scholarly journals TAXONOMIC AND FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES OF DARK GREY SOIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
O. V. Sherstoboeva ◽  
O. S. Demianiuk
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Fallow Soil ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Correlation Pleiades

We analyzed the functional and taxonomic structure of microbial community of dark grey soil, depending on the effects of the weather and fertilizer systems. It was shown that fallow soil is characterized by integrated and more stable microbial community compared with agroecosystems soil. However, under the effect of such abiotic factors as increased average monthly temperatures and moisture deficiency, some imbalance of trophic interactions in microbiocenosis is observed. Agroecosystems are characterized by less stable functional and taxonomic structure of the soil, which is defined by the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season and types of fertilizers applied. This is supported by a smaller number of correlations and a simplified structure of correlation pleiades of the soil of agroecosystems during unfavourable periods of vegetation periods, especially in the soil without fertilizers and using only mineral fertilizers. The use of organic and mineral fertilizer system brings the state of the soil microbiocenosis of agroecosystems soil to that of fallow soil.

Change of the redox potential in the profile of light grey forest surface-gleyed soil under different anthropogenic

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (95) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
O.S. Gavrishko ◽  
Yu.M. Olifir ◽  
T.V. Partyka
Keyword(s):  
Redox Potential ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Gleyed Soil ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Given

The results of studies of the change in redox potential in the profile of light gray forest surface-gleyed soil on variants with long-term agricultural use without applying fertilizers and mineral fertilizer system solely compared with the soil under the forest are presented. On the basis of the conducted analyzes it was established, that soil tillage without fertilizer application and with mineral fertilizer solely has a different effect on ROP in the profile. In the soil without fertilization (control) as compared to the forest a moderate oxidizing (514 mV) and slightly oxidizing (437 mV) processes are happening. Prolonged application of mineral fertilizers to the soil (N65R68K68) significantly reduced the redox potential of all genetic horizons compared with forest and control without fertilizers. For the given fertilizer system the highest values of ROP were obtained in arable HEgl and underarable HEgl layers: 426 mV and 416 mV respectively. Redox potential sharply decreases with the depth to 398-311 mV, which characterizes processes occurring in the soil profile, as weakly reducing and close to moderately reducing.

scholarly journals Productivity of topinambur on podzolic degradated soils

Bioenergy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lopushniak ◽  
B. Barchak ◽  
T. Yakubovski ◽  
H. Hrytsuliak
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

Purpose of research. To determine rational fertilization systems for growing topinambur on low fertility soil to increase the productivity of plant community in order to strengthen the feedstock base for the production of bioethanol. Methods. Field, accounting, laboratory, and analytical. Results. It was established that the topinambur can be successfully grown on degraded eroded podzolic low fertility soil. A rational organo-mineral fertilizer system with the introduction of 15–20 t/ha of manure and N40–65P40–53K40–70 as well as the introduction of the microbiological formulation Filazonit MC (10 L/ha) improves the productivity and green weight of Jerusalem artichoke significantly compared without fertilizer. The total yield of dry biomass increases by 7.3–7.5 t/ha or by 100–102%. However, in the process of using plantations for 3–4 years, the yield of dry biomass is significantly reduced. Therefore, re-fertilization is required. Fertilizer systems exert unequal influence on the formation of the nutrient regime of degraded soil. The organo-mineral fertilizer system is characterized by a certain ameliorative effect on the soil system and helps to reduce the acidity of the soil environment, reducing hydrolytic acidity by 0.23–0.42 mmol/100 g of soil, or by 14–26%. As the proportion of organic fertilizers in the fertilizer system increases, the hydrolytic acidity index decreases. Fertilizing causes an increase in the content of the available basic mineral nutrients in the soil. Conclusions. Organo-mineral fertilizer system for artichoke has significant advantages over organic and mineral ones, because of the best agrochemical indices of soil, the highest yield of green mass and the tubers, which leads to the highest yield dry weight of the harvest. During fertilization, the green mass increases more intensively than the tuber crop. The use of fertilizers in smaller quantities increases the yield of aboveground biomass, and the increased rates of complete mineral fertilizers (ΣNPK = 390 kg/ha of active substance) provide an increase in the proportion of tubers in the total dry matter yield. An additional factor in increasing biological productivity of artichoke’s plant community is the introduction of biologically active agents, such as Filazonitu MC, which contributes insignificantly artichoke tubers improve yield and yield a significant increase in aboveground biomass through activation of microbiological processes in soil and plant growth processes.

scholarly journals Linear growth and development of white lupine plants depending on growing technology and weather conditions

1970 ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
A. V. Holodna ◽  
N. H. Buslaeva
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Object Of Study

Purpose. Determination of the influence of seed biodisinfectant, stimulator of growth and foliar feeding on the white lupine growth and development in the context of climate change. Methods. Field (to study the interaction of the object of study with biotic and abiotic factors); morphophysiological (for biological control over development of productivity elements at the stages of organogenesis); weight (to establish the indicators parameters of the crop structure elements and determine the grain yield); statistical (statistical processing of the research results). Results. The results of the analysis of the indicators of the average daily air temperature and the amount of precipitation from April to August and their comparison with long-term values are presented. Indicators of height and aboveground mass of white lupine plants in dynamics, depending on the pre-sowing seed treatment, plant growth stimulant and foliar feeding, correlation dependences of these indicators on the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season have been established. Conclusions. The growth and development of white lupine plants depends on the elements of the technology of its cultivation, as well as hydrothermal conditions during the growing season of the crop. The highest plants (83.0 cm) with their maximum weight (143,8 g/plant) were noted in the variant where the seeds of white lupine were treated with БТУ-р bioinoculant simultaneously with the MicoHelp biodisinfectant and foliar feeding of plants with micronutrient fertilizer Trazex at the ІХ stage of organogenesis was carried out. Mathematical models have been developed that confirm the close relationship between the level of height indicators and the aboveground mass of white lupine plants with weather conditions, the critical periods of their influence in the ontogenesis of plants were also determined.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS WITH PHYTOMASS ANNUAL HERBS WHEN USING VARIOUS FERTILIZER SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
A. Ilinskiy
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Fertilizer System

Under the conditions of a lysimetric experiment on podzolic chernozem, it was found that the use of dolomite flour contributed to a decrease in the mobility of metals and their translocation into crop products, which was reflected in a decrease in their removal relative to the background. The use of mineral fertilizers by increasing the yield of phytomass contributed to an increase in the removal of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium from the soil. The largest total removal of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium with the phytomass of annual grasses (8,035 mg/m2) is observed when using a mineral fertilizer system, and the smallest removal of the indicated metals is observed when using lime without manure (5,092 mg/m2).

scholarly journals Steering microbiomes by organic amendments towards climate-smart agricultural soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristof Brenzinger ◽  
Ohana Y. A. Costa ◽  
Adrian Ho ◽  
Guusje Koorneef ◽  
Bjorn Robroek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers

AbstractWe steered the soil microbiome via applications of organic residues (mix of cover crop residues, sewage sludge + compost, and digestate + compost) to enhance multiple ecosystem services in line with climate-smart agriculture. Our result highlights the potential to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions from agricultural soils by the application of specific organic amendments (especially digestate + compost). Unexpectedly, also the addition of mineral fertilizer in our mesocosms led to similar combined GHG emissions than one of the specific organic amendments. However, the application of organic amendments has the potential to increase soil C, which is not the case when using mineral fertilizer. While GHG emissions from cover crop residues were significantly higher compared to mineral fertilizer and the other organic amendments, crop growth was promoted. Furthermore, all organic amendments induced a shift in the diversity and abundances of key microbial groups. We show that organic amendments have the potential to not only lower GHG emissions by modifying the microbial community abundance and composition, but also favour crop growth-promoting microorganisms. This modulation of the microbial community by organic amendments bears the potential to turn soils into more climate-smart soils in comparison to the more conventional use of mineral fertilizers.

scholarly journals Efficiency of cultivation technologies for spring wheat with different levels of intensity on chernozem soils of Kursk Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Vladimir Lazarev ◽  
Boris Ilyin
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Organic Mineral ◽  
Chernozem Soils ◽  
Primary Tillage ◽  
Fertilizer System ◽  
Kursk Region

The paper presents the results of research on the efficiency of technologies for cultivating spring wheat at various levels of intensity (extensive, intensive, resource-saving) under the conditions of chernozem soils of Kursk Region. It was found that higher reserves of available moisture and nitrate nitrogen in the arable layer of the soil before sowing spring wheat were provided by technologies with moldboard plowing. Replacing plowing with subsurface methods of tillage led to a decrease in the available moisture and nitrate nitrogen reserves in the soil for all fertilizer systems. The lowest weediness of spring wheat was observed when it was cultivated using technologies with moldboard plowing 52.3-58.3 PCs/m2, depending on the fertilizer system. The replacement of plowing with subsurface and surface tillage increased the weediness of crops to 61.7 and 73.7 PCs / m2, respectively. Application of mineral fertilizers had almost no significant effect on the number of weeds in spring wheat. The highest yield of spring wheat in all the years of studies (4,27 t/ha) was obtained in the intensive cultivation technology involving plowing at 20-22 cm, fertilization at a rate of N60Р60К60, treatment of crops with pesticides based on economic threshold of harmfulness. Yield of spring wheat, cultivated by resource-saving technologies with organic-mineral system of fertilization 0.86-4.25 t/ha depending on the methods of primary tillage. Moldboard plowing of the soil against the background of the organic-mineral fertilizer system increased the yield of spring wheat by 0.18 t/ha in comparison with subsurface tillage and by 0.39 t/ha in comparison with surface tillage. However, due to higher production costs, the best economic indicators were obtained when spring wheat was cultivated using resourcesaving technologies with an organic-mineral fertilizer system and non-moldboard methods of primary tillage.

scholarly journals The effect of mineral and organomineral fertilizers on the yield of winter wheat on the southern black soil in the condi-tions of the Lower Don

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 20-20
Author(s):  
Artem Ermilov ◽  
◽  
Roman Kamenev ◽  
Vladimir Turchin ◽  
Vera Kamenevа
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Fertilizer System

Field experiments were conducted in 2017-2020 on the southern black soil in the conditions of the Lower Don. The Doneko winter wheat variety was sown. The predecessor of wheat is corn for grain. Mineral fertilizers were represented by ammonium nitrate (34.4%), nitroammophosk (16-16-16) and carbamide (46%), which acted as a background option in the scheme of the ex-periment. Organomineral fertilizers were preceded by the following agrochemicals: Ruther, Leyli 2000, Alga 1000/Turbo, Siamino Pro, Gumiful Pro, Soft Garden (Master Green Mix) and Double Vine (Monocaliphosphate). In the experiment, options for the joint use of non-root application and pre-sowing seed treatment with organomineral fertilizers were also studied. It was found that the use of organomineral fertilizers Ruther (0.5 or 0.25 l/ton) and Leyli (0.25 l/ton) for seed treatment before sowing, the use of Soft Guard (0.2 l/ha) and Humiful Pro (0.2 l/ha) in spring tillering and in the flag leaf phase against the background of a starter treatment mineral fertilizer in the form of azofoska at a dose of N32P32K32, fertilizing on frozen-thawed soil with ammonium nitrate at a dose of N40 and non-root topdressing with carbamide in the phase, earing at a dose of N20 increased the increase in grain yield on average for 3 years compared to the control variant (farm fertilizer system) by 0.73 t/ha or by 23.0%. The greatest increase in yield from the Router root-forming agent used for seed treatment was 0.36 t/ha or 11.3%. Keywords: WINTER WHEAT, MINERAL FERTILIZERS, ORGANOMINERAL FERTILIZERS, YIELD

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE SYMBIOTIK PRODUCTIVITY OF FEALD PEA IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE WESTERN FOREST-STEPPE

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
K.S. Nebaba
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Biological Fixation

The article presents the results reached in our study of the influence of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators on symbiotic capacity of field pea in the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe. Experimental part was carried out during 2016-2018 on the field of the TPC Podilya at the SAEUP, the typical black soil, characterized as deep, low-humus, and heavy gravel on forest-like loams. The results indicate that the productivity of field pea largely depended on the effective interaction of the host plant and nodule bacteria. Application of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and small doses of nitrogen fertilizers improved the biological fixation of nitrogen. Spray application of growth regulators at the budding-flowering phase continued the functioning of the red pigment of synthesized leghemoglobin in the nodules. The positive effect of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators on the symbiotic potentials of field pea plants was confirmed. The total symbiotic potential characterizes the state of legume-rhizobium symbiosis. The duration of active functioning of nodules on pea roots and their ability to fix biological nitrogen during the growing season define the magnitude of the active symbiotic potential. During the growing season, the total symbiotic potential indicators were the highest for the Chekbek variety and amounted to 13.1 thousand kg*days/ha (after application of N30P30K45 with the Vympel growth regulator). After application of the same combination of mineral fertilizer and growth regulator, the Gotovsky variety demonstrated - 10.6 thousand kg*days/ha, the Fargus variety – 10.0 thousand kg*days/ha.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers on growth, development and yield of sunflower in conditions of Luhansk region

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
S.V. Masliev ◽  
I.I. Yarchuk ◽  
V.V. Stepanov ◽  
S.V. Shkvar
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Fertilizer Efficiency ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Natural Fertility ◽  
Fertilizer System

One of the main factors of intensification in crop production is the effective using of mineral fertilizers. There must be a clear and correct approach to the development of the crop fertilizer system, in the context of the current reduction of the soil’s natural fertility and high environmental burden. A scientifically sound fertilization system must ensure not only high crop yields with optimum product quality indicators, but also the preservation or different increase of soil fertility while maintaining environmental safety. The effectiveness of mineral fertilizers depends on both the ratio of nutrients and their forms. With the same amount of active substance, different forms of fertilizers provide different results, due to the physiological characteristics of fertilizers and plants. The rational application of fertilizers is only possible when understanding the deep connection between soil agrochemistry and plant physiology. The highest yield of sunflower hybrids was obtained in the case of fertilizer application at a dose of N60P90. The application of mineral fertilizers with different doses increases the yield of sunflower hybrids by 0.16-0.43 t / ha. However, the level of mineral fertilizer efficiency varies and depends on other factors. Therefore, the question of the effectiveness of the application of mineral fertilizers during the cultivation of sunflower in the conditions of the zone of insufficient moistening of the Steppe of Ukraine needs more systematic study. Key words: sunflower, mineral fertilizers, mineral nutrition, cultivation technology, yield, plant density, biological yield.

scholarly journals Efficiency of mineral fertilizers for growing Althaea officinalis L. under conditions of irrigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
N. Pryvedeniuk ◽  
L. Hlushchenko ◽  
V. Тrubka
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Second Year

In the Forest-Steppe Zone of Ukraine, a study was carried out to establish the effect of mineral fertilizers and drip irrigation on the yield of dry raw material. It was found that irrigation significantly increases productivity of althaea, by eliminating the deficit of soil moisture in critical periods of growth and development. The yield increase caused by the use of drip irrigation in the first year of vegetation of the crop was 1.27–1.98 t/ha for dry grass, for leaves — 0.69–1.17 t/ha, for roots 0.22–0.39 t/ha. For the second growing season, the yield increase was: 1.52–4.7 t/ha for grass, 0.46–1.35 t/ha for leaves and 1.5–2.76 t/ha for roots. It was also found that increase of the mineral fertilizers main application dose caused increase of the yield. The highest yield of dry raw material of the culture was obtained in both the first and second years of the growing season with the introduction of N180P180K180. With the application of mineral fertilizer at a dose of N180P180K180 under conditions of drip irrigation, the yield of dried althaea grass was 8.09 t/ha, leaves — 3.88 t/ha, roots — 3.08 t/ha, which exceeded the option without fertilizers and without irrigation by 4.08 t/ha for grass, 2.04 t/ha for leaves, 1.44 t/ha for roots. The highest yield was obtained in the second year of vegetation using the variant with the application of the highest dose of mineral fertilizers under drip irrigation, where the yield of dry grass was 15.78 t/ha, leaves — 4.42 t/ha, roots — 6.24 t/ha. On the plantation of the second year of vegetation in the variant without irrigation and without fertilizers, the yield of raw materials was the lowest. It was 6.85 t/ha for grass, 1.88 t/ha for leaves and 2.12 t/ha for roots.

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