Eliciting Idiom Retention through Alliteration in a Classroom Activity

Alliteration comes up as one of the efforts that follow the notion of linguistic motivation in creating language retention and memorization to learners. Idiom is one of the language phenomena where alliteration takes place as part of its non-arbitrariness principle. The claim underlying the effectiveness of alliteration in aiding language retention in idiom is tried to be applied in some classroom activities which may consist of pre, whilst, and post-teaching. All the activities in the teaching session are arranged to be integrated with idiom learning using alliteration. Learners' ability to recall idioms containing aliteration will also be tested in the provided exercises. The success of the expected retention on learners will be measured from the result gained from the activity divided simply into three phases, pre-teaching, whilst-teaching, and post-teaching where it will be conducted for approximately 90 minutes. As some deviations possibly made can influence the result, the teacher should figure out some considerations affecting the effectiveness of the lesson given. Reflection phase should be conducted maximally, so that learners’ response is really fruitful that it can be known whether they are engaged with the activity and gain the material well. In the first activity, they work semi-independently, so that the assessment is expected to be more objective, covering the combination of group and individual work.

"Has anyone seen my ancestral language?" Italian linguistic suicide and the transmission of the Italian language in Canada, 1935-1947

Very little research, if any at all, has been conducted on the ancestral language retention of Italian-Canadians during World War Two. The aim of this research study was to compile a body of literature that would begin to support the notion that World War Two Italophobic policies inflicted by the Canadian government on the Italian-Canadian community could have negatively affected the intergenerational transmission of the Italian language in Canada, 1935-1947. In order to introduce the topic, a 'boxed-in' literature review was conducted by compiling research on Italian-Canadians during the war that spanned many topics. By grouping the material into specific themes, a structure for Italian lingusitic suicide began to emerge. Two sections on theoretical perspectives and oral histories precede an analysis of three interviews conducted in the Greater Toronto area that serve to bring reality and correlational evidence to the literature review.

"Has anyone seen my ancestral language?" Italian linguistic suicide and the transmission of the Italian language in Canada, 1935-1947

Very little research, if any at all, has been conducted on the ancestral language retention of Italian-Canadians during World War Two. The aim of this research study was to compile a body of literature that would begin to support the notion that World War Two Italophobic policies inflicted by the Canadian government on the Italian-Canadian community could have negatively affected the intergenerational transmission of the Italian language in Canada, 1935-1947. In order to introduce the topic, a 'boxed-in' literature review was conducted by compiling research on Italian-Canadians during the war that spanned many topics. By grouping the material into specific themes, a structure for Italian lingusitic suicide began to emerge. Two sections on theoretical perspectives and oral histories precede an analysis of three interviews conducted in the Greater Toronto area that serve to bring reality and correlational evidence to the literature review.

The perceptions of five urban early childhood educators on the needs of young English language learners in child care centres : best practices in the field

This study investigated the perceptions of Early Childhood Educators on the needs of English language learners in childcare centres in Toronto, Canada. A modified grounded theory methodology was utilized in the study. Interviews were held with 5 Early Childhood Educators; these interviews were transcribed and coded. 5 themes arose from this qualitative analysis: sensitivity, communication, school readiness, home language retention and socialization. Results indicate that ECEs perceived that English language learners thrive in a caring environment with staff that will guide and support them in language learning, and where the use of their first language is encouraged and used to build the skills in the second language. Recommendations include ensuring the presence of staff that have a first language match with the English language learners, and can speak the same language with the children.

The perceptions of five urban early childhood educators on the needs of young English language learners in child care centres : best practices in the field

This study investigated the perceptions of Early Childhood Educators on the needs of English language learners in childcare centres in Toronto, Canada. A modified grounded theory methodology was utilized in the study. Interviews were held with 5 Early Childhood Educators; these interviews were transcribed and coded. 5 themes arose from this qualitative analysis: sensitivity, communication, school readiness, home language retention and socialization. Results indicate that ECEs perceived that English language learners thrive in a caring environment with staff that will guide and support them in language learning, and where the use of their first language is encouraged and used to build the skills in the second language. Recommendations include ensuring the presence of staff that have a first language match with the English language learners, and can speak the same language with the children.

The Effect of the Parenting Circles Program on Home Language Retention and Parental Engagement: The Case of a Spanish-Speaking Parent Group in Toronto

The Effect of the Parenting Circles Program on Home Language Retention and Parental Engagement: The Case of a Spanish-Speaking Parent Group in Toronto

The Effect of the Parenting Circles Program on Home Language Retention and Parental Engagement: The Case of a Spanish-Speaking Parent Group in Toronto

The Effect of the Parenting Circles Program on Home Language Retention and Parental Engagement: The Case of a Spanish-Speaking Parent Group in Toronto

Vergangene Versprechen der Ersten Republik: Der Zusammenhang sozialer und gleicher Rechte von Minderheiten am Beispiel Kärnten/ Koroška

After the First World War, states disintegrated in Europe, and in some regions, questions arose about the demarcation of borders. This was also the case in the then mainly Slovenian-speaking part of Carinthia in southern Austria. In October 1920, a vote was taken on state affiliation. The decisive factor was the political system of the so-named First Republic and the associated promises of social and equal rights as well as economic factors. A hundred years later, it becomes clear, that not all promises have been kept. It encourages reflection on how the rights of minorities can be incorporated into democracies. The present article, with a focus on the minutes of the provisional Carinthian federal-state assembly and the Carinthian provincial government, examines how participation, social rights, and the relationship between minority and majority, have found their way into a momentous political decision. It becomes clear how social issues and the possibility of language retention are an intertwined part of the regional history of Carinthia. Subsequently, the dependence of minority rights on the willingness of hegemonic groups to implement them can be discussed.

MAINTENANCE OF JAVANESE JONEGOROAN LANGUAGE IN BOJONEGORO STUDENTS IN BRAWIJAYA UNIVERSITY, MALANG

Javanese of East Java dialect has several subdialects, one of which is the Jonegoroan subdialect. Jonegoroan Javanese Language (BJJ) is still spoken by a group of Bojonegoro students in the University of Brawijaya Malang in their daily communication. This study aims to 1) interpret language cases; 2) variation patterns, and 3) reveal the reason for the use of BJJ by Bojonegoro students in UB Malang. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data collection uses observation, interview, recording, and listening techniques. Data analysis in this study used a sociolinguistic approach with several theories, including the theory of language retention and the theory of word change. The results of this study are 1) cases of linguistics that often arise in speech use are apheresis; 2) BJJ variation patterns include forms of suffix changes and several other terms that are distinguishing or indicating BJJ identity toward Javanese in other regions; and 3) the reasons for saying BJJ is expression of regional spirit, compulsion, bonding solidarity, ethnic existence, ease of communication, habits, pride, awareness of norms, and language loyalty.

PEMILIHAN DAN PEMERTAHANAN BAHASA JAWA PADA KAUM PEREMPUAN PESISIR REMBANG

Pada masyarakat Jawa, pemilihan sebuah kode (bahasa/ragam) ditentukan oleh banyak faktor, misalnya: usia, jenis kelamin, derajat sosial, pangkat, tempat, diksi, dan ragam. Penelitian bertujuan menggali pemilihan dan pemertahanan bahasa Jawa oleh kaum perempuan pesisir di Rembang. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel Kecamatan Sulang, Desa Karangharjo Rembang untuk mewakili Rembang desa. Yang kedua Kecamatan Rembang Desa Leteh untuk mewakili Rembang kota dengan 79 responden dan 7 informan.Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui angket dan wawancara terstruktur dan mendalam. Data dianalsis secara kuantitatif untuk data yang diambil melalui angket dan kualitatif untuk data yang diperoleh dari wawncara. Hasilnya, (1) pemertahanan bahasa Jawa untuk masyarakat, khususnya perempuan Rembang bahasa Jawa (ngoko) cukup kuat (antara 48% sampai dengan 60%), (2) bahasa Indonesia sudah mulai masuk pada ranah rumah, (3) masyarakat Rembang tergolong masyarakat diglosik, (3) pada masyarakat Remang (khususnya kaum perempuannya) sedang terjadi pergeseran bahasa dari bahasa Jawa ke bahasa Indonesia, (4) jika bahasa Jawa ragam krama identik dengan kesantunan, maka masyarakat/kaum perempuan Rembang desa dinilai lebih santun daripada masayarakat Rembang kota. Adapun pola pemertahanan dilakukan melalui (a) pengguunaan bahasa sehari-hari di rumah meski sebagian besar menggunakan bahasa Jawa ragam ngoko, (b) melalui jalur pendidikan, (c) melalui jalur seni/budaya, (d) dan jalur keteladanan tokoh masyarakat, serta (e) dukungan pemerintah setempat melalui berbagai lomba tahunan.Kata kunci: pemilihan bahasa, pemertahanan bahasa, bahasa Jawa, pola pemertahanan bahasa Jawa. THE SELECTION AND RETENTION OF JAVANESEBY COASTAL WOMEN IN REMBANG Abstract In Javanese society, the choice of a code (language / variety) is determined by many factors, for example: age, gender, social status, rank, place, diction, and variety. This research aims to explore the selection and retention of Javanese by coastal women in Rembang. This study took a sample of Sulang Subdistrict, Karangharjo Rembang Village to represent Rembang village. The second is Rembang Subdistrict Leteh Village to represent Rembang City with 79 respondents and 7 informants. Data collection was carried out through structured and in-depth questionnaires and interviews. Data are analyzed quantitatively for data taken through questionnaires and qualitatively for data obtained from interviews. As a result, (1) the retention of Javanese for the community, especially Javanese (Ngoko) women is quite strong (between 48% and 60%), (2) Indonesian has begun to enter the realm of houses, (3) the Rembang community belongs to the diglosik community, (3) in the Rembang community (especially women) there is a shift in language from Javanese to Indonesian, (4) if Javanese is diverse in etiquette with politeness, then the community / women of Rembang desa are considered to be more polite than the people of Rembang City . The pattern of detention is carried out through (a) the use of everyday language at home, although most use the Javanese variety of ngoko, (b) through education, (c) through art / culture, (d) and exemplary community leaders, and (e) local government support through various annual competitions.Keyword: language selection, language retention, Javanese language, Javanese language retention patterns.