scholarly journals A Report on Design & Setup of Peltier Module Based Air Cooler

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2458-2463
Keyword(s):  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Heat Radiation ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
Capillary Tubing ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Peltier Module ◽  
Air Cooler ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

With the increase in global warming levels day by day leading to the increase in average temperature throughout the year which makes people living in areas infested with loadshedding more hectic and troublesome. As the contemporary cooling method including Coolers and Air-conditioners do not work on the inverter for backup electricity purposes which make them useless as such during the peak heat hours. So, as to combat the problem with portability, economy and cost-effectiveness in mind the concept of alternative air conditioning using TEC while being used of the grid and rechargeable. While it is a common knowledge that co-efficient of performance of TEC is sub-par when compared to vapor compression air refrigeration used today but with optimized manufacturing techniques and forced convection of cold liquid increasing the effective cooling for the device and humidity controlling using moisture absorbent along with capillary tubing as thermal siphoning for heat reduction at the hot sink instead of air fin to reduce ambient heat radiation. Basically in this research we tried to increase the coefficient of performance of the Peltier Module using various techniques. The Module is also not power efficient , so in long run we can’t use plenty of them either two or three also we need to create the cooling effect . So keeping everything in mind we use the module accordingly to achieve the goal and make it a model for mass production

Experimental Investigation of a Desiccant Wheel Cycle

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Alili ◽  
Yunho Hwang ◽  
Reinhard Radermacher
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Considerable Portion ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Desiccant Material

In hot and humid regions, removal of moisture from the air represents a considerable portion of the air conditioning load. Conventionally, air conditioning systems have to lower the air temperature below its dew point to accomplish dehumidification. Desiccant air conditioners offer a solution to meet the humidity and temperature requirements of buildings via decoupling latent and sensible loads. In this work, the performance of a new desiccant material is investigated experimentally. This desiccant material can be regenerated using a low temperature heat source, as low as 45°C. It also has a unique S-shape isotherm. The effects of the process air stream’s temperature and humidity, the regeneration temperature, the ventilation mass flow rate, and the desiccant wheel’s rotational speed on the cycle performance are investigated. ARI-humid conditions are used as a baseline and the moisture mass balance is maintained within 5%. The results are presented in terms of the moisture removal rate and latent coefficient of performance (COPlat). The results show a desiccant wheel’s COPlat higher than unity when it is coupled with an enthalpy wheel.

scholarly journals Will Intellectual Property Rights Policy Increase Foreign Direct Investment and Promote Technological Innovation?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Debao Hu ◽  
Zhengkai Liu ◽  
Jing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
Indigenous Innovation ◽  
Good For

In this paper, we discuss the effects of intellectual property rights (IPRs) on FDI and indigenous innovation and the overall effects of IPR on the Southern and Northern countries. Our model predicts that tighter IPR is good for FDI and indigenous innovation; however, the effects vary according to the initial resource endowment such as skill level and absorptive capacity. By a game theory model, we also find that tighter IPR benefits both sides if the innovation is the common knowledge to both players, and it improves indigenous innovation and welfare in a short term, but they will emerge in the long run. We also discuss the further direction to an empirical study. Finally, we make the following conclusion: IPR is part of business environment, and tighter IPR in progress is good for boosting welfare of both sides. It is time to build a better environment for IPR, but the cost of patent enforcement policy and the trade barrier must be taken into account.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of a Gravity-Assisted Heat Pipe-Based Indirect Evaporative Cooler

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Rajski ◽  
Jan Danielewicz ◽  
Ewa Brychcy
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Mass Transfer Processes ◽  
Air Cooler ◽  
Evaporative Cooler ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Further Development

In the present work, the effects of different operating parameters on the performance of a gravity-assisted heat pipe-based indirect evaporative cooler (GAHP-based IEC) were investigated. The aim of the theoretical study is to evaluate accurately the cooling performance indicators, such as the coefficient of performance (COP), wet bulb effectiveness, and cooling capacity. To predict the effectiveness of the air cooler under a variety of conditions, the comprehensive calculation method was adopted. A mathematical model was developed to simulate numerically the heat and mass transfer processes. The mathematical model was validated adequately using experimental data from the literature. Based on the conducted numerical simulations, the most favorable ranges of operating conditions for the GAHP-based IEC were established. Moreover, the conducted studies could contribute to the further development of novel evaporative cooling systems employing gravity-assisted heat pipes as efficient equipment for transferring heat.

Performance Evaluation of Two Azeotropic Refrigerant Mixtures of HFC-134a With R-290 (Propane) and R-600a (Isobutane)

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Kim ◽  
W. J. Mulroy ◽  
D. A. Didion
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Refrigerant Mixtures ◽  
Hfc 134A ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
R 134A

The reduction in chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) production and the scheduled phase-out of these ozone-depleting refrigerants require the development and determination of environmentally safe refrigerants for use in heat pumps, water chillers, air conditioners, and refrigerators. This paper presents a performance evaluation of a generic heat pump with two azeotropic refrigerant mixtures of HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane) with R-290 (propane) and R-600a (isobutane); R-290/134a (45/55 by mass percentage) and R-134a/600a (80/20 by mass percentage). The performance characteristics of the azeotropes were compared with pure CFC-12, HFC-134a, HCFC-22, and R-290 at the high temperature cooling and heating conditions including those using liquid-line/suction-line heat exchange. The coefficient of performance of R-290/134a is lower than that of HCFC-22 and R-290, and R-134a/600a shows higher coefficient of performance than CFC-12 and HFC-134a. The capacity for R-290/134a is higher than that for HCFC-22 and R-290, and R-134a/600a exhibits higher system capacity than CFC-12 and HFC-134a. Experimental results show that the discharge temperatures of the studied azeotropic mixtures are lower than those of the pure refrigerants, CFC-12 and HCFC-22.

scholarly journals LEMARI PENDINGIN PORTABLE UNTUK PENYIMPANAN AIR SUSU IBU (ASI) MENGGUNAKAN TERMOELEKTRIK

JURTEKSI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Muhammad Gilang Suryanata ◽  
Khairi Ibnutama
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Career Women ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Peltier Module ◽  
The Government ◽  
Temperature Factors ◽  
Made In

Abstract: The importance of breast milk as the main intake of the baby has become common knowledge for every breastfeeding mother. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended by the government and WHO for breastfeeding mothers until the baby is two years old. The main obstacle to exclusive breastfeeding for babies is generally caused by the short resistance of breast milk to temperature factors, where breast milk can only last for less than four hours at room temperature. Therefore, a study was made in the form of a portable refrigerator design which aims to make breastfeeding mothers able to store breast milk longer, especially for career women who spend part of their time outside the home and not with babies. The refrigerator is made using a Peltier module with a thermoelectric working concept that is powered by an electric current or a battery so that it can be taken on trips.            Keywords: Arduino; Breast Milk; Cooler; Peltier; Thermoelectric  Abstrak: Pentingnya ASI sebagai asupan utama bayi telah menjadi pengetahuan umum bagi setiap ibu menyusui. Pemberian ASI ekslusif dianjurkan oleh pemerintah dan WHO kepada ibu menyusui sampai kurun waktu umur bayi dua tahun. Kendala utama terhambatnya pemberian ASI ekslusif kepada bayi umumnya disebabkan oleh daya tahan ASI yang singkat terhadap faktor suhu, dimana ASI hanya mampu bertahan selama kurang dari empat jam pada suhu ruangan. Oleh sebab itu dibuatlah penelitian berupa rancang bangun lemari pendingin portable yang bertujuan agar ibu menyusui dapat menyimpan ASI lebih lama, terutama bagi wanita karir yang sebagian waktunya diluar rumah dan tidak bersama bayi. Lemari pendingin dibuat menggunakan modul Peltier dengan konsep kerja termoelektrik yang ditenagai arus listrik atau baterai sehingga dapat dibawa dalam perjalanan. Kata kunci: Arduino; ASI; Peltier; Pendingin; Termoelektrik

scholarly journals An IoT-Based Thermoelectric Air Management Framework for Smart Building Applications: A Case Study for Tropical Climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1564
Author(s):  
Kashif Irshad ◽  
Abdulmohsen Almalawi ◽  
Asif Irshad Khan ◽  
Md Mottahir Alam ◽  
Md. Hasan Zahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Thermoelectric Coolers ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Smart Building ◽  
Thermal Management System

This study investigates the performance of the thermoelectric air conditioning (TE-AC) system smartly controlled by the Internet of Things (IoT)-based configuration for real tropical climatic application. Air cooling management was done through thermoelectric coolers, and an Arduino microcontroller with various sensors such as a temperature sensor, simple RF modules, and actuators was used to control the indoor climatic conditions based on outdoor conditions. The result shows that when the input power supply to the IoT-based TE-AC system is increased, the cooling capacity of the framework is also enhanced. Significant power and carbon emission reduction was observed for the IoT-based TE-AC system as compared to the TE-AC system without IoT. The IoT-incorporated system also ensures better microclimatic temperature control. Additionally, the system cooling capacity improves by 14.0%, and the coefficient of performance is increased by 46.3%. Thus, this study provides a smart solution to the two major energy harvesting issues of traditional air conditioners—an increase in energy efficiency by employing a TE-AC system and a further improvement in efficiency by using an IoT-based thermal management system.

scholarly journals Effect of Water and Ethanol as Coolant on the Performance of Peltier Module for Cold Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1911-1913
Keyword(s):  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Peltier Module ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Module Efficiency ◽  
Heating Up ◽  
Vapour Compression ◽  
Cooling Methods

The steep rise in earth temperature also tends to rise in energy consumption for the sake of which demand for cooling also increases. Various cooling equipment’s are available within the market within different working principle, in which vapour compression system being the most common. But due to its design it is not easy to make it portable in which use of Peltier comes in place. Peltier being solid state in nature also has a benefit of being small in size as well it runs completely on Direct current. But due to lower efficiency of Peltier module the use is limited to some specific purpose. The heat dissipation of Peltier is higher than that of the absorption which intends require continuous removal of heat. For which liquid cooling outperform all in coefficient of performance. There are various coolants that can be incorporated within the system, in which water being the most common. So as per this research, water is compared to that of ethanol which being less common in terms of coolant. The study majorly concerned into various analytical part used for the calculation of COP of Peltier module in both the cases. Since our system doesn’t concern about overall system performance at present it is only concerned with the module efficiency so system COP was omitted in case of calculation and comparison. In the study it was obtained that for water and ethanol subjected to both natural and fan assisted radiator cooling a COP of 0.402, 0.413, 0.409 and 0.412 was obtained respectively for both coolant and cooling methods. Water was found the most suitable medium of cooling in regard to ethanol as due to tendency of heating up.

Performance of A R22 split-air-conditioner when retrofitted with ozone friendly refrigerants (R410A and R417A)

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bukola Olalekan Bolaji
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Alternative Refrigerants ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Average Coefficient ◽  
Compressor Power ◽  
Discharge Pressure

R22 that has been used predominantly in air conditioning and in medium and low-temperature applications contains ozone depleting chlorine atoms and hence will be phased out eventually. This paper presents the experimental performance study of a split-air-conditioner using ozone friendly alternative refrigerants. The existing split-air-conditioner originally designed for R22 as the working fluid was retrofitted with R410A and R417A respectively, and the performance of the system was evaluated and compared with its performance when R22 was used. Experimental results showed that with R417A, the system had 1.9% higher refrigeration capacity and 14.2% lower with R410A when compared to that of R22. The average discharge pressure of the compressor obtained with R417A and R410A were 3.8% lower and 10.3% higher, respectively, than with R22. The lowest compressor power consumption and pressure ratio were obtained with the R417A retrofitted system. The average coefficient of performance (COP) obtained using R417A is 2.9% higher, while that of R410A is 8.4% lower than that of R22. Generally, with R417A the system consistently had the best performance in comparison to both R22 and R410A, indicating that R417A would be a better choice for retrofitting existing split-air-conditioners originally designed to use R22 as working fluid.

Latent Heat Effects in Thermoelectric Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps Equipped With a Heat Exchanger

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Chen ◽  
S. Suphasith
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Cold Fluid ◽  
Heat Effects ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

The effects of moisture on the performance of thermoelectric air conditioning systems and heat pumps equipped with a heat exchanger were studied. Coefficients of performance and fluid temperature variations were calculated for heat capacity ratios from 1 to 10 and relative humidities ranging from 0 to 100 percent at the cold fluid inlet. Only the energy effects of the water condensation are considered as it is assumed that the heat transfer coefficients are those of a dry heat exchanger. It was found that different flow arrangements and the energy associated with condensation on the cold fluid side have no strong effects on the variation of the hot fluid temperature. The coefficient of performance decreases and the cold fluid exit temperature increases when condensation occurs. When the moisture content at the cold fluid inlet increases most of the cases studied show a decrease in the difference between the optimum and uniform current results. The difference among different flow arrangements also becomes smaller as more water vapor condenses in the cold flow.

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