scholarly journals Application of the Channel Water Balances Method for the Samur River Accounting and Reliability/coordination Analysis for the Samur River Runoff

2016 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Mountain River ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Channel Water ◽  
Observation Series ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Water Balances ◽  
The Individual

Special features of the channel water balances method application for the runoff accounting reliability analysis at the rivers with complicated hydro/morphological regime (a mountain river with the wide floodplain and a multi/armed channel) have been discussed. The individual balance components contribution has been assessed. Assessments of the runoff hydrometric accounting inaccuracies have been obtained for the Samur River and its tributaries’ ranges. The channel water balances calculation outcomes for various time spans (daily, decade, monthly, and annual) have been listed. When analyzing a many-year observation series results for the Samur River runoff at the range between Akhta and Usukhchay hydrological stations numerous runoff discrepancies (losses) have been revealed. Suppositions on the possible causes of the runoff portions’ loss at the approaching to the closure range have been formulated. The method has been recommended provided the accounting of the possibly complete set of the balance input and output components.

System Effects in Generic Risk-Based Inspection Planning

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Straub ◽  
Michael Havbro Faber
Keyword(s):  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Value Of Information ◽  
Structural Reliability ◽  
Inspection Planning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Structural Reliability Analysis ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Consistent Approach

Reliability and risk-based inspection planning (RBI) has been developed in the past for single structural details subject to fatigue, based on structural reliability analysis. This paper extends the methodology to systems with a stochastic dependency between the individual fatigue hot spots. It addresses the general decision theoretic problems that arise when dealing with RBI of systems. The differences to inspection planning for individual hot spots are listed and discussed. Using a generic format for single hot spots, a consistent approach to the problem is proposed, based on the concept of Value of Information. Possible applications of the methodology are outlined.

scholarly journals Genome-wide analysis of the aquaporin genes in melon (Cucumis melo L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Lopez-Zaplana ◽  
Juan Nicolas-Espinosa ◽  
Micaela Carvajal ◽  
Gloria Bárzana
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Physiological Importance ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Related Plant ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

AbstractMelon (Cucumis melo L.) is a very important crop throughout the world and has great economic importance, in part due to its nutritional properties. It prefers well-drained soil with low acidity and has a strong demand for water during fruit set. Therefore, a correct water balance—involving aquaporins—is necessary to maintain the plants in optimal condition. This manuscript describes the identification and comparative analysis of the complete set of aquaporins in melon. 31 aquaporin genes were identified, classified and analysed according to the evolutionary relationship of melon with related plant species. The individual role of each aquaporin in the transport of water, ions and small molecules was discussed. Finally, qPCR revealed that almost all melon aquaporins in roots and leaves were constitutively expressed. However, the high variations in expression among them point to different roles in water and solute transport, providing important features as that CmPIP1;1 is the predominant isoform and CmTIP1;1 is revealed as the most important osmoregulator in the tonoplast under optimal conditions. The results of this work pointing to the physiological importance of each individual aquaporin of melon opening a field of knowledge that deserves to be investigated.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic profile of mutual subunit control in a heteromeric receptor

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (30) ◽  
pp. e2100469118
Author(s):  
Jana Schirmeyer ◽  
Sabine Hummert ◽  
Thomas Eick ◽  
Eckhard Schulz ◽  
Tina Schwabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Nucleotide ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Nucleotide Binding Domain ◽  
Closed Channel ◽  
Olfactory Neurons ◽  
Channel Opening ◽  
Cng Channel ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
The Individual

Cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) ion channels of olfactory neurons are tetrameric membrane receptors that are composed of two A2 subunits, one A4 subunit, and one B1b subunit. Each subunit carries a cyclic nucleotide-binding domain in the carboxyl terminus, and the channels are activated by the binding of cyclic nucleotides. The mechanism of cooperative channel activation is still elusive. Using a complete set of engineered concatenated olfactory CNG channels, with all combinations of disabled binding sites and fit analyses with systems of allosteric models, the thermodynamics of microscopic cooperativity for ligand binding was subunit- and state-specifically quantified. We show, for the closed channel, that preoccupation of each of the single subunits increases the affinity of each other subunit with a Gibbs free energy (ΔΔG) of ∼−3.5 to ∼−5.5 kJ ⋅ mol−1, depending on the subunit type, with the only exception that a preoccupied opposite A2 subunit has no effect on the other A2 subunit. Preoccupation of two neighbor subunits of a given subunit causes the maximum affinity increase with ΔΔG of ∼−9.6 to ∼−9.9 kJ ⋅ mol−1. Surprisingly, triple preoccupation leads to fewer negative ΔΔG values for a given subunit as compared to double preoccupation. Channel opening increases the affinity of all subunits. The equilibrium constants of closed–open isomerizations systematically increase with progressive liganding. This work demonstrates, on the example of the heterotetrameric olfactory CNG channel, a strategy to derive detailed insights into the specific mutual control of the individual subunits in a multisubunit membrane receptor.

scholarly journals STEAM BOILER CONTROL SYSTEM USING TENSOR ANALYSIS METHODS

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Viktor Sidletskyi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Unit ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Tensor Analysis ◽  
Diagonal Form ◽  
Tensor Model ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
Current State ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
The Individual

Approaches to the control of steam boilers are analyzed in the article. It is recommended to use the method of tensor analysis for identification of the current state of the heat-energy process for conducting regulating action. It is suggested that the vectors of the input and output variables of the technological process with a tensor are to be connected, which for orthonormal systems adopts a diagonal form that facilitates the calculation of regulating actions. This article presents the results of simulation when traditional methods of calculating the coefficients of the regulator are used and the calculation of the regulating action using a tensor model. The use of such a technique allows conducting the necessary regulating actions taking into account the operation of the individual apparatus. So, its operation is coordinated as a structural unit in the technological line in case of occurrence of deviations and transients.

scholarly journals MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF CHANGES IN RIVER RUNOFF IN A LONG-TERM SECTION ACROSS THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
A.M. Gareev ◽  
E.M. Galeeva ◽  
V.V. Barinov
Keyword(s):  
River Runoff ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Observation Series ◽  
The Republic

The article reveals the main characteristics of the change in the values of the river runoff layer indicator in the long-term section across the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. In previously published works related to 1990-2000, the statistical parameters of river runoff are considered without taking into account the changes that have occurred in the general population of the initial information. It is noted in the article that the calculations and estimates for the study of the peculiarities of changes in hydrometeorological conditions, carried out by us in recent years, indicate a violation of the homogeneity of the observation series. At the same time, attention is drawn to the fact that this trend is dependent on the influence of factors associated with global climate change. The article indicates that ignoring the facts reflecting the ongoing changes can affect not only the accuracy of the calculations, but also lead to the adoption of incorrect and unjustified decisions in the water sector and the assessment of environmental conditions in watercourses. The analysis was carried out according to the values of the annual runoff layer, the change in the indicators of the annual runoff of the rivers of the republic was calculated for two time intervals. As the boundary conditions between them, the year was taken, from which a rather clear tendency of the trend change in terms of the annual runoff values is revealed. Cartographic analysis of the information obtained was carried out using the ArcGIS software package. It has been established that during the period of noticeable climatic changes in most of the territory of the republic, there is a tendency to an increase in the values of the annual runoff layer. At the same time, the greatest indicators of change occur on the western slopes of the Southern Urals and the Ufa plateau within the republic. It was found that a noticeable decrease in the values of the annual runoff layer is observed over the territory of the Bashkir Trans-Urals.

Corrections and Additions to Verification Study of Performance of 1976 University of Wisconsin Model2

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-613
Author(s):  
Robert P. Harnack ◽  
William R. Sammler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Skill Score ◽  
Temperature Forecast ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
Skill Scores ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Forecast Skill Score ◽  
The University

Revised and complete verification statistics for mainland United States long-range forecasts made for the period 1976–80 by the 1976 version of the University of Wisconsin model are presented. Corrections to earlier published values are given, as well as skill scores obtained using a much more complete set of stations for which forecasts were made. The overall skill score for the pentad temperature forecasts made for January, April, July, and October is negative (−0.14), while those for pentad precipitation and individual year July precipitation forecasts are positive (0.12 and 0.04, respectively). The individual year January temperature forecast skill score was unchanged at −0.08 overall.

scholarly journals Optimization of an Instance-Based GOES Cloud Classification Algorithm

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Bankert ◽  
Robert H. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Training Samples ◽  
Real Time Image ◽  
Reduction Methods ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Minimal Reduction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Time Image ◽  
Training Sets

Abstract An instance-based nearest-neighbor algorithm was developed for a Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) cloud classifier. Expert-labeled samples serve as the training sets for the various GOES image classification scenes. The initial implementation of the classifier using the complete set of available training samples has proven to be an inefficient method for real-time image classifications, requiring long computational run times and significant computer resources. A variety of training-set reduction methods were examined to find smaller training sets that provide quicker classifier run times with minimal reduction in classifier testing set accuracy. General differences within real-time image classifications as a result of using the various reduction methods were also analyzed. The fast condensed nearest-neighbor (FCNN) method reduced the size of the individual training sets by 68.3% (fourfold cross-validation testing average) while the average overall accuracy of the testing sets decreased by only 4.1%. Training sets resulting from these reduction methods were also applied within a real-time classifier using a one-nearest-neighbor subroutine. Using the FCNN-reduced set, the subroutine run time on a 30° latitude × 30° longitude image (GOES-10 daytime) with 11 289 600 total pixels decreased by an average of 60.7%.

scholarly journals Key Role of Dimensional Analysis Homogeneity in Proving Riemann Hypothesis and Providing Explanations on the Closely Related Gram Points

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
John Y. C. Ting
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Function ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Imaginary Part ◽  
Riemann Zeta Function ◽  
A Value ◽  
Identical Manner ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Riemann Zeta ◽  
The Individual

Riemann zeta function is the famous complex number infinite series consisting of a real and an imaginary part. Non-trivial zeros and Gram points are best seen as mathematically derived entities of this function when its variable Sigma has a value of $\frac{1}{2}$. The presence [but not the actual locations] of the complete set of infinite non-trivial zeros is characterized by the criterion that the sum total of the simultaneous real and imaginary parts in Riemann zeta function equates to zero. In an identical manner this slightly altered criterion for the presence [but not the actual locations] of the complete set of infinite Gram points is that this 'sum total' now refer to the lesser requirement that only the individual imaginary part in Riemann zeta function equates to zero. The key role played by Dimensional analysis homogeneity to rigorously prove Riemann conjecture/hypothesis has been fully outlined in our landmark research paper published earlier on Page 9 - 21 in the preceding Volume 8, Number 3, June 2016 issue of this journal. Those resulting methodology previously employed by us are now mathematically used in an analogical procedure to delineate its role in successfully supplying crucial explanations for Gram points. In this research article, we use the notation \{Non-critical lines\}-Gram points to signify those 'near-identical' (virtual) Gram points when Sigma value is not $\frac{1}{2}$.

scholarly journals Gemini Fiber for Interferometry and Sensing Applications

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Zetterlund ◽  
A. Loriette ◽  
C. Sterner ◽  
M. Eriksson ◽  
H. Eriksson-Quist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Bragg Grating ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Fiber Bragg Gratings ◽  
Thermal Coupling ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Fiber Design ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Multicore Fiber ◽  
Fiber Preforms

A novel type of fiber for sensing applications is introduced based on a plurality of individual fiber preforms drawn together but maintaining their original shape. The individual cores of the Gemini fiber can be addressed at input and output ends through splicing to stand-alone fibers. Thermal coupling between cores is sufficient to eliminate relative thermal effects. Fabrication, coupling and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) studies are discussed. The possibility to connect in a single splice more than one fiber to the Gemini fiber is introduced as being highly advantageous. A conventional splicer can be used, the loss is acceptable and the operation takes minutes. Sensing with Gemini fibers is discussed mainly with the incorporation of fiber Bragg gratings. Another advantage of the concept of the Gemini fiber discussed is the possibility to make monolithic fiber interferometers of nearly equal arm lengths. A large number of new options are opened by the monolithic multicore fiber design, where access to individual cores is straightforward.

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