Analysis of Central Hemodynamic Parameters in Medical Students during the Pre-Examination Study Period

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
VA Belyayeva
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Central Hemodynamic

Background: One of the main negative factors of the educational environment is the increased stress impact on the cardiovascular system of students preparing for examinations. The cumulative effect of a long-term, systematic exposure to stressors may be accompanied by impaired mental and somatic health of students. The extent of response to stress is individual; it is usually determined by cardiovascular health and a complex of psychophysiological characteristics of the body. Objective: To study the main parameters of central hemodynamics in medical students depending on the body mass index and adaptive potential in the pre-examination study period Materials and methods: In spring–summer 2019, 170 medical students (young men and women aged 20.4 ± 0.3 years) with different adaptive potential of the circulatory system were surveyed during a pre-exam study period to establish their anthropometric indicators, blood pressure and heart rate and to further estimate the body mass index and the main central hemodynamics parameters. Results: The average heart rate of students during the pre-exam study period was 85.4 ± 12.21 beats per minute. The level of metabolic and energy processes in the myocardium was characterized as moderate with a tendency to insufficient functional capacity of the cardiovascular system (CI = 90.4 ± 1.22). Significant differences were revealed in a number of parameters un-der study depending on gender, body mass index (F = 3.99; p = 0.00890) and the adaptive potential of the circulatory system (F = 23.08; p = 0.00000). Conclusions: In the pre-examination study period, both the heart rate and the Kerdo index among the students were elevated, which indicates the predominance of sympathetic autonomic stress. The students with tense adaptation mechanisms demonstrated higher values of certain hemodynamic parameters. The pulse pressure and the Robinson index were higher in overweight students compared to their peers with a normal body mass index. None of the students with class 1 obesity had a satisfactory level of adaptation of the circulatory system. The analysis of central hemodynamic parameters enables the assessment of tolerance of the cardiovascular system of students to the burden of learning.

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SHORT SLEEP DURATION AND OBESITY IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapaswini Mishra ◽  
Dipti Mohapatra ◽  
Manasi Behera ◽  
Srimannarayan Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Obese Class

ABSTRACTObjective: Adequate sleep has been considered important for the adolescent’s health and well-being. On the other hand, self-imposed sleepcurtailment is now recognized as a potentially important and novel risk factor for obesity. The objective of the study is to find the association betweenshort sleep duration and obesity (by calculating the body mass index [BMI]) among medical students.Methods: The study was conducted on 100 medical students. A brief history of sleep duration was taken. The height and weight were taken and thebody mass index (BMI) was calculated by formula weight in kg / height in m. Based on the BMI criteria the students were classified into six groups:Underweight, normal, overweight, obese class I, obese class II and obese III. The waist circumference (WC) was also taken. The data obtained werestatistically analysed by ANOVA test and the p < 0.5 was considered significant.2Results: The present cross-sectional study showed that there is an association between short sleep duration and obesity which was highly significant(p<0.001). This study also shows that there is an association between short sleep duration and waist circumference which was also highly significant(p<0.001).Conclusion: The present study observed a high association of short sleep duration among medical students of IMS and SUM Hospital and that shortsleep duration was significantly associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity. We should further investigate whether adults adopting ahealthy lifestyle with short sleep duration would improve their sleeping habits or not.Keywords: Sleep duration, Body mass index, Waist circumference, Obesity.

scholarly journals Comparative Study About Youth Body Height by Age Group and BMI at Medical Faculty of UMM

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Anung Putri Ilahika ◽  
Wiby Fahmi Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Faculty ◽  
The Body ◽  
Measurement Results

Growth and development is a continuous process in the process of reaching adulthood, including the teenage stage. The problem that is often faced is physical change. Adolescent physical changes that appear are the increase in height and weight which affects the Body Mass Index (BMI). Height is one of the important things in adolescent growth and development. which is affected by genetic and environmental factors. The peak of growth in adolescents is different between boys and girls, so the pattern of height and BMI are also different. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in adolescent height based on age groups and BMI in Medical Faculty of UMM. This research is a comparative study by taking a sample of 100 medical students of UMM who have an age range of 17-20 years. The data to be taken is height measured using a MIC scale health scale ratio ratio. The measurement results have a numerical scale with units of centimeters (cm). Body mass index (BMI) is an index obtained from the division of body weight with height2. The measurement results are stated in kg / m2. All data obtained will be analyzed using the ANOVA comparative test. ANOVA test results generated p value in the two groups of students> 0.05 which concluded that the mean height of the student body based on age and BMI was not significantly different (not significant) statistically for both men and women. The conclusion from this study there were no differences in adolescent height based on age groups and BMI among medical students of UMM.

scholarly journals Correlation of body mass index with blood pressure: A gender based comparison in medical students.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1958-1964
Author(s):  
Salem Ullah Abro ◽  
Quratulain Saleem ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan ◽  
Erum Aamir ◽  
Saleh Soomro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Overweight Subjects

The Obesity and Hypertension are major risk factors of several life threatening diseases in human body. Objectives: To determine correlation coefficient of Body Mass Index with blood pressure: a gender based comparison in medical students. Study Design: Comparative Cross-sectional study in students. Setting: Physiology department of BMU Karachi. Period: Duration of this study was 6 months from February 2017 to August 2017. Material and Methods: A total of 500 students were enrolled in this study. The anthropometric measurement [height (m2) and weight (kg)] was recorded for calculation of the Body Mass Index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) was measured by using sphygmomanometer with stethoscope. SPSS version 22.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: BMI overall in both genders were significantly (p<0.05) correlated in mean Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) and mean Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP). Underweight and Normal weight were not correlated with both mean SBP and mean DBP in both genders. Overweight subjects were positively correlated with mean DBP in males and mean SBP in females (p<0.05). Obese students were not significantly (p>0.05) correlated with both mean SBP and mean DBP in males whereas, there were not enough observations to draw any meaningful conclusion in females. Conclusion: Overweight subjects were positively correlated (p<0.05) with mean DBP in males and mean SBP in females and overall BMI (mean SBP & mean DBP) in both genders.

scholarly journals ПОЛИМОРФИЗМ ГЕНОВ ДОФАМИНОВОГО ТРАНСПОРТЕРА И ДОФАМИНОВОГО РЕЦЕПТОРА D2 АССОЦИИРОВАН С ОСОБЕННОСТЯМИ ТЕЛОСЛОЖЕНИЯ*

2020 ◽  
pp. 232-248
Author(s):  
Александра Александровна Васильева ◽  
Василий Александрович Васильев ◽  
Марина Анатольевна Негашева
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dopamine D2 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
D2 Receptor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Receptor Gene Polymorphisms

Одним из актуальных междисциплинарных направлений научных исследований является изучение механизмов, лежащих в основе формирования конституции человека. Полиморфизм генов нейромедиаторных систем довольно часто рассматривается в связи с различными аспектами состояния психики человека и особенностями телосложения. Цель исследования – поиск ассоциаций полиморфизма генов дофаминового транспортёра и дофаминового рецептора D2 с особенностями телосложения и функциональными характеристиками сердечно-сосудистой системы. Использованы материалы комплексного антропогенетического обследования 216 юношей и девушек в возрасте 16–23 лет, проведенного в республике Мордовии. Соматометрическая программа включала измерение длины и массы тела, обхватов талии и бёдер, толщины жировых складок на туловище и конечностях (под лопаткой, на плече, предплечье, животе, бедре и голени). Из функциональных показателей сердечно-сосудистой системы измерены систолическое и диастолическое артериальное давление, частота пульса. У всех респондентов собраны образцы буккального эпителия для генотипирования по локусу 3ˊ- UTR VNTR DAT1 дофаминового переносчика и по локусу DRD2/ANKK1 Taq1A (rs1800497) дофаминового рецептора второго типа. С помощью U-критерия Манна-Уитни проведен сравнительный анализ средних значений морфофункциональных показателей в группах носителей различных генотипов исследуемых генов, по результатам которого выявлены достоверно значимые (p<0,05) ассоциации: у девушек, обладающих хотя бы одним аллелем 9 по локусу DAT1 выше значения массы тела и обхвата бедер; у девушек – носителей генотипа C/C по локусу DRD2/ANKK1 Taq1A больше показатели массы тела, индекса массы тела, обхвата талии, жировых складок на животе, плече и бедре, а также выше частота пульса по сравнению с обладательницами других генотипов. Для юношей достоверных различий морфофункциональных признаков у носителей разных генотипов обнаружено не было. Выявленные ассоциации полиморфизма генов DAT1 и DRD2 c морфофункциональными характеристиками, возможно, обусловлены комплексным влиянием генетических факторов на формирование особенностей телосложения в процессе онтогенеза человека. Полученные результаты могут представлять интерес для исследователей, занимающихся изучением генетических основ морфологической конституции, а также могут быть использованы в персонализированной медицине One of the topical interdisciplinary areas of scientific research is the study of the mechanisms underlying the formation of the human constitution. The polymorphism of the neurotransmitter systems genes is quite often considered in connection with various aspects of the human psyche and physique. The aim of the present study is to search for the associations of the dopamine transporter and dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphisms with physique and functional characteristics of the cardiovascular system. The anthropogenetic examination of 216 males and females aged 16-23 years was conducted in the Republic of Mordovia. The body length and weight, the waist and hips circumferences, the skinfolds thickness on the trunk and extremities were measured, while the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate were determined as the functional indicators of the cardiovascular system. All respondents were genotyped at the loci 3ˊ-UTR VNTR DAT1 of the dopamine transporter and DRD2/ANKK1 Taq1A (rs1800497) of the second type dopamine receptor. Significant (p<0.05) associations were found using the Mann-Whitney U-test (a comparative analysis of the average values) of morphofunctional indicators in people with different genotypes of the studied genes. Females with at least one allele 9 at the DAT1 are characterized by higher body weight and waist circumference compared with those with genotype 9-. Female carriers of the C/C genotype at the DRD2/ANKK1 Taq1A demonstrated higher indicators of body mass, body mass index, waist circumference, abdominal, triceps and thigh skinfolds, as well as a higher heart rate compared to other female genotypes. There were no significant differences in morphofunctional characteristics for males. The revealed associations of the polymorphism of the DAT1 and DRD2 with morphofunctional characteristics are probably due to the complex influence of genetic factors on the formation of body features. The results can be used in personalized medicine.

Cardiorespiratory Effects of Weight Reduction by Exercise in Middle-Aged Women with Obesity

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Katoh ◽  
Y Hara ◽  
K Narutaki
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Exercise Period

The cardiorespiratory responses to weight reduction due to physical exercise were examined in fourteen women with obesity, aged 36 to 67 years (Body Mass Index, 32.4 ± 1.4 kg/m2). The patients were instructed to exercise at approximately 60% of maximum oxygen uptake for 2 h every day for approximately 3 months. To evaluate physical strength, a graded cycling exercise test was performed both before and after the exercise period, monitoring gas exchange, ventilation, and heart rate. After the exercise period the body mass index and percentage fat both decreased by 11% and 18%, respectively ( P < 0.001), although lean body mass did not change; maximum oxygen uptake and maximum heart rate did not change significantly, but peak ventilation equivalent, maximum metabolic equivalent and maximum load increased by 12%, 14% and 11%, respectively ( P < 0.05, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Maximum oxygen uptake per unit body weight increased by 5% ( P < 0.001). These results suggest that weight reduction as a result of exercise improves cardiorespiratory function in middle-aged women with obesity.

scholarly journals Association of body mass index with breakfast in medical student.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 509-514
Author(s):  
Saleemullah Abro ◽  
Qurratulain Saleem ◽  
Ahad Ahmar Noor ◽  
Ghulnaz Khalid ◽  
Maham Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Objective: To find out the association body mass index (BMI) with breakfast in medical student of Karachi. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-sectional study. Setting: Public Sector Medical Institutes of Karachi. Periods: 1st January to 31st March 2019. Material & Methods: 382 medical students were enrolled after taking informed consent. Data was collected from included students of this study, having age of 18 to 24 years and all medical students having history of lactose intolerance, anorexia nervosa, and food allergies were excluded from study. Data was collected by self made structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were collected. Body mass index was calculated as weight (Kg)/height (m)2. Collected data was analyzed by using Statistical package for social sciences version 22. Results: The mean age and mean Body mass index of studied samples were 20.83±1.54, and 15.53±3.5 respectively. Most of the participants were females and they belong to underweight category (BMI ≤ 18.5) of body mass index. The participants did breakfast were 81.4% and omit or skip breakfast was 18.6%. The habit of breakfast skippers was mostly in females (85.9%) and in males was 14.1%. The Body mass index (BMI) had as statistically significant (p<0.05) association with breakfast. Conclusion: The majority of medical students were females and habit of skipping breakfast most common in them, so body mass index were <18.5 kg/m2 in them and the Body mass index had as statistically significant (p<0.05) association with breakfast.

scholarly journals Normal Body Mass Index and Heart Rate Variability

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra Kumar Jain ◽  
Ranjan Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Cutoff Points

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) works in synergy with the Endocrine system that affects the body-mass and height and in turn the body mass index (BMI). The ANS activities are often assessed with one index that is heart rate variability (HRV). Reduced HRV has been reported in underweight (low BMI) and overweight (high BMI) individuals, but there is scarce information available on the relationship between normal BMI and HRV. Further, as per WHO expert consultation report, the Asian population has higher percentage of body fat than their European counterparts, therefore Asian people may have greater risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease even below the existing upper edge of normal BMI. Thus it was recommended by WHO to consider the intermediate cutoff points within the normal BMI range as 18.5 Kg/m2, 20 Kg/m2, 23 Kg/m2, and 25 Kg/m2 for the Asian population. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate ANS activity among intermediate cutoff points of normal BMI using HRV. Seventy young individuals participated in the non-invasive and benign study. Subjects were divided into three groups based on their BMI as per the recommendation of the WHO report; NB1 (18.5<BMI≤20), NB2 (20<BMI<23) and NB3 (23<BMI<25). For all the subjects, 10 min of electrocardiogram was recorded and short term HRV analysis was carried out. Student t test was carried out to find the significance of study parameters in BMI groups. The BMI was correlated with HRV measures using Spearman’s correlation method. Statistically significant negative correlation was found between BMI and various HRV parameters. The sympathovagal balance was comparable in NB1 and NB2 group whereas it shifted towards sympathetic dominance in NB3 group. Higher sympathetic activity for BMI greater than 23 in Indian youth may lead to predictability of risks associated with overweight and obesity

scholarly journals Functional Ability of Cardiovascular System in Adolescents / Funkcionalna sposobnost kardiovaskularnog sistema kod adolescenata

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Bošnjak ◽  
Vladimir Jakovljević ◽  
Gorana Tešanović ◽  
Velibor Srdić
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Physical Ability ◽  
Before And After

Testing function of cardiovascular system is measured, the most often, physical ability and functional capacity of transport system or its parts. Many studies have found an association with obesity by reducing functional capacity of cardiovascular system that is correlated with physical ability to work. This research was conducted in order to determine the functional ability of cardiovascular system in adolescents to assess need of their sports activities at this age. The sample consisted of 55 high school students, male, 16 years old (+/- 6 months). For this research, the body mass index is used as a criterion for forming groups of respondents. The functional capacity of cardiovascular system is observed through variables: systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and after load and heart rate before and after load after performing Astrand test of ergometar bicycle. Analysis of functional abilities cardiovascular respondents before and after load, it was noted that in respondents who had a higher body mass index, showed higher values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and after load, as well as higher values of heart rate before and after load. This study confirmed previous numerous studies, stating that increased body mass index leads to harmful effects on cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals A Study of Determinants of Obesity - Is Skipping Breakfast Meal a Risk Factor?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (25) ◽  
pp. 1883-1888
Author(s):  
Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan ◽  
Bhushan Dattatray Kamble ◽  
Raja T.K. ◽  
Fasna Liaquathali ◽  
Ria Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Breakfast Meal ◽  
Medical Undergraduate ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Skipping Breakfast

BACKGROUND Breakfast is an important meal since it refuels the body after long night fasting. Regular intake of breakfast must have favourable supply of both micronutrients and macronutrients to maintain a body mass index (BMI) in the normal range. Despite its importance, the rate of skipping breakfast is observed to be alarmingly increasing among medical students. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to understand the dietary patterns, and physical activity level, and analyse the association of skipping breakfast with obesity among medical students. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 174 medical undergraduate students aged between 18 and 23 years in a tertiary care teaching hospital from August 2019 to October 2019. A pretested, semi-structured, validated, self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the profile, physical activity, food consumption pattern, and perception about the importance of breakfast meal. Regression analysis was done. Odds ratio was calculated. RESULTS About 23.6 % and 27 % of the study participants were found to be overweight and obese respectively. Only 51.1 % of study participants were involved in physical activity. 17.2 % of medical students skipped their breakfast regularly and 71.6 % were aware that skipping breakfast would affect work efficacy and span of concentration. Age group of 22 – 23 years (OR: 19.5, 95 % CI; 2.08, 183.70) was significantly associated with obesity. Skipping breakfast (OR, 0.45, 95 % CI: 0.23, 0.90) was not found to be associated with obesity. CONCLUSIONS Our study found that more than one fourth participants were obese and one third were skipping breakfast daily or more than thrice a week. There was no association between obesity and skipping of breakfast meal. However, the importance of breakfast meal in a day cannot be ignored. Awareness programs to practice healthy eating habits might help in prevention of obesity and overweight among students. KEY WORDS Breakfast, Exercise, Obesity, Body Mass Index, Students, Medical

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