scholarly journals Behavioral and Emotional Changes in Early Childhood during the COVID-19 Pandemic

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Tiffani S. Kairupan ◽  
Natasya T. Rokot ◽  
Hesti Lestari ◽  
Novie H. Rampengan ◽  
Bernabas H. R. Kairupan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Normal Behavior ◽  
Emotional Changes ◽  
The Impact

Abstrak: Pandemi Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mengakibatkan perubahan yang besar terhadap gaya hidup sehari-hari, termasuk pada anak usia dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak lockdown (karantina wilayah) akibat pandemi Covid-19 pada perilaku dan emosi anak usia dini (usia 0-8 tahun), serta kegiatan rutin sehari-hari seperti aktivitas fisik, screen time, dan pola tidur. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu literature review dengan menggunakan database Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, dan PubMed. Terdapat 15 literatur yang dipublikasi dalam bahasa Ingggris atau Indonesiaselang April 2020 dan Maret 2021. Literatur dalam penelitian ini melaporkan tentang perubahan perilaku dan emosi pada anak usia dini. Peningkatan perilaku eksternalisasi dan internalisasi serta perubahan waktu aktivitas fisik dan pola tidur juga dilaporkan pada banyak studi tersebut. Selain itu, terdapat peningkatan screen time selama lockdown. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah lockdown dapat memengaruhi baik pola tidur dan aktivitas fisik maupun kemampuan mengontrol emosi pada anak usia dini.Kata kunci: COVID-19, lockdown, keterbatasan, anak usia dini, perubahan perilaku  Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic demanded great changes in the everyday lifestyle of people, including children in their early years.This study was aimed toobtain the impact of COVID-19 confinement in young children’s (age 0-8 years) behavior and emotion, along with their daily routines such as physical activity, screen time, and sleep pattern. This was a literature review study using databases of Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. The results showed that there were 15 studies published in English or Indonesian between April 2020 and March 2021 included in this review. The studies reported behavioral and emotional changes in the early life of children. An increase in externalizing and internalizing behavior along with a shift in physical activity and sleep behavior was reported in many of the studies. There was an increase in screen time during lockdown. In conclusion, lockdown can affect not only children’s normal behavior in their sleep and physical activity but also their capability of controlling their emotion.Keywords: COVID-19, lockdown, confinement, early childhood, behavioral changes 

scholarly journals Training may enhance early childhood educators’ self-efficacy to lead physical activity in childcare

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianne A. Bruijns ◽  
Andrew M. Johnson ◽  
Jennifer D. Irwin ◽  
Shauna M. Burke ◽  
Molly Driediger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Early Childhood Educators ◽  
Outdoor Play ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intervention Component ◽  
Space Extension ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Early childhood educators (ECEs) play a critical role in promoting physical activity (PA) among preschoolers in childcare; thus, PA-related training for ECEs is essential. The Supporting PA in the Childcare Environment (SPACE) intervention incorporated: 1. shorter, more frequent outdoor play sessions; 2. provision of portable play equipment; and, PA training for ECEs. An extension of the SPACE intervention (the SPACE-Extension) incorporated only the shorter, more frequent outdoor play periods component of the original SPACE intervention. The purpose of this study was to explore the individual impact of these interventions on ECEs’ PA-related self-efficacy and knowledge. Methods ECEs from the SPACE (n = 83) and SPACE-Extension (n = 31) were administered surveys at all intervention time-points to assess: self-efficacy to engage preschoolers in PA (n = 6 items; scale 0 to 100); self-efficacy to implement the intervention (n = 6 items); and, knowledge of preschooler-specific PA and screen-viewing guidelines (n = 2 items). A linear mixed effects model was used to analyze the impact of each intervention on ECEs’ self-efficacy and knowledge and controlled for multiple comparison bias. Results The SPACE intervention significantly impacted ECEs’ self-efficacy to engage preschoolers in PA for 180 min/day (main effect), and when outdoor playtime was not an option (interaction effect). Further, the interaction model for ECEs’ knowledge of the total PA guideline for preschoolers approached significance when compared to the main effects model. Participants within the SPACE-Extension did not demonstrate any significant changes in self-efficacy or knowledge variables. Conclusions Findings from this study highlight the benefit of ECE training in PA with regard to fostering their PA-related self-efficacy and knowledge. Future research should explore the impact of PA training for ECEs uniquely in order to determine if this intervention component, alone, can produce meaningful changes in children’s PA behaviours at childcare.

scholarly journals Policy Evaluation Network (PEN): Protocol for systematic literature review examining the evidence for impact of school policies on physical activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Kevin Volf ◽  
Liam Kelly ◽  
Enrique García Bengoechea ◽  
Blathin Casey ◽  
Anna Gobis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Global Action ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Action Plan

Introduction: Over 40 million deaths annually are due to noncommunicable diseases, 15 million of these are premature deaths and physical inactivity attributes an estimated 9% to this figure. Global responses have included the sustainable development goals and the global action plan on physical activity. Both point to policy action in physical activity (PA) to address change, yet the impact of policy is unknown.  The protocol described outlines a systematic literature review that will be undertaken by the Policy Evaluation Network to address this knowledge gap. Protocol: This review of school PA policies is the first of seven planned reviews. The seven best investments for promotion of population PA identified in the Toronto Charter (whole-of-school programmes, transport policy, urban design policy, primary health care policy, public education policy, community programmes and sport programmes) will form the basis of these reviews. Seven individual scientific literature searches across six electronic databases, using key concepts of policy, PA, evaluation and a distinct concept for each area will be conducted. This will be supplemented with a search of the reference list of included articles. Methodological quality will be assessed and overall effectiveness for each included study will be described according to pre-determined categories. Conclusions: The review will provide policy makers with a list of policy statements and corresponding actions which the evidence has determined impact on PA directly or indirectly. By collating the evidence, and demonstrating the depth of the science base which informs these policy recommendations, this review will provide guidance to policymakers to use evidence-based or evidence-informed policies to achieve the 15% relative reduction in physical inactivity as defined by the ‘Global Action Plan on Physical Activity’. Registration:  PROSPERO CRD42020156630 (10/07/2020).

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Eating Environments and Activity in Early Childhood Education and Care in Alberta, Canada: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4247
Author(s):  
Lynne M. Z. Lafave ◽  
Alexis D. Webster ◽  
Ceilidh McConnell ◽  
Nadine Van Wyk ◽  
Mark R. Lafave
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
The Impact

Early childhood education and care (ECEC) environments influence children’s early development and habits that track across a lifespan. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of COVID-19 government-mandated guidelines on physical activity (PA) and eating environments in ECEC settings. This cross-sectional study involved the recruitment of 19 ECEC centers pre-COVID (2019) and 15 ECEC centers during COVID (2020) in Alberta, Canada (n = 34 ECEC centers; n = 83 educators; n = 361 preschoolers). Educators completed the CHEERS (Creating Healthy Eating and activity Environments Survey) and MEQ (Mindful Eating Questionnaire) self-audit tools while GT3X+ ActiGraph accelerometers measured preschooler PA. The CHEERS healthy eating environment subscale was greater during COVID-19 (5.97 ± 0.52; 5.80 ± 0.62; p = 0.02) and the overall score positively correlated with the MEQ score (r = 0.20; p = 0.002). Preschoolers exhibited greater hourly step counts (800 ± 189; 649 ± 185), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) (9.3 ± 3.0 min/h; 7.9 ± 3.2 min/h) and lower sedentary times (42.4 ± 3.9 min/h; 44.1 ± 4.9 min/h) during COVID-19 compared to pre-COVID, respectively (p < 0.05). These findings suggest the eating environment and indices of child physical activity were better in 2020, which could possibly be attributed to a change in government-mandated COVID-19 guideline policy.

scholarly journals Changes in Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Response to COVID-19 and Their Associations with Mental Health in 3052 US Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Meyer ◽  
Cillian McDowell ◽  
Jeni Lansing ◽  
Cassandra Brower ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Societal Changes ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic altered many facets of life. We aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19-related public health guidelines on physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, mental health, and their interrelations. Cross-sectional data were collected from 3052 US adults 3–8 April 2020 (from all 50 states). Participants self-reported pre- and post-COVID-19 levels of moderate and vigorous PA, sitting, and screen time. Currently-followed public health guidelines, stress, loneliness, positive mental health (PMH), social connectedness, and depressive and anxiety symptoms were self-reported. Participants were grouped by meeting US PA guidelines, reporting ≥8 h/day of sitting, or ≥8 h/day of screen time, pre- and post-COVID-19. Overall, 62% of participants were female, with age ranging from 18–24 (16.6% of sample) to 75+ (9.3%). Self-reported PA was lower post-COVID among participants reporting being previously active (mean change: −32.3% [95% CI: −36.3%, −28.1%]) but largely unchanged among previously inactive participants (+2.3% [−3.5%, +8.1%]). No longer meeting PA guidelines and increased screen time were associated with worse depression, loneliness, stress, and PMH (p < 0.001). Self-isolation/quarantine was associated with higher depressive and anxiety symptoms compared to social distancing (p < 0.001). Maintaining and enhancing physical activity participation and limiting screen time increases during abrupt societal changes may mitigate the mental health consequences.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PENERAPAN SISTEM PENCATATAN KEPERAWATAN ELEKTRONIK: LITERATUR REVIEW

Jurnal Surya ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Asra Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
The Impact

Catatan keperawatan adalah suatu laporan baik komunikasi secara lisan, tertulis maupun melalui komputer untuk menyampaikan informasi kepada orang lain. Perkembangan teknologi informasi digital yang sangat cepat dalam dunia kesehatan, membawa dampak pada kemajuan yang cukup berarti dalam bidang keperawatan. Catatan keperawatan dari yang sebelumnya manual, bergeser menjadi komputerisasi. Tujuan penulisan ini  untuk melihat dampak penerapan sistem pencatatan keperawatan elektronik. Metode yang digunakan adalah literature review, pencarian menggunakan beberapa database elektronik, yakni Google Scholar, ProQuest, SpringerLink, CINAHL dan ScienceDirect dengan menggunakan kata kunci the impact of electronic nursing recording systems, information technology. Hasil telaah ditemukan bahwa penerapan sistem pencatatan keperawatan elektronik ini memberikan dampak terhadap peningkatan kualitas asuhan keperawatan, efisiensi dan keamanan data pasien. Kesimpulannya diperlukan dukungan manajer dan keterlibatan perawat dalam pengembangan desain sistem, agar perawat terus menggunakannya untuk meningkatkan mutu dan keselamatan pasien.

scholarly journals Pembentukan Mikronukleus di Mukosa Bukal akibat Paparan Senyawa Kimia pada Berbagai Macam Pekerjaan

e-GIGI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deny Setiabudi ◽  
Rizki Amalina ◽  
Anggun Feranisa
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Gasoline Station ◽  
Micronucleus Formation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: In general, an occupation could have hazzard and risk of exposure to genotoxic chemical compounds. These compounds could lead to micronucleus formation on buccal mucosa. This study was aimed to obtain the impact of chemical exposure on micronucleus formation in buccal mucosa at various occupations. This was a literature review study using databases of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar based on the keywords. The criteria of literatures were articles published in 2016-2021 using Indonesian or English language. The results showed that  group compounds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), metals, carbamate, and organophospate, also compunds of silica, bezene, toluene, xylene (BTX), sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane, nitrous oxide, gemcitabin, and 5-fluoro uracil were genotoxic chemical compunds and could cause micronucleus formation in buccal mucosa of mechanics, grillers, miners, e-waste recyclers, construction workers, road markers, car painters, gasoline station workers, farmers, and healthcare workers. Genotoxic chemical compounds could be found excessively in occupational environment. These compounds could damage cells’ DNA and caused micronucleus formation on buccal mucosa of workers. It is suggested to study further about cell damage biomarkers caused by genotoxic chemical compound exposure.Keywords: micronucleus formation in buccal mucosa, chemical exposure of genotoxic compounds, occupational riskAbstrak: Suatu pekerjaan dapat memiliki risiko dan bahaya terpapar senyawa kimia yang bersifat genotoksik. Senyawa kimia tersebut dapat menyebabkan terbentuknya mikronukleus di mukosa pipi rongga mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas pengaruh paparan senyawa kimia pada berbagai macam pekerjaan terhadap pembentukan mikronukleus di mukosa bukal. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review. Penelusuran literatur melalui database PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar berdasarkan kata kunci yang sesuai. Kriteria literatur ialah terbitan tahun 2016-2021 dengan Bahasa Indonesia atau Inggris. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan senyawa kelompok polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), logam, carbamate, dan organophospate, serta senyawa silica, benzene, toluene, xylene (BTX), sevoflurane, desflurane, isoflurane, nitrous oksida, gemcitabin, dan 5-fluoro uracil merupakan senyawa kimia yang bersifat genotoksik dan dapat memicu pembentukan mikronukleus di mukosa bukal mekanik, pemanggang daging, penambang, pendaur ulang sampah elektronik, pekerja konstruksi, pekerja marka jalan, pengecat mobil, petugas SPBU, petani dan tenaga kesehatan. Senyawa kimia yang bersifat genotoksik banyak ditemukan di lingkungan pekerjaan. Senyawa tersebut dapat merusak DNA sel sehingga terbentuk mikronukleus di mukosa bukal pekerja. Disarankan untuk melakukan penelitian lanjut mengenai biomarker kerusakan sel akibat paparan senyawa kimia yang genotoksik.Kata kunci: pembentukan mikronukleus di mukosa pipi, paparan senyawa kimia genotoksik, risiko pekerjaan

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