effects might contribute to their health benefits. We applied in vitro anaerobic cultivation of human fecal microbiota followed by 16S rRNA sequencing to study the modulatory effects of 4 culinary spices: Curcuma longa (turmeric), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Piper longum (pipli or long pepper), and Piper nigrum (black pepper). All herbs analyzed possessed substantial power to modulate fecal bacterial communities to include potential prebiotic and beneficial repressive effects. We additionally analyzed the sugar composition of each herb by mass spectrometry and conducted genome reconstruction of 11 relevant sugar utilization pathways, glycosyl hydrolase gene representation, and both butyrate and propionate biosynthesis potential to facilitate our ability to functionally interpret microbiota profiles. Results indicated that sugar composition is not predictive of the taxa responding to each herb; however, glycosyl hydrolase gene representation is strongly modulated by each herb, suggesting that polysaccharide substrates present in herbs provide selective potential on gut communities. Additionally, we conclude that catabolism of herbs by gut communities primarily involves sugar fermentation at the expense of amino acid metabolism. Among the herbs analyzed, only turmeric induced changes in community composition that are predicted to increase butyrate-producing taxa. Our data suggests that substrates present in culinary spices may drive beneficial alterations in gut communities thereby altering their collective metabolism to contribute to the salubrious effects on digestive efficiency and health. These results support the potential value of further investigations in human subjects to delineate whether the metabolism of these herbs contributes to documented and yet to be discovered health benefits.

scholarly journals Characterization of Pseudomonas bacteria of Piper tuberculatum regarding the production of potentially bio-stimulating compounds for plant growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Danyllo Amaral de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Solange da Cunha FERREIRA ◽  
Daiany Larissa Ribeiro CARRERA ◽  
Cleyson Pantoja SERRÃO ◽  
Daihany Moraes CALLEGARI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Soluble Phosphate ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Molybdenum Blue ◽  
Iaa Production

ABSTRACT Despite advances in the identification and characterization of endophytic bacteria in various plant species worldwide, little is known about such microorganisms in plants from the Amazon region. Previous studies reported that Piper tuberculatum endophytic Pseudomonas (isolates Pt12 and Pt13, identified as Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas sp., respectively) were able to inhibit the in vitro growth of Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, which causes root rot in black pepper (Piper nigrum), and that Pt13 promoted the growth of P. nigrum. Therefore, the aim here was to characterize these bacteria regarding their ability to produce plant growth-promoting substances [siderophores, indol acetic acid (IAA) and soluble phosphate]. Chrome azurol S assays were performed for the detection of siderophores. For qualitative and quantitative assays of IAA production and phosphate solubilization, Salkowski´s reagent and NBRIP medium with molybdenum blue reagent, respectively, were used. Results revealed that Pt12 and Pt13 were able to synthesize IAA, mainly under a high concentration of L-tryptophan, indicating that they are IAA-producing bacteria, probably through a tryptophan-dependent biosynthesis pathway. The presence of P. nigrum extract positively influenced the IAA production by Pt12 and Pt13, with highest values of 125 and 90 µg mL-1, respectively. In addition, Pt12 was positive for the production of siderophores and produced 56.56 µg mL-1 of soluble phosphate. In contrast, Pt13 showed no ability to produce siderophores or to solubilize phosphate. Besides their potential in controlling plant diseases, Pt12 and Pt13 have potential as biofertilizers, favoring sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals KONSERVASI TANAMAN LADA (Piper nigrum L.) SECARA IN VITRO

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
YELNITITIS YELNITITIS ◽  
NURLIANI BERMAWIE
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Black Pepper ◽  
In Vitro Conservation ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Number Of Leaves

<p><strong>In vitro conservation of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)</strong></p><p>Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is one of the economically im¬ potant spices. The major constraint in black pepper cultivation and conservation in ield is foot rot disease caused by Phytopthora capsici which could cause plants die. Conservation of black pepper germplasms as living collections in ield is risky due to pests and natural disaster. The experiment on in vitro cop ervation of black pepper var. LDL was conducted al the laboratory of Plant Genetic Resources and Breeding, Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops (RISMC) Bogor from April 1998 to Maret 1999. Single node cuttings from sterile culture were used as explains. The explains were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium on full and half strength concentration supplemented with paclobutrazol (paclo) (0, 1, 3 and 5 mg/1). The experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design arranged factorially with 10 replications. The result showed that the medium supplemented with paclo on both full MS and MS A medium could suppress vegetative growth until 12 months. There was no signiicant interaction between medium and paclo on shoot initiation. The effect was signiicant on shoot height, number of leaves and culture performances. Increasing paclo concen¬ tration caused higher suppression of plant growth. MS A medium supplemented with paclo 5 mg/1 showed the slowest growth with shool height 2.10 cm and number of leaves 9. Culture performance was fresh, with green leaves and vigorous. Advcntive shoots were able to regenerate on the medium supplemented with BA 0.3 mg/1. In vitro conservation of black pepper with paclo did not change plant regeneration ability. Therefore, this technique may be used as an altenative method for black pepper conservation.</p>

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