scholarly journals THE WORLD OF IMAGES IN SANTTU KARHU’S POETRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-257
Author(s):  
Natalia Valerievna Chikina
Keyword(s):  
Language Poetry ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Symbolic Images ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
Folk Poetry ◽  
Original Concept

The paper analyzes the works of a well-known poet and rock musician S. Karhu, who writes in the Karelian language. The aim of the study is to highlight the author’s artistic system of images. The following tasks were set for the study: to formulate the poet’s original concept, to scrutinize and comment on the images in Karhu’s lyrics. The object is verses from the first and so far only volume. The subject of the study is the specific ethnic traits of Karhu’s poetry, as seen in the system of images. Literary-historical and comparative methods were used in the analysis. The scientific novelty is in the absence of similar studies on the poet’s works. Systemic analysis of the ethnic sources, the evolution and genre choices of the Karelian language literature associated with the changing artistic consciousness are coming to the foreground in this time of global change, when preserving the people’s cultural heritage is especially important. The poet’s personal background has brought him into the sphere of artistic creativity, enabled him to verbalize the world of ethnic life that had been opened up to him. The article points out some specific features of the world of images, language and culture of the Karelian people. Karelian literature shows a tendency to use folklore heritage. The transformation of folk poetic symbolic images is arguably the most characteristic trait of folklorism in contemporary Karelian-language poetry, where folk poetry symbols tend to be equaled with the image of the native land. Karhu’s philosophical verses increasingly pose and confidently resolve the questions of good and evil, happiness and pain, life and death. It is essential for him that the character retains the folklore origins, for he deems it to be the spiritual source of modernity.

Pilsēta Jāņa Hvoinska dzejā

2021 ◽  
pp. 233-242
Author(s):  
Anda Kuduma
Keyword(s):  
Concept Formation ◽  
Edmund Husserl ◽  
Artistic Style ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
The World ◽  
Depth Dimension ◽  
Symbolic Images ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
The City

The article is dedicated to the evaluation of creative work by poet and translator Jānis Hvoinskis, and it characterises the content and artistic qualities of Hvoinskis’s poetry process. The main focus is on the representation of the phenomenon of the city as an essential and characteristic poetic chronotope segment in Hvoinskis’s poetry. The study aims to identify and assess the characteristic kinds of city concept formation and their importance in building Hvoinskis’s artistic style. The article highlights and evaluates the techniques for designing the artistic structure of the indivisible chronotope in Hvoinskis’s poetry. This view is based on the fundamental principles of phenomenology, i.e., an individual phenomenon (phainómeno) is crucial in the reflection of consciousness, inner temporality, intentionality, intersubjectivity, and lifeworld. In turn, the highlight of poetry subject’s primary condition and existential motifs is logically linked to the main ideas of existentialism in their attitude towards the reason of an individual’s existence, relationships to life and death, freedom of will and choice, determinism. The study’s theoretical and methodological basis includes the ideas of phenomenology theoreticians (Edmund Husserl, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and others) and the theories of existentialism philosophers (Søren Kierkegaard, Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre). Hvoinskis’s poetry allows us to speak about a city as a concept, i.e., as a universal and capacious generalising notion (which includes images, notions, symbols) from which its associative components – poetry themes, motifs, images – derive. Thus, it is possible to speak about the depth dimension of the city phenomenon. The city phenomenon in Hvoinskis’s poetry is the landscape that has been adopted as the centre of the world of the lyric subject in both poetry collections that have come out to date: “Lietus pār kanālu e” (Rain over the Channel e, 2009) and “Mūza no pilsētas N” (Muse from City N, 2019). The depth dimension in Hvoinskis’s poetry appears in the natural synthesis of mythical and real chronotope, associatively impressive and plastic imagery, expressive style kindred to surrealism poetics. The city appears as a modernism project created by the logic of industrialisation, simultaneously revealing a metaphysical dimension where symbolic images as constituents of a myth preserve the memory of wholeness of the world. The emotional atmosphere of Hvoinskis’s poetry is defined by the highly existential atmosphere – despite the harsh indifference created by the city, the sadness of existential loneliness, social distance, and aversion towards life, the poet makes the tragic and ugly strangely appealing without losing the feeling of lightness and hope. The poet’s intense intuition and imagination exhibit the congeniality with the 20th-century French modernists. Hvoinskis’s poetry muse is death, which implies life.

scholarly journals EXTENSION OF THE SEMANTICS OF WORDS RELATING TO THE THEMATIC GROUP ‘PLANT WORLD’ (on the Material of the ‘Lexical Atlas of Russian Folk Dialects’)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Nelli A. Krasovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Extended Sense ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Maps ◽  
The World ◽  
Secondary Meaning ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms ◽  
The Russian Language

This article discusses the semantics of lexical units included in the thematic group ‘Plant World’. For a person with a traditional worldview, nature is the basis for the formation of a system of views, values, for numerous rethinking. The material for analysis in the article is provided not by a lexicographic source but by a linguo-geographical one. A collection of maps of the recently published first issue of The Plant World of the Lexical Atlas of Russian Folk Dialects allows us to make rather interesting observations. Work with the material of semantic maps makes it possible not only to establish changes in the semantics of lexical units but also to find areas that are associated with the use of a word in one or another secondary meaning. In some cases, there were created duplicate maps devoted solely to the functioning of lexical units in extended sense. Systemic analysis of maps makes it possible to identify patterns in the semantic shifts of lexemes denoting facts and phenomena of the world around as the main meaning. There have been revealed semantic shifts of lexemes from the thematic group ‘Plant World’ to the field of subject, locative and anthropomorphic registers. Such examples of the extensive use of words are not unexpected for the Russian language. It should also be emphasized that the analysis of comments and other materials accompanying maps allows us to establish the features of shifts in semantics. It has been determined that a shift to the subject and locative semantic register is mainly associated with metonymy mechanisms, while a shift to the area of the anthropomorphic semantic register – with the metaphorical transfer mechanisms. The author draws conclusions concerning both the use of map materials for analyzing the extension of semantics and the features of secondary nominations in lexemes belonging to the thematic group ‘Plant World’.

scholarly journals Afanasy Afanasyevich Fet as a poet-thinker

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Late Period ◽  
The Real ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
The World ◽  
To Come ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
Critical Reviews

The article proposes to consider the creative individuality of A.A. Fet as a poet-thinker. It places a special emphasis on his ideological views, expressed in his enthusiasm for the teachings of A. Schopenhauer’s and in disputes with L.N. Tolstoy; extensive epistolary material is involved (this correspondence with Ya.P. Polonsky, L.N. and S.A. Tolstoy, N.N. Strakhov, K.R. and others); a brief overview of the critical reviews of contemporaries on the poet’s poetry collections is given. Here, Fet’s philosophical lyrics are analyzed in particular detail (first of all – the late, period of “Evening Lights”, in which there is an understanding of the universal categories of being – life and death, good and evil, the world and man, time and eternity), some parallels are drawn with F.I. Tyutchev. The article traces the development of spiritual and religious issues in the work of Fet’s (gospel stories and motives, the image of the Lord, the genre of prayer, etc.). The article raises the question of expanding the concept of “poet-thinker” taking into account the category “mind of the heart” designated by Fet himself. From these positions, his poem “I am waiting, embraced by anxiety...” from the “Evening Lights” collection is analyzed. Considering Fet’s work as “the poetry of thought” does not cancel, but enriches his airy image in our minds, allows us to present Fet’s personality in more volume, to clarify and expand the idea of the real complexity and versatility of his artistic nature, to come closer to understanding “lyrical insolence” as “the property of great poets” (words of L.N. Tolstoy about A.A. Fet).

scholarly journals Artistic dominant of the image of character of occupational novel

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
Anna Anatolievna Gaganova
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Analysis ◽  
Political Bias ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Periods

The object of this research is the genre of occupational novel. The subject is the image of character of occupational novel. The goal consists in determination of artistic specificity of the image of character in the process of development of the genre. Russian literary works for the period of 1920’s – 1970’s united by the image of a man of labor became the material for this study. The evolution of the image of character is viewed on the sampling of representational works. The conclusions are made that at the stage of formation of the genre of occupational novel (1920’s – 1930’s) dominates the image of the reformer of the world. The next stage (1940’s – 1950’s) marks the character of the defender of reformed world. Then, in the 1960’s, it is followed by the character-rationalizer. The final chronological stage of history of the genre (1970’s) personifies the image of a young hero-seeker, defined by the professional calling in life. The scientific novelty consists in reference to the genre of occupational novel in its entire evolution from the perspective of philological instrumental analysis, while the earlier studies were characterized by political bias. The genre of occupational novel is separated from the literary trends of the XX century, and is divided into historical periods. The article suggests a systemic analysis of the image of character of occupational novel within the framework of evolution of the genre. The author is firs to highlight the key artistic attributes that represent an artistic dominant for the image of character at each stage of development of the genre.

‘A word will set the seed / of life and death’: Robin Robertson’s Protean Lyric

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-158
Author(s):  
Monika Szuba
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Material World ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The World ◽  
Classical Myths ◽  
Human World ◽  
The Subject

The chapter discusses Robin Robertson’s poetry, stretched between the existential and the material, oscillating around edges, junctures and transitions. Focusing on legends and folk tales that are forged in the Scottish landscape, Robertson, for whom the sense of place is ‘absolutely crucial’, combines them with classical myths. The analysis centres around Robertson’s preoccupation with these themes, arguing that the inherent order of the world as evoked in his poems is governed by chaos and change. In various forms of being volatility dominates, occurring in transfigurations of the material world, standing against the claims about the inertness of matter. Vitality connects with epidermal vulnerability revealed in the poems’ frequent focus on metamorphosis. The apprehension of the temporality of the body is captured in Robertson’s enfolding of the subject into the seasonal cycle. The chapter thus investigates the corporeal drive as co-temporal with the rhythms of the non-human world.

scholarly journals Wychowanie do wartości w zmieniającym się świecie

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-172
Author(s):  
Ireneusz M. Świtała
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Professional Lives ◽  
Pedagogical Approach ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Good And Evil

The need for value-oriented upbringing is obvious and necessary, though difficult in the world full of contrasts, conflicts and plurality of worldviews. Upbringing to values is aimed at preparing children and young people to individual, conscious selection and hierarchization of values and being guided by them in all areas of their personal and professional lives. Axiological education helps to gain the ability to distinguish between good and evil, truth and falsehood, selfishness and altruism. A pedagogical approach to values has become the subject of many scientific considerations and discussions among parents and teachers. This article is a review of the relationships between value systems and upbringing.

scholarly journals Freedom and the principles of morality

2003 ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Zagorka Golubovic
Keyword(s):  
Essential Difference ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Given ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
Process Characteristic ◽  
Free Activity

Freedom as an authentic and willed process, characteristic of man as a human rational being, enables the individual to act in accordance with the principles of morality, since the individual can choose between good and evil (between two possibilities), and in this way to get out of the sphere of the given to which the rest of the living world is limited. We should recall the forgotten Marx and his famous text on the essential difference between the animal world and humanity as a genus: "The animal is immediately united with its vital activity. It does not differ from it. It is vital activity. Man makes his own vital activity the subject of his will and consciousness. He has conscious vital activity. This is not a determination with which he merges immediately. Conscious vital activity distinguishes man directly from animal vital activity. It is exactly in this way alone that he is a generic being. Or a conscious being, i.e. his own life is a subject for him precisely because he is a generic being. It is only for this reason that his activity is free activity..." (K. Marx, "Alienation", Early Works). In other words, while animals live just the life of their species and cannot choose anything else, since the choice has been made by the fact of their belonging to a species, man can choose the world in which to live, overcoming in this way the natural givens. Here lies the core of the anthropological explanation of the principle of morality, inconceivable without man's ability to be an authentic free being.

scholarly journals Mythological motives in the fairy tales of M. Vagatova

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
D. D. Bokach
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Holistic Analysis ◽  
Good And Evil

The Khanty writer Maria Kuzminichna Vagatova (Voldina) put into her fairy tales not only moral and ethical guidelines for the younger generation: what is good and evil, the need to respect nature and animals, but also the cultural layer of the indigenous people of the North, which consists of mythological motives. The tales of Maria Vagatova are studied in the national schools of Khanty-Yugra within the framework of the subject Native (Khanty) Literature, due to which students absorb a conscientious appeal to the world around them from childhood, and also study a significant part of Khanty mythology, which has not disappeared under the influence of modernity and forms the outlook of those who still honor the traditions of their ancestors. The relevance of this topic lies in its poor study. When looking for the necessary information, it was noticed that most often when considering the work of Maria Vagatova, researchers turn to her poetry, and not to fairy tales, and mostly in the aspect of comparison with the works of other Khanty writers. This explains the theoretical significance of this article. The practical significance implies the possible use of the analysis of mythological motives in the fairy tales of Maria Vagatova in the educational activities of national schools. The main content of the work is based on the analysis of mythological motives in the fairy tales of Maria Vagatova from the collection Tyoi, Tyoi: Hips-Vips, Hily and Aki Black Heart, Hare and Fox, Khlebushko, Bunny-Black Tail ... To identify these motives, elements of a system-holistic analysis of a work of art and a hermeneutic method were used.

“THE GRAND STILL MIRROR OF ETERNITY”: TEMPORAL DUALISM AND SUBJECTIFICATION IN CARLYLE AND DICKENS

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-106
Author(s):  
Justin Prystash
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
German Literature ◽  
Victorian Culture ◽  
Literature And Philosophy ◽  
Victorian Period ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
The Universe

When Carlyle praises “wondrous Dualism” in Past and Present, he invokes a model for conceptualizing man's role in the world that held widespread, even hegemonic currency in mid-Victorian culture. The centrality of dualist discourse during the mid-Victorian period, thanks in part to Carlyle's translations of German literature and philosophy in the 1830s, cannot be overstated. Carlyle argues that dualism transhistorically frames all human activity: “In wondrous Dualism, then [in the year 1200] as now, lived nations of breathing men; alternating, in all ways, between Light and Dark; between joy and sorrow, between rest and toil” (50; bk. 2, ch. 1). The subject “man” – I use the masculine advisedly – endlessly oscillates between the opposing elements that constitute the universe. This, for Carlyle, is the position of all men. To be heroic, however, one must recognize and negotiate the most wondrous dualism of all, time and eternity: “this Earthly life, and its riches and possessions, and good and evil hap, are not intrinsically a reality at all, but are a shadow of realities eternal, infinite; that this Time-world, as an air-image, fearfully emblematic, plays and flickers in the grand still mirror of Eternity; and man's little Life has Duties that are great, that are alone great, and go up to Heaven and down to Hell” (72; bk. 2, ch. 6). Minor dualisms are subsumed in the opposition between “Time-world” and “Eternity,” and in the “mirror” of the latter, man discerns himself: his ultimate insignificance, yet the greatness of his “Duties.” Carlyle emphasizes that these duties demand the payment of obedience to one's temporal and eternal superiors – heroic ancestors, captains of industry, colonial governors, and God. Only then can heroic men once again be born, like the laboring Hercules or the humble Christ, from temporal-eternal intercourse.

scholarly journals The Soviet person in post-Soviet time. Reflections on the book by V. I. Tolstykh “We Were. The Soviet Person As He Is”

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Andrey Alekseevitch Voronin
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Totalitarian Regime ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Science Theory ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Soviet Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Right

The subject of this article is the evolution of Marxism in our country. Reflecting on the problems articulated by V. I. Tolstykh, the author discusses the professional convention as one of the mechanisms for transforming Marxist doctrine from the theory of revolutionary reform of society into the ideology, which justifies the totalitarian regime. This convention implies the right to misunderstanding and the right to ignorance. The first has two key tasks: 1) isolate the narration from profane interest, and 2) isolate the narration from “theoretical and political mistakes”. Misunderstanding as a latent component of social cognition and fundamental ignorance as limitation of the subject horizon of the theory of the “developed socialism” played a crucial role in metamorphoses of the Marxist thought in Russia. The following conclusions were made: either the philosopher confronts the world as a cognizing subject subordinated only to the interests of cognition, or he subordinates cognition to the interests of the world, primarily social. In the first case, the language must appropriately express what did not exist in mentality, language, and culture prior to it, while in the second case, the language is a means to safely glide over the surface of being, ensuring the faultlessly built theoretical scheme. In this case, philosophy, without explaining the world, gives the recipes for adaptation, survival, apology, and acceptance. The conflict of benefits and principles is resolved by aligning them, so that the theoretician formulates his position as sincerely ministering to the interests (of the party, doctrine, fundamental principles) of power. The author outlines two positions in defending the right to misunderstanding: the first suggest complication of language for preserving the authorial position; the second is the creation of theoretical schemes focused not on the real problems, but own logic. Misunderstanding as one of the strongholds of the thought is bounded up with ignorance. This allowed narrowing down the object horizon of science (theory), excluding the urgent problematic arbitrarily.

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