Infrastructural Development and Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia (Municipal Panel Data 2002 – 2013)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Puspita Ayuningtyas Prawesti ◽  
Bambang Supriyono
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
National Level ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Objective - This study attempts to provide comprehensive findings on the impact of several kinds of infrastructural developments and government budgets on specific purposes, as well as agricultural and non-agricultural productions, on poverty alleviation in Indonesia between 2002-2013. Methodology/Technique - This study uses macroeconomic data at a municipal level to provide more precise findings when comparing provincial and national level data. The study uses an adaptation of the theory of international development. Findings - This research shows that electricity and sanitation are more effective at eradicating poverty than water infrastructure. In addition, household access to infrastructure is more effective in combatting poverty than the government budget for infrastructure development. The study also performs correlation matrices, dividing the data into the western and eastern parts of Indonesia, to provide more robust findings. Agricultural production is more effective in the western part of Indonesia, yet non-agricultural production is more relevant towards poverty reduction in the eastern part of Indonesia. Novelty - This study yields some empirical results and conclusions for economic development in Indonesia, finding that the key problem lies in the effectiveness of budget arrangement within the framework of fiscal decentralization. Type of Paper: Empirical. Keywords: Infrastructure Development; Fiscal Decentralization; Government Expenditure; Poverty Rate; Poverty Reduction. JEL Classification: H54, P30, P36.

Parliament and Poverty Reduction in Bangladesh: Role of the MP

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 163-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizam Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Local Power ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
Parliamentary System ◽  
Members Of Parliament ◽  
The Government

This article explores the role of Members of Parliament (MPs) in poverty alleviation in Bangladesh. Under the existing party-dominated parliamentary system, MPs do not have really much to do at the national level; their role is to play second fiddle to their party leaders. What most MPs now do is to try to get involved in different kinds of activities at the local level. The government often remains receptive to demands of the MPs for greater local level involvement for two reasons: first, it can be seen as a strategy to compensate the MPs for their lack of genuine involvement in national policymaking; second, it is used as a strategy to exert centralised political control over the locality, especially to discourage the emergence of any ‘autonomous’ local power. Using MPs for centralised control has negative implications for the development of local level representative institutions and democracy deepening in the country.

scholarly journals Analisis Dampak Kredit Usaha Rakyat pada Sektor Usaha Mikro terhadap Penanggulangan Kemiskinan di Kota Makassar

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Maria Ulfa ◽  
Mohammad Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Community empowerment through micro-business development can be an instrument in poverty alleviation. The development of micro-businesses cannot take place by itself, therefore it needs to get financial support from the government. One form of government’s support is the people's business credit (kredit usaha rakyat - KUR) which until now has been running for more than ten years. The purpose of this study was: (1) To determine the impact of the KUR on the micro-business sector; and (2) To determine the impact of the development of micro-businesses on poverty reduction. The type of research used was descriptive with a qualitative approach. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling with a consideration that the informants were considered the most knowledgeable about the object of this research problem (key informants). The informants consisted of officials from the Makassar City Office of Cooperatives and SMEs, business actors, and community leaders. Based on the research conducted, it is known that the KUR has a positive impact on the development of micro-businesses in Makassar City and the development of micro-businesses has a positive impact on poverty alleviation.AbstrakPemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pengembangan usaha mikro dapat menjadi sebuah instrumen dalam penanggulangan kemiskinan. Pengembangan usaha mikro tidak dapat berjalan sendiri, karenanya perlu mendapat dukungan pembiayaan dari pemerintah. Salah satu bentuk dukungan pemerintah adalah kredit usaha rakyat (KUR) yang hingga saat ini telah berjalan selama lebih dari sepuluh tahun. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Untuk mengetahui dampak KUR pada sektor usaha mikro; dan (2) Untuk mengetahui dampak pengembangan usaha mikro terhadap penanggulangan kemiskinan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dengan pertimbangan bahwa narasumber atau informan dianggap paling tahu tentang objek permasalahan penelitian ini (key informant). Adapun informannya terdiri dari pejabat pada Dinas Koperasi dan UKM Kota Makassar, pelaku usaha, dan tokoh masyarakat. Berdasarkan penelitian diketahui bahwa KUR memiliki dampak positif terhadap pengembangan usaha mikro di Kota Makassar dan pengembangan usaha mikro memiliki dampak positif terhadap penanggulangan kemiskinan.

scholarly journals Poverty Reduction Through Self Employment of Women : A Study on Thengamara Mohila Sabuj Sangha (TMSS)

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAJ Siddique ◽  
MM Salehin ◽  
JU Ahmed ◽  
AHMS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
National Level ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Employed Women ◽  
Head Count ◽  
Employment Of Women ◽  
Essential Contribution ◽  
The Impact

The study was designed to present the issues of self-employed women of Thengamara Mohila Sabuj Sangha (TMSS) in Shajahanpur Upazila of Bogra district considering their participation in different programmes of TMSS for poverty alleviation. The impact of the study was assessed in terms of economic and social gains accrued by the women’s and their family activities. Data were collected randomly from four villages under Shajahanpur Upazila of Bogra district. Sixty members from ten societies consisted of 292 members were selected randomly. The test of mean difference, head count ratio, poverty gap were used towards poverty alleviation. The study revealed that per household annual average income was positively changed. The expenditure and saving pattern indicated a shift of positive attitude towards life and improvement in the standard of living due to womens’ contribution. The poverty situations also improved as compared with that of the national level. This small effort is an addition to the knowledge about the essential contribution of the self employed women in different programmes to their role and status in the society which helps to reduce poverty. Finally, some recommendations were also made by the study.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.17366 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 155 - 168, 2008 

scholarly journals Governing Village Fund in Indonesia: Is It Erradicating Poverty?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Satria Aji Imawan ◽  
Erwan Agus Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Satisfaction Index ◽  
Government Report ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

This study was conducted by its finding that there were inconsistencies and uncorrelated data from the government score-based report about Village Fund, and the public perception of the village fund. This research observes relevance of those numbers using the Impact Assessment concepts. This research can act as a useful insight for the governments, researchers and societies to evaluate the commitment of the government to build Indonesia from village. By using descriptive quantitative research method, this paper critically summarises the government report of the Village Fund by contrasted the priorities target of the fund. From the assessment, it was found that the development of the village facilities, infrastructure, and community empowerment program currently increased, but the village fund still has a problem with its equalisation and utilisation of the fund. In conclusion, the achievement numbers of the village fund do not have any correlation with the poverty reduction, because there are lack of equalisation and perception in some sectors. The perception index does not correlate with the satisfaction index in terms of infrastructure development, and the intervention of the village fund does not have a connection with the understanding of people on the use of the fund.

Surviving the Ordeal of Poverty: A Study of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Goyal ◽  
Deepti Kakar
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Economic Planning ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Bangladesh is categorized as a low income economy by the World Bank and faces a congenital problem of poverty. Its experience with this problem is noteworthy due to several reasons that include peculiarities of its economy, geography, demographics and culture. Once considered to be a country doomed to rely on foreign aid forever for its sustenance, Bangladesh has rewritten its fate. Despite unfavourable circumstances manifested in the above dimensions, the country is now being celebrated as an example of success over poverty, especially on account of commendable poverty reduction in the first decade of the 21<sup>st</sup> century. This paper explores the origins of poverty in Bangladesh, highlighting the reasons for the same and takes an account of the poverty estimates. A discussion on economic planning and poverty alleviation programmes as instruments for poverty reduction reveals the efforts made at the level of the Government to tackle the poverty problem. However, the impact of these measures has been limited. The paper discusses the reasons underlying Bangladesh’s success in reducing poverty.

Financial and monetary policy of the State and its impact on the income level and poverty reduction in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 964-990
Author(s):  
N.I. Kulikov ◽  
V.L. Parkhomenko ◽  
Akun Anna Stefani Rozi Mobio
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Subject. We assess the impact of tight financial and monetary policy of the government of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia on the level of household income and poverty reduction in Russia. Objectives. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results of financial and monetary policy in Russia and determine why the situation with household income and poverty has not changed for the recent six years, and the GDP growth rate in Russia is significantly lagging behind the global average. Methods. The study employs methods of analysis of scientific and information base, and synthesis of obtained data. The methodology and theoretical framework draw upon works of domestic and foreign scientists on economic and financial support to economy and population’s income. Results. We offer measures for liberalization of the financial and monetary policy of the government and the Central Bank to ensure changes in the structure of the Russian economy. The proposed alternative economic and financial policy of the State will enable the growth of real incomes of the population, poverty reduction by half by 2024, and annual GDP growth up to 6 per cent. Conclusions. It is crucial to change budget priorities, increase the salaries of public employees, introduce a progressive tax rate for individuals; to reduce the key rate to the value of annual inflation and limit the bank margin. The country needs a phased program to increase the population's income, which will ensure consumer demand.

scholarly journals Agricultural subsidies and global greenhouse gas emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Laborde ◽  
Abdullah Mamun ◽  
Will Martin ◽  
Valeria Piñeiro ◽  
Rob Vos
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Consumer Prices ◽  
High Emission ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Emissions

AbstractAgricultural production is strongly affected by and a major contributor to climate change. Agriculture and land-use change account for a quarter of total global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). Agriculture receives around US$600 billion per year worldwide in government support. No rigorous quantification of the impact of this support on GHG emissions has been available. This article helps fill the void. Here, we find that, while over the years the government support has incentivized the development of high-emission farming systems, at present, the support only has a small impact in terms of inducing additional global GHG emissions from agricultural production; partly because support is not systematically biased towards high-emission products, and partly because support generated by trade protection reduces demand for some high-emission products by raising their consumer prices. Substantially reducing GHG emissions from agriculture while safeguarding food security requires a more comprehensive revamping of existing support to agriculture and food consumption.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural production, livelihoods, and food security in India: baseline results of a phone survey

Food Security ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay M. Jaacks ◽  
Divya Veluguri ◽  
Rajesh Serupally ◽  
Aditi Roy ◽  
Poornima Prabhakaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Phone Survey ◽  
Extra Food ◽  
The Government ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on agricultural production, livelihoods, food security, and dietary diversity in India. Phone interview surveys were conducted by trained enumerators across 12 states and 200 districts in India from 3 to 15 May 2020. A total of 1437 farmers completed the survey (94% male; 28% 30–39 years old; 38% with secondary schooling). About one in ten farmers (11%) did not harvest in the past month with primary reasons cited being unfavorable weather (37%) and lockdown-related reasons (24%). A total of 63% of farmers harvested in the past month (primarily wheat and vegetables), but only 44% had sold their crop; 12% were still trying to sell their crop, and 39% had stored their crop, with more than half (55%) reporting lockdown-related issues as the reason for storing. Seventy-nine percent of households with wage-workers witnessed a decline in wages in the past month and 49% of households with incomes from livestock witnessed a decline. Landless farmers were about 10 times more likely to skip a meal as compared to large farmers (18% versus 2%), but a majority reported receiving extra food rations from the government. Nearly all farmers reported consuming staple grains daily in the past week (97%), 63% consumed dairy daily, 40% vegetables daily, 26% pulses daily, and 7% fruit daily. These values are much lower than reported previously for farmers in India around this time of year before COVID-19: 94–95% dairy daily, 57–58% pulses daily, 64–65% vegetables daily, and 42–43% fruit daily. In conclusion, we found that the COVID-19 lockdown in India has primarily impacted farmers’ ability to sell their crops and livestock products and decreased daily wages and dietary diversity.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN THROUGH MICRO CREDIT: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
T. Indumathi ◽  
G. Savaraiah
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Political Empowerment ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Credit

The World Bank's Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project supports the self helf groups of the women members. It promotes women's social, economic, legal and political empowerment to reduce poverty among the poor and the poorest of the poor. The important object of this article is to examine the impact of micronance on the socio economic empowerment of the rural women supported by the national reputed NGO- Rashtriya Seva Samithi (RASS). 184 women members of the SHGs promoted by Rasthriya Seva Samathi (RASS) an NGO which located in Tirupati town. 184 samples are selected randomly from 15 SHGs scattered throughout the Tirupati rural mandal (Taluk) from the area of the study have been considered to conduct the present research study. The study reveals that 87.71 percent of the sample women were below the poverty line before joining the SHGs. As a result of SHG, about 40 percent of the sample women crossed the poverty line. The highest intensive value indicates that more women have participated in social agitations for the welfare of the children and the society. The second highest intensity reveals that considerable numbers of women of SHGs have participated in the government sponsored schemes. The 1st point secured 3rd rank with total intensity value of 605 which status that the micro credit has resulted in increased social status and empowerment.

scholarly journals Government Expenditure and Economic Growth Nexus: Evidence from Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Oyediran, Leye Sherifdeen ◽  
Sanni, Ibrahim ◽  
Adedoyin, Lukman ◽  
Oyewole Olabode Michael
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Fiscal Discipline ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Economic Development And Growth ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The need to better the lots of citizens through government expenditure has raised questions on the impact of government expenditure on the economic development and growth of nations. It is against this background that this paper examined the antecedent effect of government spending on the Nigerian economic growth. The general objective of the study is to ascertain the relationship between government expenditure and economic growth in Nigeria; specifically, the study examined: (i) the significance influence of government capital expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria and (ii) the significance influence of government recurrent expenditure on economic growth in Nigeria. The study employed ordinary least square (OLS) multiple regression analysis in estimating the specified model, with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as the dependent variable, while Capital Expenditure (CAPEXP) and Recurrent Expenditure (REXP) are the independent variables. Data between 1980 – 2013 were collected from secondary sources through the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). Results showed that in Nigeria, there exist a significant relationship between the government expenditure and economic growth. The study therefore recommends instilling fiscal discipline in government expenditures, and putting in place structural mechanisms to act as surveillance on capital spending so as to boost the nation’s human and social capital.

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