scholarly journals TERAPI SEL PUNCA NEURAL PADA PENYANDANG STROKE

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venki F. Tangkuman ◽  
Denny J. Ngantung ◽  
Arthur Mawuntu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mature Brain ◽  
Fifth Order

Abstract: Stroke is the second order of deaths for the age group above 60 years and the fifth order for the age group 15-59 years. Although there are many kinds of therapies applied to stroke, none are satisfactory cures. An alternative therapy which is very promising, the neural stem cell therapy, is expected to be able to ameliorate stroke patients better, and therefore, can decrease the morbidity and mortality of stroke cases. There are several kinds of stem cells used in research, inter alia embryonal and adult stem cells. The purpose of this stem cell therapy in neurological disorders is to replace the damaged neural cells or to improve their biological function for enhancing brain function. New neuron cells can be produced from stem cell transplantation. Moreover, the mature brain has the ability, although very limited, to  produce new neuron cells as a response to brain damage due to stroke. Keywords: neural stem cells, stroke, transplantation.     Abstrak: Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian urutan kedua pada kelompok usia di atas 60 tahun dan urutan kelima pada kelompok usia 15-59 tahun. Sampai sekarang ini stroke belum dapat disembuhkan dengan baik walaupun telah banyak jenis pengobatan yang digunakan. Salah satu pengobatan alternatif yang mungkin kelak akan mampu memulihkan pasien stroke secara memuaskan serta menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas kasus stroke di seluruh dunia khususnya Indonesia yaitu terapi sel punca neuronal. Transplantasi sel punca pada gangguan neurologik termasuk stroke yaitu untuk menggantikan atau memperbaiki fungsi biologik dari sel neuron yang rusak agar dapat mempertahankan atau memulihkan fungsi otak. Sel neuron baru dapat dihasilkan dari transplantasi sel punca. Selain itu, otak dewasa akan terpicu untuk membuat sel neuron baru sebagai respon terhadap kerusakan sehingga akan meningkatkan kualitas penyembuhan pasien stroke. Kata kunci: sel punca neuronal, stroke, transplantasi.

scholarly journals Exploring the Most Promising Stem Cell Therapy in Liver Failure: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne AdiwinataPawitan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Alternative Approaches

Background. Alternative approaches to transplantation for liver failure are needed. One of the alternative approaches is stem cell therapy. However, stem cell therapy in liver failure is not standardized yet, as every centre have their own methods. This systematic review is aimed at compiling and analyzing the various studies that use stem cells to treat liver failure, to get an insight into potential protocols in terms of safety and efficacy by comparing them to controls. Methods. This systematic review was done according to PRISMA guidelines and submitted for registration in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42018106119). All published studies in PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane Library, using key words: “human” and “stem cell” AND “liver failure” on 16th June 2018, without time restriction. In addition, relevant articles that are found during full-text search were added. Inclusion criteria included all original articles on stem cell use in humans with liver failure. Data collected included study type, treatment and control number, severity of disease, concomitant therapy, type and source of cells, passage of cells, dose, administration route, repeats, and interval between repeats, outcomes, and adverse events compared to controls. Data were analyzed descriptively to determine the possible causes of adverse reactions, and which protocols gave a satisfactory outcome, in terms of safety and efficacy. Results. There were 25 original articles, i.e., eight case studies and 17 studies with controls. Conclusion. Among the various adult stem cells that were used in human studies, MSCs from the bone marrow or umbilical cord performed better compared to other types of adult stem cells, though no study showed a complete and sustainable performance in the outcome measures. Intravenous (IV) route was equal to invasive route. Fresh or cryopreserved, and autologous or allogeneic MSCs were equally beneficial; and giving too many cells via intraportal or the hepatic artery might be counterproductive.

Are stem cells a cure for diabetes?

2009 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. McCall ◽  
Christian Toso ◽  
Emmanuel E. Baetge ◽  
A. M. James Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Producing Cells ◽  
Early Mouse

With the already heightened demand placed on organ donation, stem cell therapy has become a tantalizing idea to provide glucose-responsive insulin-producing cells to Type 1 diabetic patients as an alternative to islet transplantation. Multiple groups have developed varied approaches to create a population of cells with the appropriate characteristics. Both adult and embryonic stem cells have received an enormous amount of attention as possible sources of insulin-producing cells. Although adult stem cells lack the pluripotent nature of their embryonic counterparts, they appear to avoid the ethical debate that has centred around the latter. This may limit the eventual application of embryonic stem cells, which have already shown promise in early mouse models. One must also consider the potential of stem cells to form teratomas, a complication which would prove devastating in an immunologically compromised transplant recipient. The present review looks at the progress to date in both the adult and embryonic stem cells fields as potential treatments for diabetes. We also consider some of the limitations of stem cell therapy and the potential complications that may develop with their use.

scholarly journals Future Implementation of Adult Stem Cell Therapy in the Current Standards of Care for Myocardial Infarction

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Bates
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cell ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Chronic Myocardial Infarction

Purpose: Adult stem cells are among the new methods of approaching the treatment of myocardial tissue damage. The purpose of this review is to clarify misconceptions about stem cell therapy efficacy in clinical trials and provide a thorough understanding of adult stem cells as a future treatment for patients with myocardial infarction. Methods: A comprehensive review of literature was performed analyzing and comparing 12 clinical trials involving the treatment of patients with acute and chronic myocardial infarction. Results: Stem cell treatments carry an excellent safety profile with the ease of one-time dosing, and have shown dramatic functional improvements while reducing the recurrence of myocardial infarction and enhancing quality of life. Important changes with adult stem cell treatments include 1) formation of new cardiomyocytes, 2) sufficient and sustained improvements in cardiac output, 3) increased myocardial contractility, 4) decreased infarct zone diameter, 5) increased left ventricular function, 6) increased exercise ability, and 7) increased coronary perfusion secondary to neovascularization. Conclusion: At this time, based on the current clinical evidence, adult stem cell therapy is in a position to be considered as an optional treatment for patients with acute or chronic myocardial infarction. Adult stem cell therapy is still in experimental stages of development and the continued clinical involvement will provide more evidence to the therapeutic effects of the treatment.

Unprecedented Syndrome of Nervous System, Bipolar: Clinical Advancement in Cure using iPSCs Cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prithiv Kumar K R
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Neural Progenitor Cell ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽  
The Brain

Severe illness such as bipolar is most common in developing countries and most populations are affected. Stem cell therapy has been a solution to this cognitive or social defect. This chapter is all about balancing and targeting modulation in the brain but also regenerating cells. With pathological damage in mental illness, there is novel interference such as modulation of a particular cell population. In the particular case of damage, oligodendrites played a crucial role. In this chapter, oligodendrites reveal calcium signals in neural cells. The stimulating mechanism of oligodendrites helps in the proliferation, maturation and myelination response of transplanted cells. The calcium signaling response regulates the neural progenitor cell proliferation, migration, differentiation synaptic plasticity which involves neuropsychiatric diseases in humans. Protein annotation and protein-protein interaction have been highlighted in this chapter. There are 119 calcium-activated proteins in the neuropsychiatry of the human brain. The calcium channel stimulating of stem cells zeros on the advantage of calcium stimulated stem cells and transplants the signal, to channel the drugs in a devised delivery system. This local delivery guidance of the brain delivery method is visualized using brain imaging techniques, providing a unique approach to treatment in psychiatry patients. It was found in our experiments that preconditioning stem cell therapy had high potential during transplantation and advised cared stimulations in procaine shell, synaptic modulation and myelin repair.

Cellular signaling in neural stem cells: implications for restorative neurosurgery

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvette D. Marquez ◽  
Michael Y. Wang ◽  
Charles Y. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Cellular Signaling ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Cell Niche

Over the course of the past few decades, it has become apparent that in contrast to previously held beliefs, the adult central nervous system (CNS) may have the capability of regeneration and repair. This greatly expands the possibilities for the future treatment of CNS disorders, with the potential strategies of treatment targeting the entire scope of neurological diseases. Indeed, there is now ample evidence that stem cells exist in the CNS throughout life, and the progeny of these stem cells may have the ability to assume the functional role of neural cells that have been lost. The existence of stem cells is no longer in dispute. In addition, once transplanted, stem cells have been shown to survive, migrate, and differentiate. Nevertheless, the clinical utility of stem cell therapy for neurorestoration remains elusive. Without question, the control of the behavior of stem cells for therapeutic advantage poses considerable challenges. In this paper, the authors discuss the cellular signaling processes that influence the behavior of stem cells. These signaling processes take place in the microenvironment of the stem cell known as the niche. Also considered are the implications attending the replication and manipulation of elements of the stem cell niche to restore function in the CNS by using stem cell therapy.

scholarly journals Cardiac Stem Cell Therapy: An Overview

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
AKMM Islam ◽  
AAS Majumder ◽  
F Doza ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
H Jesmin
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Threatening

Cardiovascular diseases are the major causes of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. Treatment of these diseases is often incomplete, suboptimal and far from permanent cure. One of the reasons behind this is the nature of heart as a terminally differentiated organ. Preclinical and clinical research in the last few decades has put a challenge to this conventional belief regarding the inability of regeneration of the cardiomyocytes. Embryonic, foetal and a wide range of adult stem cells have been used so far. Differentiation of adult somatic cells has lead to breakthrough discovery of induced pleuripotent stem cells which may be a potential solution of controversy over embryonic stem cell issue. Stem cells specially those of bone marrow origin are already being used in a limited scale to treat acute myocardial infarction, chronic myocardial ischaemia and cardiomyopathy with efficacy, feasibility and safety. Mesenchymal stem cells and adult cardiac stem cells are on the way to bedside use. skeletal myoblasts have been associated with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia. Stem cells combined with tissue engineering have produced prosthetic tissue valves, and hope for manufacturing whole heart ex vivo in near future. However, like other rapidly evolving modalities, there are more questions than answers. Exact indications, patient selection, cell selection, timing of therapy, efficacy of repeated therapies, co-administration of growth factors, and genetic modification of stem cells are yet to be determined with precision. International community is coming forward with enthusiasm and vigor to explore the enormous potential of stem cell therapy and regenerative medicine. Future research will hopefully facilitate more versatile application of stem cells in treating the life-threatening and disabling ailments of mankind. Keywords: Stem cell; regenerative medicine DOI: 10.3329/cardio.v3i1.6429Cardiovasc. j. 2010; 3(1): 66-80

Mesenchymal stem cells: Stem cell therapy perspectives for type 1 diabetes

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Vija ◽  
D. Farge ◽  
J.-F. Gautier ◽  
P. Vexiau ◽  
C. Dumitrache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy

The promises of stem cells: stem cell therapy for movement disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. S128-S131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Mochizuki ◽  
Chi-Jing Choong ◽  
Toru Yasuda
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Movement Disorders

scholarly journals Optimizing Stem Cell Therapy after Ischemic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Brittany Bolduc Lachance ◽  
Bilal Moiz ◽  
Xiaofeng Jia
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Ischemic Brain Injury ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Injury Treatment

Stem cells have been used for regenerative and therapeutic purposes in a variety of diseases. In ischemic brain injury, preclinical studies have been promising, but have failed to translate results to clinical trials. We aimed to explore the application of stem cells after ischemic brain injury by focusing on topics such as delivery routes, regeneration efficacy, adverse effects, and in vivo potential optimization. PUBMED and Web of Science were searched for the latest studies examining stem cell therapy applications in ischemic brain injury, particularly after stroke or cardiac arrest, with a focus on studies addressing delivery optimization, stem cell type comparison, or translational aspects. Other studies providing further understanding or potential contributions to ischemic brain injury treatment were also included. Multiple stem cell types have been investigated in ischemic brain injury treatment, with a strong literature base in the treatment of stroke. Studies have suggested that stem cell administration after ischemic brain injury exerts paracrine effects via growth factor release, blood-brain barrier integrity protection, and allows for exosome release for ischemic injury mitigation. To date, limited studies have investigated these therapeutic mechanisms in the setting of cardiac arrest or therapeutic hypothermia. Several delivery modalities are available, each with limitations regarding invasiveness and safety outcomes. Intranasal delivery presents a potentially improved mechanism, and hypoxic conditioning offers a potential stem cell therapy optimization strategy for ischemic brain injury. The use of stem cells to treat ischemic brain injury in clinical trials is in its early phase; however, increasing preclinical evidence suggests that stem cells can contribute to the down-regulation of inflammatory phenotypes and regeneration following injury. The safety and the tolerability profile of stem cells have been confirmed, and their potent therapeutic effects make them powerful therapeutic agents for ischemic brain injury patients.

scholarly journals Stem cells in the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease. Part I

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. S. Zhukova ◽  
I. I. Staroverov
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Stem Cell Therapy ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Cellular Cardiomyoplasty ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Death Causes

Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading death causes in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). The modern methods of reperfusion MI therapy, such as thrombolysis, surgery and balloon revascularization, even when performed early, could fail to prevent the development of large myocardial damage zones, followed by HF. Therefore, the researches have been searching for the methods which improve functional status of damaged myocardium. This review is focused on stem cell therapy, a method aimed at cardiac function restoration. The results of experimental and clinical studies on stem cell therapy in coronary heart disease are presented. Various types of stem cells, used for cellular cardiomyoplasty, are characterised. The methods of cell transplantation into myocardium and potential adverse effects of stem cell therapy are discussed.

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