scholarly journals Design of ecological masonry piece for non-structural walls

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Felipe Mendoza-González ◽  
Jesús Fausto Córdova-Escobedo ◽  
Francisco de Jesús Trejo-Molina ◽  
Mario Raúl Salmeron-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Structural Walls ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Steel Mold ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Interior Walls ◽  
Structural Blocks

In the research work in the methodological aspect, the tongue and groove Block was designed (geometry) in AutoCad, based on the NMX-C-038-ONNCCE-2004 standard; It was included in the material with which the Block was manufactured, crushed polypropylene plastic (PP) to reuse materials that are polluting, and in this way an ecological Block was made, later it was manufactured complying with the NMX-X-159 standard. ONNCCE-2004 the steel mold for the Block. For the analysis and results, a press was used to test the compression pieces established by the NMX-C-441-ONNCCE-2013 Standard for non-structural blocks. In the laboratory, the initial water absorption test was carried out with the NMX-C-037-ONNCCE-2005 in three pieces of blocks, in addition, the MATLAB software was used to obtain the effort-time graphs of the pieces of block with the different dosages of recycled plastic material. The research concludes that the reuse of polypropylene plastic to make blocks will help reduce environmental pollution. The results of the compression tests were satisfactory for non-structural blocks. The initial maximum water absorption tests to which the blocks were subjected, comply for exterior and interior walls.

The Behaviour of Rubber Tyre as Fine Aggregate in Concrete Mix

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 427-431
Author(s):  
Shamshinar binti Salehuddin ◽  
Nur Liza Rahim ◽  
Norlia Mohamad Ibrahim ◽  
Siti Aza Nurdiana Tajri ◽  
Mohd Zuhaidi Zainol Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Rubberized Concrete ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Water Absorption Test

Usage of waste materials as concrete mixture can reduce the waste management crisis in the world. Used tyres were widely researched as an alternative source of aggregates replacement in concrete mixture. This research is to study the behaviour of concrete incorporating rubber tyre crumb as fine aggregate replacement. The workability, compression strength and water absorption of this concrete will be determined and then compared to normal concrete. Motorcycle inner tube will be used as rubber source and it will be shredded to crumbs. Three samples of concrete with rubber as fine aggregates were prepared. Rubber crumbs will be used to replace fine aggregates in 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% in mass. Normal concrete were prepared separately as control for comparison. Concrete mixture of 1:2:4 and 0.5 of water cement ratio were used. Slump test were done to test the workability of each mix. Twelve sample cubes from (150mm x 150mm x 150mm) each mix were prepared and cured for 7, 14 and 28 days. Compression tests were performed for each mix cube at age 7, 14 and 28 days. Water absorption test were done at age 28 days. Results revealed that rubberized concrete has better workability than normal concrete. They also have smaller compressive value and higher water absorption compared to normal concrete.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Sifat Mekanik Wadah Makanan dari Limbah Daun Pisang Kering

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Zilmi Azyurah Rahman ◽  
Hernawati Hernawati ◽  
Ayusari Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Steel Mold ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Large Plate ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Food Media

The objective of this research is to determine the physical quality of food media, consisting of small plate, large plate and small bowl. The method used of this research is testing the water absorption and resistance of the food media’s temperature. The process of making a food media using a stainless steel mold which is heated using a food thermometer with 100   and a load of 10 kg as a pressure, then it is printed for 5 minutes with 4 times taking the data for each food media. There are two testing of food media, the first test is water absorption with 29.5  for 125 miles into a small plate, 200 miles into a small bowl and 250 miles into a large plate for 60 minutes, the average value of the water absorption test for the Non-woven food media consists of three forms food medias have 0.00  as the same result, meanwhile woven media such as small plate has 65.00 , large plate has 44.83 and small bowl has 66.68 .  Second test is resistance of the food medias based on temperature parameters. The temperatures used were 40, 60, 80 for non-woven food media consists of three forms food media which had few change after drying, while for woven food media consists three forms of food media had the same results, that is seepage (leaking) in the food media.

scholarly journals Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as Partial Cement Replacement on the Compressive Strength of Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Sabir Ali ◽  
Aneel Kumar ◽  
Samar Hussain Rizvi ◽  
Mohsin Ali ◽  
Israr Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash ◽  
Partial Cement Replacement

The disposal of solid waste in open environment is a serious alarming concern that needs immediate attention from the researchers. The hazardous solid agro-industrial wastes which include: wheat straw ash, rice husk ash, corn cob ash and sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA), having pozzolanic properties, have a versatile use in concrete. The solid pozzolana enhances the various concrete properties by the reaction of silicates with calcium hydroxide in the presence of water, which in result generate a saturated zone of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel. This C-S-H gel reduces the amount of calcium hydroxide C(OH)2 during the hydration process of cement. Very limited research works have been done on concrete by partially replacing cement with SCBA. This research work was focused on evaluating the properties of concrete by partially replacing cement with SCBA at 0, 5, 10, and 15 percentages. Compressive strength, Strength activity index, and water absorption of all mixes were examined. And it was observed that all SCBA mixes showed an increase in compressive strength and at 10% replacement the strength activity index was at a peak of 115.67%, but all the SCBA mixes showed a strength activity index greater than 75% which satisfied the standard specification. The water absorption test for all SCBA mixes showed a slight increase in water absorption.

scholarly journals Quantitative 3D imaging of partially saturated granular materials under uniaxial compression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Milatz ◽  
Nicole Hüsener ◽  
Edward Andò ◽  
Gioacchino Viggiani ◽  
Jürgen Grabe
Keyword(s):  
Granular Materials ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Water Clusters ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Mechanical Effect ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Interfacial Areas ◽  
Membrane Effects

AbstractGauging the mechanical effect of partial saturation in granular materials is experimentally challenging due to the very low suctions resulting from large pores. To this end, a uniaxial (zero radial stress) compression test may be preferable to a triaxial one where confining pressure and membrane effects may erase the contribution of this small suction; however, volume changes are challenging to measure. This work resolves this limitation by using X-ray imaging during in situ uniaxial compression tests on Hamburg Sand and glass beads at three different initial water contents, allowing a suction-dependent dilation to be brought to the light. The acquired tomography volumes also allow the development of air–water and solid–water interfacial areas, water clusters and local strain fields to be measured at the grain scale. These measurements are used to characterise pertinent micro-scale quantities during shearing and to relate them to the measured macroscopic response. The new and well-controlled data acquired during this experimental campaign are hopefully a useful contribution to the modelling efforts—to this end they are shared with the community.

scholarly journals Chitosan succinate/PVA-PEG Membrane: Preparation, Characterization and Permeation Ability Test on Creatinine

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Ariadi Lusiana ◽  
Vivi Dia Ahmad Sangkota ◽  
Sri Juari Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Membrane Strain ◽  
Phase Inversion Method

Evaluation character of chitosan membrane-succinate / poly vinyl alcohol-poly ethylene glycol (PVA-PEG) were prepared in acetic acid solvent through a phase inversion method has been performed. The study began with the preparation of crosslinked chitosan compounds with succinic acid, followed by preparation into membrane by combining PVA-PEG. Character analysis of the resulting material using FTIR, EDX, TGA, water absorption test, tensile strength, membrane hydrophilicity. The ability of membrane permeation was tested against creatinine. The results showed that the succinate had reacted with chitosan. Chitosan modification through cross link and polymer alloys increases tensile strength and membrane strain of 1.7-2.5 x of pure chitosan membrane. In addition, the modified membrane also has higher water absorption and hydrophilicity values than the unmodified membrane, and this implies the ability of membrane-induced creatinine permeation. Permeable permeation values were 13.8% in chitosan, 24.84% on chitosan-succinate and 25% in chitosan-succinate / PVA-PEG. Chitosan-succinate membranes have the ability to use more than 4x repeated use.

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE OF APPLICATION HIGH PERFORMANCE CEMENT COMPOSITES FOR CREATING DURABLE SCULPTURAL ELEMENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Genadijs Sahmenko ◽  
Sandis Aispurs ◽  
Aleksandrs Korjakins
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Cycles ◽  
Material Ductility ◽  
And Control

Traditionally, sculptural and decorative elements of building facades are created from mortar mixes based on lime, gypsum or Portland cement. Generally these materials have porous and permeable structure, which determines their accelerated degradation, especially in the aggressive environment of modern cities. High performance cement composites (HPCC) have been considered for production and restoration of sculptural elements in historical buildings. For this purpose, fine-graded, multi-component and highly workable mixes were elaborated. Mix compositions were modified with micro-fillers, plasticizing and stabilizing admixtures, as well as fibers to improve material ductility and control shrinkage cracking. Basic mechanical properties and durability (such as water absorption, frost resistance) were determined and two types of HPCC were compared (>50 MPa: HPCC and >120 MPa: UHPCC). It has been confirmed that cement composite mixes are characterized by self-consolidating effect, high compressive strength, extremely high resistance versus freezing and thawing cycles and low water absorption. Surface quality was evaluated and initial water absorption (tube tests) were performed for laboratory samples and real sculptural elements after 5 years of exploitation. The results confirmed good potential for using HPCC for creating more attractive and durable architectural shapes and façade elements compared to elements made using traditional cement and lime mortar.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD POWDER COMPOSITES AND BAGASSEAS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS OF SHIP

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ersti Yulika Sari ◽  
Polaris Nasution ◽  
Fajri Ramdhan1
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Wood Powder ◽  
Powder Composites ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Composite Wood

Parameters for measuring the physical properties on this research are divided into three elements, including measurement of weight, water absorption, and density. This research was conducted from January to March 2018 to determine the physical properties of wood powder composites and bagasse. The manufacturing and testing process refers to the ASTM and JIS standards. Weight and density testing refer to the ASTM D 792 standard while the water absorption test refers to the JIS A5908 standard. The results showed that the density of wood powder was 0.4175 gr / cm3, and the bagasse was 0.3125 gr / cm3. Then, fiber absorption in units of volume to water and resin were 16.88% and 13.75% respectively. The results showed that the largest water absorption was found in composite wood powder 60% and bagasse 40%, which was 13.47%, and for the highest density values found in wood powder composites as much as 80% or 1,078.29 kg / m3

Studies on Tensile and Water Absorption Properties on Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus) Fibre Mat/Polyester Composite Using Chemical Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 290-295
Author(s):  
Mohammad Taib Mohamad Nurul Azman ◽  
Abu Kassim Masitah ◽  
Ariff Jamaludin Mohd ◽  
Ismail Tayibbah
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Kenaf Fibre ◽  
Polyester Composite ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Polyester Composites

This research investigated the tensile and water absorption properties of kenaf fibre mat/polyester composites. Treatment using acetylation method has been introduced to improve the properties of product manufactured. The effects of acetylation treatment with three variations of time that were 1, 4 and 24 hours on the kenaf fibre mats were investigated. The MOE of the tensile of treated fibre mat/polyester composite for 1 hour was the highest with value 4589.61 MPa. The tensile strength of treated fibre mat/polyester composite for 4 hours was the highest with value 0.6213 MPa. For water absorption test, the results showed that fibre mat/polyester composite with treatment duration for 1 hour had the lowest water absorption that was 1.23% compared with treatment duration for 4 hours and 24 hours. For overall it can be concluded that the treatment duration of 1 hour was recommended for acetylation method when compared with 4 hours and 24 hours duration treatments. Using acetylation treatment on the kenaf fibre mat/polyester composites was showed improvement on composite and was recommended in short duration of treatment.

Effect of Core Plasticity on the Post-Buckling Behavior of Debonded Sandwich Beams

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavani V. Sankar ◽  
Manickam Narayanan ◽  
Abhinav Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Material ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Face Sheet ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Perfectly Plastic ◽  
The Face ◽  
Post Buckling ◽  
Elastic Perfectly Plastic

Abstract Nonlinear finite element analysis was used to simulate compression tests on sandwich composites containing debonded face sheets. The core was modeled as an elastic-perfectly-plastic material, and the face-sheet as elastic isotropic. The effects of core plasticity, face-sheet and core thickness, and debond length on the maximum load the beam can carry were studied. The results indicate that the core plasticity is an important factor that determines the maximum load.

Perbandingan Karakteristik Plastik Biodegradable dari Biji Durian menggunakan Filler Kalsium Silikat dan Kalsium Karbonat

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
S. Sigit Udjiana ◽  
Sigit Hadiantoro ◽  
Noor Isnaini Azkiya
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Biodegradable Plastics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Carbonate Filler ◽  
Durian Seed

Pada penelitian ini biji durian digunakan sebagai sumber pati dalam pembuatan plastik biodegradable. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan jumlah filler terhadap sifat biodegradable, sifat mekanik dan sifat water absorbtion pada plastik biodegradable berbasis pati biji buah durian. Plasticizer yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sorbitol  40%, sedangkan filler yang digunakan adalah Kalsium silikat (Ca2SiO4) dan Kalsium karbonat (CaCO3) dengan variable konsentrasi 2%, 4%, 6%, dan 8%. Dari hasil penelitian, diperoleh % yield dari pati biji buah durian sebesar 34,57%. Hasil dari plastik biodegradable terbaik dengan karakteristik transparan, tidak ada gelembung, lentur serta permukaan yang halus diperoleh pada variabel penambahan filler kalsium karbonat 4%. Hasil uji bio-degradasi paling mendekati standard ASTM D6400 diperoleh pada variabel kalsium karbonat 2%. Pada Uji water absorption hasil terbaik dicapai pada variabel kalsium silikat 8%. Uji tarik hasil terbaik diperoleh pada variabel kalsium silikat 6%.In this study, durian seeds were used as a source of starch in making biodegradable plastics. This study aims to determine the effect of the type and amount of filler on biodegradable properties, mechanical properties, and water absorption properties of biodegradable plastics based on durian fruit starch. The plasticizer used in this study was sorbitol 40%, while the filler used was Calcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) and Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) with variable concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%.. From the research results, the% yield of durian seed starch was 34.57%. The results of the best biodegradable plastic with the characteristics of transparent, no bubbles, flexible and smooth surface were obtained with the addition of 4% calcium carbonate filler variables. The bio-degradation test results closest to the ASTM D6400 standard were obtained in the 2% calcium carbonate variable. In the water absorption test, the best results were achieved at the 8% calcium silicate variable. The best tensile test results were obtained in the 6% calcium silicate variable.

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