scholarly journals The 2019 Floods in Irkutsk Region

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Ndvi Index ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Systemic Problems ◽  
High Flood

The article presents the results of a study of the causes of floods in the summer of 2019 in the Irkutsk region, which affected more than 100 settlements, and the damage exceeded 35 billion rubles. Tulun City and Nizhneudinsk City located on the Ija River and the Tulun River, suffered the most from floods. The authors have found that the formation of extreme floods was due to the action of natural causes, that is a rare combination of synoptic factors with high previous moisture catchments. Anthropogenic factors had little impact. Modeling allowed to find out the reasons of formation of an unusual flood in the basin of the Iya River and to restore chronology of flooding of Tulun. Spectral analysis of satellite images on the NDVI index allowed automatic identification of objects subjected to flooding. The high flood damage was caused not only by the height of the floods, but also by systemic problems specific to the Russian Federation. The article provides recommendations on reduction of the flood risks.

scholarly journals Monitoring of specially protected natural territories of forest-steppe landscapes of the Stavropol upland by means of remote sensing data

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 364-376
Author(s):  
Tigran Shahbazyan
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Ndvi Index ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the methodology of monitoring specially protected natural areas using remote sensing data. The research materials are satellite images of the Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellites, obtained from the resource of the US Geological Survey. The key areas of the study were 3 specially protected areas located within the boundaries of the forest-steppe landscapes of the Stavropol upland, the reserves «Alexandrovskiy», «Russkiy Les», «Strizhament». The space survey materials were selected for the period 1991–2020, and the data from the summer seasons were used. The NDVI index is chosen as the method of processing the spectral channels of satellite imagery. To integrate long-term satellite imagery into a single raster image, the method of variance of the variation series for the NDVI index was used. The article describes an algorithm for processing satellite images, which allows us to identify the features of the dynamics of the vegetation state of the studied territory for the period 1991–2020. The bitmap image constructed by means of the variance of the NDVI index was classified by the quantile method, to translate numerical values into classes with qualitative characteristics. There were 4 classes of the territory according to the degree of dynamism of the vegetation state: “stable”, “slightly variable”, “moderately variable”, “highly variable”. The paper highlights the factors of landscape transformation, including natural and anthropogenic ones. In the course of the study, the determining influence of anthropogenic factors of transformation was noted. The greatest impact is on the reserve «Alexandrovskiy», the least on the reserve «Russkiy Les», in the reserve «Strizhament» the impact is expressed locally. The paper identifies the leading anthropogenic factors of vegetation transformation, based on their influence on vegetation.

scholarly journals Incidence of Socially Significant Diseases in the Context of Studying the Demographic Security of the Country

Vestnik NSUEM ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 208-219
Author(s):  
N. I. Ovechkina ◽  
E. S. Shmarikhina
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Alcohol Dependence Syndrome ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The article reflects the problems of solving theoretical and methodological issues of the statistical research of demographic security. In order to justify the system of statistical indicators of the demographic security, considered regional differences in the incidence of socially significant diseases:tuberculosis, HIV infections, malignant neoplasms, mental disorders, psychotic disorders associated with alcohol use and alcohol dependence syndrome, syphilis. Groups of subjects of the Russian Federation with the maximum and minimum values of indicators are allocated and shown on the map. The most socially prosperous regions in Russia are the Republic of Dagestan, the Chechen Republic, the Republic of Kalmykia, the Republic of Ingushetia and the Belgorod region, the Irkutsk region and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug were the absolute Champions in terms of social disadvantage in 2018.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SPECTRUM OF FORCES OF URINARY INFECTION OF THE DELIVERIES OF THE IRKUTSK REGION AND THE DYNAMICS OF BACTERIAL RESISTANCE In 2002-2004 and 2014-2016 years.

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Вадим Альбот ◽  
Vadim Albot ◽  
Ирина Келешева ◽  
Irina Kelesheva
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

In the structure of diseases of the urinary system in children, microbial-inflammatory lesions of the kidneys and urinary tract are 70–80 %. The prevalence of infections of urinary system in children in the Russian Federation is on average 18–22 per 1000 children’s population. The aim of the study was to analyze the spectrum of infectious agents of urinary infection in children and to determine the dynamics of bacterial resistance. We analyzed 330 cases of urinary system infection in children aged from 2 months up to 18 years in two time peri- ods – 2002–2004 and 2014–2016 (n = 114 and n = 216, respectively). Patients of both periods were divided into three groups: the first one – cystitis, the second one – pyelonephritis and the third group – a combination of pyelonephritis and cystitis. An obligatory criterion for including the patient in the study was the presence of a pathogmonic combina- tion of leukocyturia and bacteriuria, 10 5 KOE/ml, for the infection of the urinary system. The main causative agent of urinary infection in children remains E. coli. An increase is marked in the specific gravity of E. coli, Enterococcus spp. and Klebsiella spp., Pr. vulgaris. The study revealed the growth of E. coli resistance to cephalosporins of II, III, IV generations; decreased resistance of Enterococcus spp. to ampicillin and gentamicin. In the study of the sensitivity of Klebsiella spp. an increase was detected in resistance to cephalosporins of the III generation. We identified the main pathogens of infections of the urinary system and determined bacterial resistance.

scholarly journals Prospects of development of aquaculture in Russia and its regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Kalinina ◽  
Inga Zelenskaya ◽  
Sofya Trufanova ◽  
Nicolay Kalinin
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
The State ◽  
State Support ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
State Program ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Current Program ◽  
The Russian Federation

The state program “Development of aquaculture (commercial fish farming) in the Russian Federation for 2015-2020” (hereinafter referred to as the State Program) determines the main directions for the development of the fisheries complex and its financial support. However, the current program does not sufficiently elaborate the forms of state support for this sphere of agricultural production, which would contribute to the accelerated development of the industry. It should also be noted that the existing potential of aquaculture in Russia is not fully utilized. The Institute of Economics of the Irkutsk State Agrarian University named after A.A. Ezhevsky, in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture of the Irkutsk Region, assessed the fulfillment of tasks of the State Program, identified factors hindering the development of aquaculture in Russia and its regions, and developed recommendations for improving the forms of state support for economic entities in the industry.

scholarly journals Land-Use/Land-Cover Change and Anthropogenic Causes Around Koupa Matapit Gallery Forest, West-Cameroon

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Caroline Solefack Momo ◽  
Andre Ledoux Njouonkou ◽  
Lucie Felicite Temgoua ◽  
Romuald Djouda Zangmene ◽  
Junior Baudoin Wouokoue Taffo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Significant Implication ◽  
Gallery Forest

This study assesses land cover change of the Koupa Matapit forest gallery, West Cameroon, in relation to anthropogenic factors. Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted to investigate the relationships between the local population and the gallery forest; the spatio-temporal dynamics of the landscapes around the gallery forest were studied from the diachronic analysis of three Landsat TM satellite images of 1984, Landsat ETM + 1999 and Landsat OLI_TIRS of 2016, supplemented by verification missions on field. The satellite images were processed using ArcGIS and Erdas Imagine software. According to surveys, it should be noted that agriculture and livestock are the main economic activities of the population of Koupa Matapit, agriculture and fuel wood collection for energy were the main anthropogenic activities responsible for deforestation and degradation of the forest gallery. The collection of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) would have a significant implication in land use and cover changes. The results indicate that the extension of savannah/agricultural land (from 6989 ha in 1984 to 7604 ha in 2016) and bare soil/built up area (from 71 ha in 1984 to 342 ha in 2016) would have led to the disappearance of much of the forest area (1465 ha in 1984 to 580 ha in 2016). The rapid population growth of Koupa Matapit would be responsible for these pressures. There is an urgent need to implement appropriate land use policy in this area.

scholarly journals Informative value of ultra-high resolution satellite images for monitoring the moisture content of the tundra cover

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-95
Author(s):  
S.G. Kornienko
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Yamal Peninsula ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Ndvi Index ◽  
Fundamental Possibility ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Images ◽  
Landsat 7

The article substantiates the fundamental possibility of using multispectral ultra-high spatial resolution satellite images for monitoring the moisture content of the tundra. The results of the analysis of spectral images from the QuickBird satellite in the area of the construction of the runway in the village Sabetta (the Yamal Peninsula) indicate an obvious relationship between the reflectance factors in the red (ρRED) and near infrared (ρNIR) regions with the types of terrain of varying degrees of drainage. The possibility of assessing changes in the moisture content of the tundra cover using high-resolution images is confirmed by the results of verifying the changes in ρRED, ρNIR and the NDVI index (according to the QuickBird and Ikonos satellites) by comparing with the changes in the NDWI index, which characterizes the cover moisture (according to the Landsat 7, 8 satellites). It is shown that the parameter ρRED is less sensitive, but it has an advantage over ρNIR and NDVI, since it changes unidirectionally with the changes in moisture for any encountered types of surface – from bare ground to developed ground vegetation cover with any real values of the NDVI index.

scholarly journals Spatial Visualization of Data on the Antibiotic Resistance of Vibrio cholerae Strains Isolated in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
N. A. Selyanskaya ◽  
E. A. Bereznyak ◽  
A. V. Trishina ◽  
I. R. Simonova ◽  
L. A. Egiazaryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Visualization Of Data ◽  
El Tor ◽  
Stavropol Krai

Aim. The aim was to develop an integrated online and updated geographic information system (GIS) for the systematiza tion and analysis of information on V. cholerae El Tor antibiotic resistance.Material and methods. The method of serial dilutions in a dense nutrient medium (MUK 4.2.2495-09) was used to determine the sensitivity/resistance to 22 antibacterial preparations of V. cholerae O1 El Tor strains isolated from people and from aquatic environmental objects in Russia in 2005–2016. The development of the Internet version of the GIS was carried out using programming languages HTML, JavaScript and PHP and cartographic data obtained from the corporation Rostelecom (Russia) and the community OpenStreetMap.Results. A comparative analysis of the antibiotic resistance of the strains by regions of the Russian Federation and by isolation time showed an increase of strains resistant to streptomycin, ampicillin, rifampicin and furazolidone, the appearance of cultures resistant to nalidixic acid and ceftriaxone, reduced resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in 2012–2016 compared to 2005–2009. In the Stavropol Krai, the isolated V. cholerae O1 El Tor were characterized by resistance to furazolidone (33.3%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100%); in the Primorsky Krai — to ampicillin, streptomycin, rifampicin (7%), furazolidone (43%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100%); in the Irkutsk region and Kalmykia, to ampicillin (8.3% and 11%), furazolidone and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (11% and 89%).Conclusion. The GIS developed allows to collect and analyze information on the antibiotic resistance of V. cholerae O1 El Tor, and to select the strains for given properties.

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