scholarly journals The Effects of Ozone Exposure on Aged Soybean Seeds Stored in Different Packaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Indrie Ambarsari ◽  
Intan Gilang Cempaka ◽  
Sigit Budi Santoso ◽  
Munir Eti Wulanjari ◽  
Muhammad Nur
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Aged Seeds

This article describes an idea about improving the aged soybean seed quality through ozone application based on the consideration that the ozone's oxidative and reactive nature could preserve agriculture commodities during storage. Using soybean seeds that were naturally aged in room temperature storage (25±5°C) for two months, gaseous ozone's efficacy in rejuvenating the aged seeds was examined. The aged seeds were divided into three different packages: open container, polypropylene woven sack, and vacuum polyethylene plastic. Gaseous ozone at a capacity of 150 g/h was continuously exposed on packaged seeds during six months of storage under low temperature (18±5°C). The authors found that ozone in specific limit exposure could improve physiological characteristics and inhibit some chemical properties deterioration of aged soybean seeds during storage. Our technique allows for improvement in germination percentage and germination rate of aged seeds in the fourth month of ozone exposure (p<0.05). However, these physiological parameters decreased significantly in the sixth month of ozone exposure, signing that prolonged ozone exposure would lead to adverse effects due to excessive oxidation. The result also showed that ozone storage significantly retard the elevation of moisture and free fatty acid content of aged soybean seeds. The ozone effectiveness evaluation is confirmed in all packaging conditions, but the vacuum packaging offered better preservation on almost entirely seed quality parameters during storage, except for protein. This research result provides a promising technique to restore aged seed quality and can be used for better seed provision in the seed industry.

scholarly journals Muskmelon seed priming in relation to seed vigor

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warley Marcos Nascimento ◽  
Fernando Antônio Souza de Aragão
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Cucumis Melo L ◽  
Aged Seeds

A number of important factors may affect seed priming response, including seed quality. Effects of seed vigor on seed priming response were investigated using seed lots of two muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars. Seeds of muskmelon, cvs. Mission and Top Net SR were artificially aged at 43°C for 0, 20 and 40 hours. Seeds were primed for six days in darkness at 25°C in KNO3 (0.35 mol L-1) aerated solution. Aged seeds germinated poorly at 17°C. Priming increased germination rate at 17 and 25°C and germination percentage at 17°C. An interaction effect on germination performance between vigor and priming was observed, especially at low temperature. Priming increased germination performance in seeds of low vigor, and the response was cultivar dependent.

Short-term aerated hydration for the improvement of seed quality in Brassica oleracea L

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Thornton ◽  
A. A. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Controlled Deterioration ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Aged Seeds

AbstractSeeds of the Brussels sprouts cultivar Asmer Aries and the cauliflower cultivar Hipop were subjected to ageing at 20% moisture content and 45°C for 24 or 30 h, respectively; all seeds retained high germination after ageing. Aerated hydration of unaged and aged seeds of both cultivars for 4–8 h at a range of temperatures (10–30°C), followed by drying, resulted in improved performance, except that germination percentage and rate of cauliflower were lower at 10°C. Thus, all treated seeds showed greater germination rate and seedling root length than the control, which may have resulted from the advancement of the process of germination. The deleterious effect of aerated hydration at 10°C on cauliflower could be explained by damage due to rapid imbibition; seeds that had imbibed slowly to close to full imbibition (41% moisture content) before aerated hydration showed no decrease in germination. The improvement of aged seeds after aerated hydration was also revealed by higher germination after the controlled-deterioration test, which indicated less deterioration in treated seeds. Furthermore, the optimum improvements for all seeds were observed at 25°C and were greater when the water was aerated than non-aerated. These observations indicate the activation of metabolic repair processes during aerated hydration, leading to a reversal of the deterioration sustained during ageing.

scholarly journals High gamma irradiation doses and long storage times reduce soybean seed quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Danúbia Aparecida Costa Nobre ◽  
Carlos Sigueyuki Sediyama ◽  
Valter Arthur ◽  
Newton Deniz Piovesan ◽  
Alisson Santos Lopes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
Long Storage

High quality seeds are required for soybean production. This study evaluated the effect of gamma irradiation and storage time on seed quality in soybean lines VX04-6828 and VX04-5692. Seeds were gamma irradiated (60Co) with 0, 50, 150, and 250 Gy. After the first seed production cycle (M1), the harvested seeds were stored in the laboratory for 0, 2, 4, and 6 months. Moisture content, seed quality (germination rate, dead seeds, and normal and abnormal seedlings), and seed vigor (first germination count, germination index, and seedling length) were determined. Data were submitted to analysis of variance for each soybean line using a 4 x 4 factorial design (four storage times x four gamma irradiation doses). Response surfaces were constructed based on the F test significance (p ? 0.05). VX04-5692 seeds were more sensitive to gamma radiation than were VX04-6828 seeds. Soybean seed quality was highest in M2 seeds derived from seeds irradiated with less than 100 Gy and stored for up to two months. High gamma irradiation doses and long storage times reduced soybean seed quality.

scholarly journals Adhesion of uredospores of Phakopsora pachyrhizi on soybean seeds and their viability during storage

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
Elisandra Batista Zambenedetti Magnani ◽  
Elisabeth Aparecida Furtado de Mendonça ◽  
Maria Cristina de Figueiredo e Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Production Areas

To study adhesion and viability of uredospores of the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi on soybean seeds during storage, suspension tests of those uredospores were carried out by washing seeds at each 30 days interval. Furthermore, germination and inoculation tests of uredospores on soybean plants were performed with uredospores collected from seeds of two soybean production areas, located in the municipalities "Chapada dos Guimarães" and "Tangará da Serra", State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. High levels of uredospores infestation were detected before storage [249.31 and 85.18 uredospores/100 seeds (U/100)] on seeds collected in both localities, respectively. After 30 days storage, these figures were 46.12 and 122.5 U/100; at 60 days were 14.62 and 26.62 U/100; and at 90 days were only 2.87 and 3,68 U/100, respectively; dropping to zero after 120 days storage. The percentage of germinated uredospores decreased with increasing storage periods and at 120 days germination percentage was nil. When uredospores were inoculated on soybean plants, rust symptoms were only observed for uredospores collected from freshly harvested seeds. Uredospores associated to soybean seed germinate until 90 days after storage, but are not viable after this time span. Infection of plants only occurs with inoculation of uredospores obtained from freshly harvested seeds.

scholarly journals Electrical conductivity test in the evaluation of the physiological potential of treated and stored soybean seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 3135-3148
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Silva Couto ◽  
◽  
Cristian Rafael Brzezinski ◽  
Julia Abati ◽  
Ronan Carlos Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

Soybean seed treatment contributes to the maintenance of seed quality, but the effect of commercial formulations and chemical products on the effectiveness of the electrical conductivity test based on electrolyte leaching has been frequently questioned. This study aimed to verify the interference of the chemical seed treatment of two soybean cultivars on the effectiveness of the electrical conductivity test in evaluating the vigor of freshly treated and stored seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of seven seed treatments and two evaluation periods (0 and 60 days after storage), with four replications. The used seed treatments consisted of 1) fipronil + pyraclostrobin + thiophanate-methyl, 2) imidacloprid + thiodicarb + carbendazim + thiram, 3) abamectin + thiamethoxan + fludioxonil + mefenoxam + thiabendazole, 4) carbendazim + thiram, 5) fludioxonil + mefenoxam + thiabendazole, 6) carboxin + thiram, and 7) control (no treatment). The cultivars were BRS 360 RR and BRS 284, which were analyzed separately. Germination, accelerated aging, emergence, and electrical conductivity tests were carried out. No differences were detected between the control and chemical treatments performed on seeds of the two freshly treated soybean cultivars regarding germination, accelerated aging, and emergence tests. The germination test stood out after storage with the cultivar BRS 360 RR, showing the maintenance of germination potential for seeds treated with carbendazim + thiram and the control treatment. Therefore, the chemical treatment of soybean seeds interferes with the result of the electrical conductivity test. The electrical conductivity test is effective in segregating seed lots in terms of vigor level. The electrical conductivity test correlates with the other vigor tests used to identify the reduction in the physiological seed quality with storage.

scholarly journals First Report of Sclerotium Production by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Soil on Infected Soybean Seeds

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. B. Yang ◽  
F. Workneh ◽  
P. Lundeen
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Sclerotium Production

Stem rot of soybean caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary was not recognized as an important problem in the North Central Region of the United States until severe outbreaks occurred in 1992, 1994, and 1996 (2). Although sclerotia mixed with seeds are known to be important to the spread of this disease, the role of internally infested soybean seed in dissemination of the disease is unknown. Tu (1) demonstrated in dry bean, which differs from soybean in seed size and plant architecture, that internally infected seeds are important to the spread of the disease, by producing sclerotia in the soil after the seeds are planted. Experiments were conducted to determine if sclerotia are formed in soils from internally infected soybean seeds. Soybean seed from a field with 70% disease severity were collected and sorted into three classes: (i) normal quality seed, which included moderate or good seed; (ii) poor quality seed (shriveled and/or whitish); and (iii) seed of regular size with visible mycelial mats (S. sclerotiorum or Peronospora manshurica (Naumov) Syd. in Gäum) on the seed coat. Transfer of surface-disinfested seeds to potato dextrose agar and subsequent production of sclerotia showed that 2, 44, and 6% of the seed from each respective class were infested with S. sclerotiorum. One hundred seeds from each of these classes were planted into sterilized and nonsterilized soil at a rate of 5 seeds per pot. Toothpicks were placed to identify the location of each seed, and seeds were covered with 2 cm of soil. Pots were placed in growth chambers with a 14-h photoperiod under two temperature regimes: (i) at 20°C; and (ii) at 10°C for 10 days and then raised to 20°C. Soil was kept saturated by periodically top watering the pots for the first 10 days and bottom watering after that. Two weeks after planting, seeds were examined for formation of sclerotia and the percentages of seeds from which sclerotia were formed were calculated. The experiments were conducted four times. One to two (occasionally three) sclerotia were found in place of each seed that did not germinate. Sclerotia were mainly found from seeds of poor quality, with an average of 12% seeds that produced sclerotia. The frequency of sclerotia found in normal quality seeds was 0.4%, and no sclerotia were found from seeds with mycelial mats. The sclerotia were 2.36 ± 1.07 mm in width, 3.33 ± 1.11 mm in length, and 6.8 ± 3.7 mg in weight, with an averaged germination rate of 88% 8 months after production. Sclerotia production frequencies were 11.4 and 15.4% for temperature regimes (i) and (ii), respectively. Higher percentages of sclerotium production were found in sterilized soil (15.6%) than nonsterilized soil (7.5%). Our results indicate the possibility of internally infected soybean seeds as a means for field-to-field dissemination of S. sclerotiorum. References: (1) J. C. Tu. J. Phytopathol. 121:40, 1988. (2) X. B. Yang. ICM Newsl. 18, 1997.

scholarly journals Harvest delay, storage and physiological quality of soybean seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 506-513
Author(s):  
Rafael Vergara ◽  
Raimunda Nonata Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Arieli Paula Nadal ◽  
Gizele Ingrid Gadotti ◽  
Tiago Zanatta Aumonde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Harvest Delay

Abstract: Soybean is one of the leading commodities in Brazilian agribusiness. Its cultivation is widespread in different seed-producing regions of the country, where it generates income and local development. In this context, the soybean seed is a fundamental input, as its quality strongly influences the success of the crop. However, the period after the achievement of physiological maturity is critical for the maintenance of seed quality. For that reason, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of harvest delay on both the initial and final qualities of soybean seeds. The research consisted of four harvest times, in which the initial quality was assessed through tests of first germination count, germination, accelerated aging and tetrazolium. After 120 days of storage, the germination and accelerated aging tests were once again conducted. The experiment complied with a completely randomized block design with eight replications. The rainfall was monitored during the pre-harvest phase. All variables experienced negative impacts due to the delay in harvesting. Also, the seeds suffered more damage as the delay progressed, and the variables germination and seed vigor decreased after the storage period.

scholarly journals How long can primed soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds be stored in natron paper bags?

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (52) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Zlatica Mamlić ◽  
Ivana Maksimović ◽  
Jovan Crnobarac ◽  
Vuk Đorđević ◽  
Marina Delić-Putnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Free Proline ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Proline Concentration

Priming of legume seeds before sowing was performed by Roman farmers in order to increase the germination rate and synchronize germination, as reported by the Roman naturalist Gaius Plinius Secundus. Several centuries later, this technique is still used for a wide range of species. However, in order for this measure to be used successfully in production, it is necessary to find a solution for the successful storage of primed seeds. The storage potential of primed soybean seeds was determined by a temperature of 25 °C during the period of 90 days. Soybean seeds were primed with KNO3 (1%), AsA (100 mg L-1) and KCl (1%) solutions, and then stored in natron paper bags, and their quality was tested every 15 days. The results showed that a reduction in the quality of primed seeds was considerably faster than in non-primed seeds. Primed soybean seeds were successfully stored at a temperature of 25 °C for 60 days after priming, and then a significant reduction in their quality occurred. One of the causes of seed quality reduction was an increase in MDA content, especially after 75 and 90 days of storage. Also, free proline concentration was reduced while the content of vitamin C increased after 15 days primarily in seeds primed in AsA and KCl solutions, and decreased after 45 days.

scholarly journals Soybean Industrial Seed Treatment: Effect on Physiological Quality During Storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 468
Author(s):  
C. R. Bork ◽  
A. S. Almeida ◽  
C. S. Castellano ◽  
G. Zimmer ◽  
T. D. Avila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Spray Volume

The aim of this study was to analyze soybean seed physiological quality after being subjected to various mixtures of pesticides via industrial seed treatment. The experiment was performed at the seed laboratory of the company BioGrow, located at São Paulo-SP, using soybean seeds cultivar NS 6700 IPRO which were subjected to 11 different treatments. Seed treatment was carried out using a treater Momesso, model L5-K, calibrated to apply a spray volume of 0.5 L 100 kg-1 of seeds in which the volume of each treatment was adjusted using distilled water. After treatment, seeds were spread over plastic strays for drying for a period of 24 hours under environmental conditions. Once dry, seeds were packed in paper bags and stored for 0 (control), 45, 90, 135 and 180 days, under uncontrolled conditions of temperature and relative humidity, when seed physiological quality was evaluated using the following tests: germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence, speed of emergence index and speed of emergence. Soybean industrial seed treatment before storage for up to 180 days is practicable using the mixtures of pesticides tested for storing seeds under environmental conditions. All treatments tested contribute to the maintenance of seed quality throughout storage.

Dicamba translocation in soybean and accumulation in seed

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
Maria Leticia M. Zaccaro ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy ◽  
Chad B. Brabham
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Amaranthus Palmeri ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Target Movement ◽  
Trifoliate Leaf ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Soybean Plants

AbstractThe dicamba-resistant cropping system was developed to be used as a tool to control multiple-resistant weed species, particularly Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson). However, dicamba applications have resulted in off-target movement of the herbicide to susceptible neighboring vegetation, with frequent damage to non–dicamba resistant soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Pod malformation and subsequent auxin-like injury to progeny is common when parent soybean plants are exposed to the herbicide post-flowering. Yet no publication to date has conveyed the presence of dicamba in seed. The objective of this study was to determine whether dicamba exists and at what quantities inside soybean seed following a low-dose exposure in the pod-filling stage using radiolabeled herbicide as a tracer. Non–dicamba resistant soybean plants were grown in the greenhouse until the pod-filling growth stage and then treated with 2.8 g ae ha−1 of dicamba (1/200 of the recommended rate of 560 g ae ha−1). Immediately afterward, [14C]dicamba (approximately 6.4 kBq per plant) was applied to the adaxial surface of one trifoliate leaf located in the midportion of each plant. The greatest amount of [14C]dicamba recovered was in seeds and in pods, and these plant parts accumulated 44% and 38% of the total absorbed, respectively. Chromatography results showed that the totality of the [14C]dicamba present in the soybean seeds was in the phytotoxic form, except for a single sample, in which one metabolite was detected (possibly 5-hydroxy dicamba). Precautions should be taken to avoid dicamba exposure to sensitive soybean fields, especially those dedicated to seed production, as this may result in low seed quality and symptomology on progeny plants.

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