scholarly journals The Usage of Bamboo as the Concrete Carcass Due to the Pressure and Diffraction Strength

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 875-882
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Bamboo Fiber ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Plant Fiber ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Test Result

Concrete is as one of building materials that is relatively more used in development. Nowadays, there are more usages of additional materials for increasing the quality of concrete such as coming from gray and plant fiber. There are any kinds of bamboo in Merauke Regency which has not been well used by the society. Bamboo that is planted in Merauke Regency can be used as the alternative additional material of plant fiber and as the changing of steel carcass. This study intends to know the quality of concrete strength by adding plant fiber and bamboo carcass. The methodology consists of experimental method by using the variety of bamboo fiber and carcass. The variety of bamboo fiber is as 0.5% and 1%. The evaluation and analysis of cleft pull strength uses SK-SNI 03-2491-2002, concrete defraction strength uses SK SNI 03-4431-1997, and concrete pressure strength uses SK SNI 03-6429-2000. The samples consists of 30 units with cylindrical shape for cleft pulling strength and concrete pressure strength tests; and 15 units with block shape for concrete fraction strength test. Result shows that bamboo caracass in concrete is significantly affected and it can be seen from the increasing of diffraction strength which the normal concrete is 3.321 MPa and on bamboo carcass type 3 is as 19.925 MPa. However, bamboo carcass type 3 can be used as the changing of steel carcass mainly for non-structural building

scholarly journals SÍNTESE, CARACTERIZAÇÃO E AVALIAÇÃO DE BIOCARVÃO PRODUZIDO A PARTIR DE RESÍDUO RUMINAL BOVINO DE FRIGORÍFICO PARA SUBSTITUIÇÃO PARCIAL DO CIMENTO EM CONCRETO

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Alexandre Teixeira de Souza ◽  
Maria Luiza Garcia Lopes Molina ◽  
Thaise Monique Iurrino
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Material Scarcity

Nowadays, the cement industry faces several challenges, such as: fossil fuels reservation exhaustion, raw material scarcity, growing demand for building materials, as well as crescent environmental concerns, like air pollution and climate changes. The cement production is directly related to CO₂ emission, one of the main greenhouse gases. Therefore, this search’s objective is to demonstrate the biochar as a potential additive to replace cement in concrete, improving hydration due to its internal healing andnucleation effects. The biochar was prepared by bovine ruminal residue pyrolysis for 1 and 2% replacement of concrete cement. Immediate analyzes were also carried out to get information about biochar’s composition. It was observed in the compressive strength tests, a considerable increase in concrete strength with biochar’s partial replacement. During pyrolysis, the carbon from biomass raw material is sequestered in the chemical structure of the biochar produced that would be released into the atmosphere through decomposition or degradation of biomass. Using material produced by waste to partially substitute cement is an economic and sustainable strategy to achieve green concrete mixtures.

scholarly journals Ekosemen Sebagai Media Perekat Pengganti Semen Untuk Beton

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Marhadi Sastra ◽  
Juli Ardita Pribadi R
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Concrete Quality ◽  
Concrete Testing ◽  
Inorganic Waste ◽  
Strength Difference ◽  
Test Result

Waste is a serious problem faced at this time. A lot of pollution and diseases caused by waste, therefore many efforts are made so that waste can be utilized even contain economic value. One of the utilization of waste is as an eco-cement used as a substitute for cement. This study used the concrete quality of the plan fc '= 10 MPa and fc' = 20 MPa, the making of concrete utilized waste ash in lieu of cement in predetermined quantities, waste ash obtained from organic waste and inorganic waste that was burned to ash and then filtered using 100 and 200 sieves. Variations of ash addition of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of the volume ratio. Age of concrete testing was 7, 14 and 28 days. The results obtained from the test indicate that the material used met a predetermined standard, with the variation of the concrete weight mixture of concrete unchanged. From the concrete strength test result for fc '= 10 MPa, the best concrete mixed variation is 20% with compressive strength equal to 12,76 MPa at 28 day age, fc = 20 MPa concrete quality with best mix variation 20% has compressive strength of 17.29 MPa, the largest compressive strength value compared with the compressive strength of concrete containing ash, the compressive strength difference of 13.8% lower than the normal compressive strength of the concrete, while the effect of each mixture variation on the age of concrete is linear;  with the increase of the age, the compressive strength tends to increase.

Nano-Modification of Concrete with Slurries Using Ultra-Jet Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 882 ◽  
pp. 263-270
Author(s):  
Andrey Leonidovich Galinovskiy ◽  
Mary Alekseevna Prokhorova ◽  
Kyaw Myo Htet ◽  
Sergey Vasilievich Bochkarev ◽  
Igor Nikolaevich Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Strength Tests

The article discusses the problem of increasing the strength of concrete through the use of a suspension based on nanomodified additives with boehmite, graphene and carbon nanotubes. The lack of high performance and efficient dispersion methods limits the possibilities for nanomodification of building materials. Therefore, the research topic associated with assessing the possibility of developing means and methods for dispersing hydrocomposites containing nanoparticles is relevant. The suspensions were treated with ultra-jet treatment. Nano-containing suspensions were studied using a Microtrac Bluewave laser particle size analyzer. The analysis results were the average particle sizes in terms of quantitative and volumetric distributions, as well as the minimum recorded particle size in the samples. The results of compressive strength tests of a batch of concrete samples are presented. It is shown that the use of nanomodified additives leads to an increase in concrete strength.

scholarly journals Pembuatan Batubata dengan Bahan Baku Lumpur Sidoarjo

Bina Teknika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Endang Srihari Mochni ◽  
Arief Budhyantoro
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Combustion Temperature ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Paper Sludge ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Chemical Laboratory ◽  
Sludge Waste

Many attempts to reduce the volume of Sidoarjo mudflow that came out, one of which is the use of Sidoarjo mud for making bricks. The results of research in the chemical laboratory show that the Sidoarjo mud mineral content is mostly silica and alumina minerals, so it is very supportive for use as a material for making bricks. Making bricks requires mixed materials, one of which is paper sludge. Paper sludge waste is discharged from the paper industry, which can pollute the environment if it is discharged directly into the environment. Therefore, a solution is needed by utilizing the potential of the sludge waste. One of them is by using paper sludge as an additive in making bricks, because most of the components of paper sludge waste are calcium carbonate. In building materials, calcium carbonate can function as an additive so that paper sludge waste can be used as an additional material in making bricks. The purpose of this study is to determine the best ratio of Sidoarjo mud with paper sludge to the quality of the bricks, find out the best combustion temperature to the quality of the bricks produced, and compare the quality of the bricks before and after burning. The bricks are synthesized with a variation of the ratio of Sidoarjo mud raw material and paper sludge (1: 0, 1: 1, 2: 1, 3: 1) and variations in combustion temperature (no combustion, 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, 750°C, 900°C). In this study, the best quality of bricks according to SNI is 2: 1 ratio bricks with a combustion temperature of 750 ° C. The ratio of 2: 1 brick with a combustion temperature of 750°C has a percentage of water absorption of 17.17% and compressive strength of 37.78 kg / cm2.

scholarly journals Assessment of the early-age compressive strength of concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 005-014
Author(s):  
Dorota Michałowska-Maziejuk ◽  
Barbara Goszczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Eurocode 2 ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

This paper analyses the results of concrete compressive strength tests on cubic samples with different w/c ratios during the early stage of hardening (at 7, 14, and 28 days). Statistical and strength parameters were assessed and the quality of the concrete was estimated. The expected concrete grade, C25/30, was confirmed against the formulation provided by the prefabrication plant. Then, the amount of individual constituents was adjusted to obtain the target grade of concrete, i.e., C20/25. The concrete grade was estimated based on concrete strength parameters measured at three time points and compared with the expected 28-day strength values determined as per Eurocode 2 and with the concrete grade defined by these values. The paper also provides an overview of the most widely used methods of testing concrete compressive strength.

Pengaruh Tekanan dan Penggunaan Conplast terhadap Sifat Mekanik Eternit dari Abu Cangkang Sawit

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Haspiadi Haspiadi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Test Result

The purpose of this research is to know the influence of pressure and use of conplast against mechanical properties which are a Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR) of plasterboard. The study is done because still low quality of plasterboard made from a mixture of ashes of oil-palm shell especially of the mechanical properties compared to the controls. The method of this reserach used variation of printed pressure and the addition of conplast. Test result is obtained that the highest value of Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) 90875.94 Kg/cm2, Modulus of Rupture (MOR) 61.16 Kg/cm2 and density values in generally good printed at the pressure 60 g/cm3 and the addition of conplast 25% as well as the composition of the ash of palm shell oil 40%: limestone 40%: cement 15%: fiber 5% and 300 mL of water. ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tekanan dan penggunaan conplast terhadap sifat mekanik yaitu kuat lentur dan keteguhan patah eternit berbahan dasar abu cangkang sawit. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena masi rendahnya mutu eternit berbahan campuran abu cangkang sawit dari bolier khususnya sifat mekanik dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan variasi tekanan cetak dan penambahan conplast. Hasil uji diperoleh bahwa kuat lentur tertinggi sebesar 90875,94 Kg/cm2 dan keteguhan patah sebesar 61,16 Kg/cm2, yang dicetak pada tekanan 60 g/cm3 dan penambahan conplast 25% dengan komposisi  abu cangkang sawit 40 %: kapur 40 % : semen 15 %: serat 5 % dan air 300 mL.Kata Kunci :  Abu cangkang sawit, conplast, kuat lentur, keteguhan patah.

scholarly journals Enhanced Neutralizing Antibody Response Induced by Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Protein Expressed by a Vaccine Candidate

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (18) ◽  
pp. 9499-9510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Liang ◽  
Sonja Surman ◽  
Emerito Amaro-Carambot ◽  
Barbora Kabatova ◽  
Natalie Mackow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Genetic Stability ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Early Passage ◽  
F Protein ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Human Parainfluenza Virus ◽  
Type 3

ABSTRACTRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) are the first and second leading viral agents of severe respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide. Vaccines are not available, and an RSV vaccine is particularly needed. A live attenuated chimeric recombinant bovine/human PIV3 (rB/HPIV3) vector expressing the RSV fusion (F) glycoprotein from an added gene has been under development as a bivalent vaccine against RSV and HPIV3. Previous clinical evaluation of this vaccine candidate suggested that increased genetic stability and immunogenicity of the RSV F insert were needed. This was investigated in the present study. RSV F expression was enhanced 5-fold by codon optimization and by modifying the amino acid sequence to be identical to that of an early passage of the original clinical isolate. This conferred a hypofusogenic phenotype that presumably reflects the original isolate. We then compared vectors expressing stabilized prefusion and postfusion versions of RSV F. In a hamster model, prefusion F induced increased quantity and quality of RSV-neutralizing serum antibodies and increased protection against wild-type (wt) RSV challenge. In contrast, a vector expressing the postfusion F was less immunogenic and protective. The genetic stability of the RSV F insert was high and was not affected by enhanced expression or the prefusion or postfusion conformation of RSV F. These studies provide an improved version of the previously well-tolerated rB/HPIV3-RSV F vaccine candidate that induces a superior RSV-neutralizing serum antibody response.IMPORTANCERespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV3) are two major causes of pediatric pneumonia and bronchiolitis. The rB/HPIV3 vector expressing RSV F protein is a candidate bivalent live vaccine against HPIV3 and RSV. Previous clinical evaluation indicated the need to increase the immunogenicity and genetic stability of the RSV F insert. Here, we increased RSV F expression by codon optimization and by modifying the RSV F amino acid sequence to conform to that of an early passage of the original isolate. This resulted in a hypofusogenic phenotype, which likely represents the original phenotype before adaptation to cell culture. We also included stabilized versions of prefusion and postfusion RSV F protein. Prefusion RSV F induced a larger quantity and higher quality of RSV-neutralizing serum antibodies and was highly protective. This provides an improved candidate for further clinical evaluation.

Development of Mixture "Clay – Electro-Smelting Slag" for Ceramic Brick

2014 ◽  
Vol 682 ◽  
pp. 480-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.F. Torosyan ◽  
E.S. Torosyan
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Brick ◽  
Ceramic Samples ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
Smelting Slag ◽  
Compression Resistance ◽  
Mixing Water ◽  
Melting Slag

Industrial transition to a totally new level of resources and energy saving necessitates improving the technical level of building materials manufacturing, growing their raw materials base, the assortment, enhancing the quality of manufactured products, cutting their cost price. It requires, first of all, carrying out more detailed research in properties of clay and clay loams, and selecting optimal additives for pottery works. Such disadvantages of clays as burning sensitivity, low compression resistance and flexural strength in a burnt state, low frost resistance cause the impossibility of their application without corrective additives. It is quite difficult to find an additive which can solve all the technological problems mentioned above. This paper provides the development of mixture "clay – electro-melting slag" for ceramic brick, moreover, addition of a steel-smelting slag in the fusion mixture results in the change in mixing water content of ceramic masses, strength and coloration of ceramic samples.

scholarly journals Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone and Atamestane Supplementation on Frailty in Elderly Men

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 3988-3991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majon Muller ◽  
Annewieke W. van den Beld ◽  
Yvonne T. van der Schouw ◽  
Diederick E. Grobbee ◽  
Steven W. J. Lamberts
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Subjective Quality Of Life ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Leg Extensor Power ◽  
General Community

Abstract Background: It has been suggested that the age-related decline of androgens in men plays a distinct role in the development of several aspects of frailty. Therefore, hormone replacement might improve the course of frailty by increasing lean body mass and muscle strength, decreasing fat mass, and improving the subjective quality of life. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess whether hormone replacement with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and/or atamestane might improve the course of frailty. Design: This was a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Setting: The study was conducted in the general community. Participants: Participants included 100 nonhospitalized, nondiseased, independently living men, aged 70 yr and over with low scores on strength tests. Seventeen participants did not complete the trial. Intervention: Subjects were randomly assigned to one of four intervention arms: atamestane (100 mg/d) and placebo, DHEA (50 mg/d) and placebo, a combination of atamestane (100 mg/d) and DHEA (50 mg/d), or two placebo tablets for 36 wk. Main Outcome Measures: Physical frailty was measured by means of a specific test battery, including isometric grip strength, leg extensor power, and physical performance. Results: The randomization was successful, and 83 (83%) men completed the intervention. There were no differences between the treatment arms and placebo group in any of the outcome measurements after intervention. Conclusions: The results of this double-blind, randomized trial do not support the hypothesis that hormone replacement with DHEA and/or atamestane might improve the course of frailty.

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