Studies on suppression of bacterial leaf blight by rice endophytic bacteria under field condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
K Kavitha ◽  
P Nagamani ◽  
P Madhu Sudhan ◽  
K Viswanath ◽  
NP Eswara Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Field Condition ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Zone Formation

A total of 45 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the healthy rice cultivars viz; MTU 1010, BPT 5204 and NLR 34449 cultivated in Nellore and Chittoor districts of Andhra Pradesh. All the isolated endophytic bacterial isolates were evaluated for their antagonistic effect against bacterial leaf blight (BLB) pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by agar well diffusion method. The diameter of inhibition zone formation ranged from 0 mm to 16.8 mm. Among 45 isolates, EMP-5 and EBK-3 isolates showed highest antagonistic effect with inhibition zone of 16.8 mm and 16.6 mm, respectively. Isolate EMP 5 was used for the management of BLB under field condition. Among all the treatments, treatment T5 (i.e., seed treatment with EMP-5 @ 109 cells ml-1 + foliar application of EMP-5 @109 cells ml-1) exhibited highest reduction in disease index (4.92 %), increased plant growth promoting ability with plant height of 80.8 cm, increase in the no. of effective tillers (97.4 %), grain yield (5340 kg ha-1) and straw yield (6013 kg ha-1) over the untreated control. The results strongly emphasize that endophytic bacteria (EMP-5) could be efficiently used for management of bacterial leaf blight.

scholarly journals Screening of Endophytic Bacteria as Biocontrol Agents Against Bacteria Leaf Blight (Xanthomonas oryzae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Rashidah Abd Halim ◽  
Nor'Aishah Hasan ◽  
Kogeethavani Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Different Sources

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is one of major threats in rice production as it can cause 100% yield loss. Concern on the environment and human health has led an attempt to replace existing methods of chemical control and avoid extensive use of bactericides by using endophytic bacteria. The present study was conducted to screen and characterize bacteria isolated from different sources that has potential as antagonistic bacteria against Xanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight of paddy. Two hundred and thirty-three endophytic bacteria were successfully isolated from roots and leaves from paddy field. Only 17 endophytic bacterial isolates showed positive antagonistic activity indicated by inhibition zone around bacterial colony against Xoo on nutrient agar plate with 2 endophytic isolates (BCA 3 and BCA 12) showed highest inhibitory effect with 35±0.00 mm in diameter. Molecular identification by 16S rRNA amplification successfully identified the antagonistic endophytic bacteria as Pseudomonas fluorescensand Geobacillus thermoparaffinivorans. Findings in this study revealed the biocontrol abilities of isolated endophytes as an excellent option to be used by agriculture sectors to have sustainable environment.

Performance of Breeding Lines/Cultivars of Rice Against Bacterial Leaf Blight and Sheath Rot under Field Condition

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-483
Author(s):  
Mosharraf Hossain . ◽  
Shah Md. Munirur Rah . ◽  
K.M. Khalequzzaman . ◽  
Md. Nazrul Islam . ◽  
M. Ashrafuzzaman .
Keyword(s):  
Field Condition ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Sheath Rot

scholarly journals Isolation and Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Bacteria Isolates from Gambir (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
Suryani Ompusunggu ◽  
Dwi Suryanto ◽  
Yurnaliza
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Mueller Hinton ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Paper Disc

A study on isolation and antibacterial activity of endophytic bacteria of gambir (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.), along with its antibacterial extract activity test on clinical pathogenic bacteria has been conducted. Isolation of gambir endophytic bacteria was done in nutrient agar incubated at ambient temperature for 48 hours. Samples of gambir leaves and root was used for source of endophytic bacteria. Bacterial isolate was propagated using Mueller Hinton Agar. Bacterial culture was extracted using methanol as solvent. To test methanol extract activity of bacterial isolates, concentration of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% (v/v) were used in paper disc. Pathogenic bacterial isolates such as Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, and Staphylococcus aureus were used for antibacterial test. Inhibition zone formed around paper disc indicated antibacterial extract activity against the bacteria. Endophytic bacterial isolates of gambirwas identified using Vitek Compact 2.0® based on biochemical test. Isolates SO02 and SO03 showed relatively higher antibacterial activity, with inhibition zone of 17 and 30 mm, respectively. Methanol extract of SO02 showed to have higher activity of >10 mm at 100% of extract concentration, compared to that of SO03 which only showed <10 mm) against E. coli.High inhibition against S.mutans and S.aureus was obtained at of 60%. Chemical identification found that methanol extract of SO02 and SO03 showed to have flavonoid and tanning group. Bacterial identification showed that SO02 and SO03 were closely related to Enterobacter cloacae and Gemella morbillorum with similarity of 98 and 86%, respectively. However, accurate species of these two isolates should be determined

scholarly journals KETAHANAN BEBERAPA GENOTIPE PADI TERHADAP PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI (XANTHOMONAS ORYZAE PV. ORYZAE)

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wira Hadianto ◽  
Lukman Hakim ◽  
Bakhtiar .
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Resistance Reaction ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Screen House

The resistance rice genotypes against bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae). The research was conducted to analyze genotypes of rice that were resistant to bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease. The experiment was conducted at the screen house of Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh from February to October 2014. This experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with 73 treatments and 3 replications. IR-BB27 and IR-64 were used as control of resistant and susceptible varieties to BLB, respectively. The result showed that the bacterial isolates tested were virulent. The longest incubation period found in Limboto, Inpari 10, Situ Patenggang, Sirendeh Semantuk Wayla, Tamboen, Sepasie, Bontok and Arias. Genotypes Inpari 1, Limboto, Tuwoti, Inpari 10, Lekat Rambot Linuet, Rom Mokot, Paki Gajah, Tamboen, Bo 100, Sipasie, Bo Minyek, Bontok, Sirendeh Semantuk Wayla and Sambei showed resistance reaction to bacterial leaf blight disease.

scholarly journals The Antifungal Effect of WHO Hand Sanitizer to Candida Albicans in Improving Personal Hygiene

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Dyah Widiastuti ◽  
Ihda Zuyina Zuyina Ratna Sari ◽  
Isya Fikria Kalimah ◽  
Endang Setiani
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
World Health ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Fungal Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Fungal

Hand hygiene is one of the important factors that determine a person's health status. Hands are easily contaminated by microbes from the environment such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi through direct contact. Hand sanitizer is a type of media that can be used to clean hands from disease-causing microbes other than soap. Hand sanitizers are widely used by the community because they are considered more practical to use. This study aims to determine the anti-fungal activity of the hand sanitizer recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) against Candida albicans. Anti-fungal activity was tested using the well diffusion method. The results showed that the higher the concentration of the hand sanitizer, the bigger the inhibition zone formed. The statistical test results obtained a significance value of p <0.05 at the variation of the concentration of hand sanitizer 50%, 75%, 100%, and treatment control. These results indicate that there is a significant difference between the hand sanitizer treatment and control of the inhibition zone formation in C. albicans. The WHO recommended hand sanitizer has medium inhibitory power against C. albicans bacteria.

scholarly journals Aktivitas antibakteri isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan (Centella asiatica) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Sembodho Edi Kurniawan ◽  
Mahyarudin Mahyarudin ◽  
Ambar Rialita
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Antibacterial Compounds ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

ABSTRAKAncaman global pada kasus Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) membutuhkan alternatif penanganan dengan tanaman obat tradisional. Bakteri endofit pada tanaman pegagan (Centella asiatica) memiliki kemampuan menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder bersifat antibakteri yang serupa dengan tanaman inangnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan (C. asiatica) terhadap S. aureus. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif yaitu isolat bakteri endofit daun pegagan (C. asiatica) diujikan dengan metode difusi cakram terhadap S. aureus. Isolat yang paling berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan uji metabolit untuk mengetahui senyawa antibakteri yang dihasilkan. Identifikasi bakteri endofit berdasarkan morfologi koloni, morfologi sel, dan uji biokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 2 dari 37 isolat memiliki aktivitas terhadap S. aureus  dengan zona hambat sebesar 9,02 mm dan 15,9 mm. Isolat yang paling berpotensi memiliki aktivitas tertinggi yaitu isolat I2 dengan zona hambat sebesar 15,9 mm. Isolat I2 memiliki kemiripan dengan genus Bacillus dan kemampuan mengasilkan senyawa antibakteri seperti alkaloid, saponin dan terpenoid.  Kata kunci: antibakteri; bakteri endofit; Centella asiatica; Staphylococcus aureus   ABSTRACTAntibacterial activity of endophytic bacteria isolate from pegagan leaves (Centella asiatica) against Staphylococcus aureusThe global threat in the case of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) requires alternative treatment using traditional medicinal plants. Endophytic bacteria found in Pegagan plants (Centella asiatica) have ability to produce secondary metabolites with antibacterial capabilities similar to their host plants. The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial activity of endophytic bacterial isolates of Pegagan (C. asiatica) against S. aureus. This study is a descriptive research where endophytic bacterial isolates of Pegagan leaves (C. asiatica) were tested with disk diffusion method against S. aureus. The most potential isolates with antibacterial activity were performed metabolites test to determine the antibacterial compounds produced. Endophytic bacteria identification based on colony morphology, cell morphology and biochemical tests. The results showed that 2 out of 37 isolates had activity against S. aureus with inhibition zone of 9,02 mm and 15.9 mm. The most potential isolate that has highest activity was I2 isolate with inhibition zone of 15.9 mm. Isolate I2 has similarities with the genus Bacillus and the ability to produce antibacterial compounds such as alkaloids, saponins and terpenoids. Key words: antibacterial; Centella asiatica; endophytic bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ENZIM PEROKSIDASE BAWANG MERAH YANG DIINTRODUKSI DENGAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT DAN TAHAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI (XANTHOMONAS AXONOPODIS PV. ALLII)

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Zurai Resti ◽  
Trimurti Habazar ◽  
Deddi Prima Putra ◽  
Nasrum .
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Defense Enzyme ◽  
Peroxidase Enzyme ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Important Disease

Peroxidase enzyme activity of the introduced shallots with endophytic bacteria and resistant to bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii). Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii is an important disease in shallots. We have earned six isolates of endophytic bacteria, which have the ability to induce systemically resistance to shallots. One mechanism in induce resistance in plants is a change in the plant defense enzyme activity such as peroxidase. The purpose of this study was to calculate the peroxidase enzyme activity of shallots crop is being introduced with endophytic bacteria and is able to induce resistance to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii. This research was conducted by introducing six isolates of endophytic bacteria on shallot bulbs and planted in greenhouse. Shallots crop that was 14 days old then inoculated with the bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii and incubated until symptoms appear. Peroxidase enzyme activity was calculated on the roots and leaves of shallots are 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, and 30 days after inoculation (dai). The results showed an increase in the peroxidase enzyme activity of shallots crop is being introduced by endophytic bacteria compared to the control. Isolates ULG1E2 (Serratia marcescens PPM4) was isolate with the highest peroxidase enzyme activity both in the roots and leaves are 0,051 ìm/ ml.

scholarly journals SKRINING DAN IDENTIFIKASI ISOLAT BAKTERI ENDOFIT UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI PADA BAWANG MERAH

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-178
Author(s):  
Zurai Resti ◽  
Trimurti Habazar ◽  
Deddi Prima Putra ◽  
Nasrun Nasrun
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
In Planta ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Blight Disease

Screening and identification of endophytic bacteria to control bacterial leaf blight disease on Shallot. The experiment was conducted in Laboratory and Green House, from January to June 2012.   Laboratory experiment consisted of three steps:  (1) isolation of endophytic bacteria from healthy onion roots, (2)In planta /screening of endophytic isolates capable of reducing bacterial leaf blight disease, and (3) molecular identification of potential endophytic isolates.  Treatments of  in planta test were arranged in Completely Randomized Design.  Collected isolates were tested for their capability in controlling bacterial leaf blight disease on shallot.  The variables observed were disease incidence, disease severity, and shallot yield. The results showed that out of 82 isolates successfully isolated, 56 isolates (68.29%) were Gram positive, and 26 isolate (31.71%) were Gram negative. All isolates were HR negative and pathogenicity negative. Six endophytic isolates showed  better performance in inducing resistance and increasing onion yield. Based on 16S rRNA sequence the six isolates were  Bacillus cereus strain P14 , Bacillus cereus strain Se07, Bacillus sp H1, Bacillus sp SJ1 and Serratia marcescens strain PPM4.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BACILLUS ISOLATED FROM SHALLOT ROOT AS BIOCONTROL OF BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT DISEASE

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Zurai Resti ◽  
Trimurti Habazar ◽  
Deddi Prima Putra ◽  
Nasrun .
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Blight Disease

Characterization of Endophytic Bacillus Isolated from Shallot Root as Biocontrol of Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease. Endophytic Bacillus isolated from the roots of healthy shallots has potential as biological control agent of bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease. Based on the in planta screening, four endophytic bacteria that capable of controlling BLB diseases from the group of Bacillus were obtained, such as Bacillus cereus P14, Bacillus cereus Se07, Bacillus sp. HI, and Bacillus sp. SJI. The aims of this study were to investigate the characteristics of endophytic Bacillus that capable of controlling BLB disease and to determine the characteristic that most responsible in the disease control. This study method was descriptive. The characteristics observed were production of antibiotics by paper disc method, production of salicylic acid by capillary electrophoresis, and root colonization by in planta method. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the characteristic most responsible in the disease control. The results showed that four endophytic Bacillus were capable of producing salicylic acid and colonizing the root, and three of them were also capable of producing antibiotic. Salicylic acid production varied ranging from 13.96 to 14.72 ppm mL-1. Three endophytic Bacillus were capable of producing antibiotic with inhibition zone of 16.25 to 20.25 mm. Endophytic Bacillus was able to colonize the shallot roots with a population of bacteria ranged from 3.20 × 105-6, 20 × 105 CFU g-1 root. Based on the correlation coefficient of linear regression analysis, the root colonization of endophytic bacteria played the role in decreasing BLB disease.

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